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Biomedical subjects

J D Hsu

Publications and source records attributed to J D Hsu.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Dynamic gait electromyography study in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) patients.

Preoperative and postoperative dynamic gait electromyography (EMG) weas performed on 15 patients 8 to 13 year of age with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy who underwent Achilles tendon lengthening and posterior tibial tendon transfer anteriorly through the interosseous ligament for correction of equinus and equinovarus foot deformities. The muscles tested preoperatively (anterior tibial, soleus, gastrocnemius, posterior tibial, peroneal longus, and peroneal brevis) showed phase changes. It is believed that patients with weakened leg muscles fire multiple muscle groups out of phase in an attempt to overcome the action of the stronger muscles, thus stabilizing the limb for ambulation. Postoperative EMGs, performed with the patients walking in long leg braces after the deformity had been corrected, showed little activity in the muscles tested. As the patients became dependent on the brace, the need for the muscles to be active out of phase was eliminated. The transferred posterior tibial muscle appeared to be active both clinically and electromyographically.

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMed1979

Extremity fractures in children with neuromuscular disease.

This report discusses the occurrence and management of fractures seen in 30 children with neuromuscular disorders. Twenty fractures were seen in 17 ambulatory patients, ages 5 to 16. Twelve of the patients in this group had Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), 3 had spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) and 2 had Charcot--Marie--Tooth (CMT) disease. Treatment consists of reduction of the fractures followed by immobilization of the extremities; however, continuation of everyday activities, including ambulation, should be emphasized. In fact, five patients ceased walking as a direct result of immobilization following fracture. Sixteen fractures were seen in 13 non-ambulatory patients, ages 4 to 19. These fractures were generally caused by very small forces; the fractures were rarely displaced. Eight of the fractures in osteoporotic and contracted knee joints occurred in either the distal femur or proximal tibia. Functional loss can be minimized by splinting until the patient no longer complains of pain. Splinting should be followed by rapid return to full activity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Heterotopic ossification around the hip in spinal cord-injured patients. A long-term follow-up study.

Twenty patients with spinal cord injury complicated by ossification around the hip were followed for eighteen months or more. The bone scan, roentgenogram, level of alkaline phosphatase, and range of hip motion of each patient were analyzed. The average follow-up was forty months. The heterotopic ossification usually did not mature until after one and one-half years. The roentgenograms were of no value in judging its maturity. The bone scan correlated well with the results of the alkaline phosphatase testing in judging maturity of the ossification. We concluded that before operative resection, a patient should have a normal level of alkaline phosphatase, decreasing activity on the bone scans, and a restriction of motion to less than 50 degrees of hip flexion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Stabilization of the collapsing spine in duchenne muscular dystrophy.

Of 41 patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, no ambulatory patient had scoliosis greater than 19 degrees. Non-ambulatory patients were prophylactically placed in body jackets, which kept the spine flexible and provided adequate support for sitting in the majority of patients. Ten patients had posterior spine fusion for progressive spinal collapse. The procedure was extensive with significant blood loss but boney fusion was achieved in every case. Pulmonary complications were minimized by performing preoperative tracheostomy on all patients who had vital capacities less than 40% and or non-functional coughs. Spinal fusion permitted long-term sitting stability despite the progression of the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Heterotopic ossification around the hip joint in spinal cord injured patients.

Thirty patients with heterotopic ossification following spinal injuries were divided into acutely-injured and post-surgical groups. Patients in the acutely injured group had symptoms of heterotopic ossification within 6 months of injury. The formation and maturation of the heterotopic bone around the affected hip(s) were studied by serial alkaline phosphatase determinations and radiographic examinations. Radionuclide bone scans using 99m Technetium diphosphonate were made in all patients. Treatment consisted of maintaining range of motion. This appears to be a self-limiting process as maturation occurs. Surgery was not necessary in this group. In patients with mature deposits, wedge and segmental resection of the extraosseous bone was necessary to regain enough hip flexion for the patinets to sit. This was followed by vigorous joint ranging. After one year, average range of recovered flexion was 60 degrees.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pathology and morphometry of the paraspinous muscles in nonidiopathic scoliosis.

The muscle fibers in 19 patients with nonidiopathic scoliosis were generally small, especially on the concave side of the curve. Type 1 fibers were more frequently atrophic than type 2 fibers, but the former usually remained larger than the latter. Type 1 preponderance was greater on the convex side of the curve; type 2A preponderance occurred bilaterally. These changes are similar to those of idiopathic scoliosis. They resemble those of endurance training or stretch and are interpreted as secondary to the curve.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment of symptomatic foot and ankle deformities in the nonambulatory neuromuscular patient.

Thirteen nonambulatory patients, aged 7 to 15 years and with neuromuscular disease, had residual foot and ankle deformities secondary to persistent and continued muscular imbalance around the ankle and foot. Surgical procedures were done to correct these fixed contractures so that the ankle was neutral and the foot plantigrade at the conclusion of the procedures. Despite successful attainment of the preoperative objectives, surgery should not be performed unless the following indications are present: severe pain, skin breakdown and/or ulceration, and the inability for the foot and ankle to accept reasonably costing and available shoe wear. Recurrence occurs if AFOs (ankle-foot orthoses) are not used after the surgical releases.

Achilles Tendon↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Suppression of the TPA-induced expression of nuclear-protooncogenes in mouse epidermis by crocetin via antioxidant activity.

Crocetin, a major component of the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, was investigated for its antitumor promoting effect on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-promoted mouse skin carcinogenesis. Topical application of 5 nmol TPA to CD-1 mice once daily for 5 days caused epidermal hyperplasia, and increases in the levels of c-Fos, c-Jun and c-Myc in the suprabasal layer of epidermis and the muscle layer of dermis. Immunocytolochemical examination showed that pretreatment of 1 mumol crocetin repressed the TPA-induced epidermal hyperplasia and the expressions of c-Jun, c-Fos and c-Myc to the extent of 47, 44 and 45% respectively. Crocetin of 3.0 mumol exhibited stronger inhibition on the induced hyperplasia and the oncoproteins levels (by 60, 53 and 55% respectively). Western blotting analysis confirmed this inhibitory effect of crocetin. Pretreatment of crocetin also repressed the TPA-induced H2O2 production and myeloperoxidase activity. These data indicate that crocetin suppresses the TPA-induced skin carcinogenesis maybe via its antioxidant property which, in turn, leads to a reduction in the TPA-induced expressions of c-Jun, c-Fos and c-Myc in mouse epidermis.

Animals↗