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Biomedical subjects

J D Oldham

Publications and source records attributed to J D Oldham.

45 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

Measurement of the rate of flow of dry matter in digesta passing through the duodenum of sheep.

1. A total of seven sheep fitted with re-entrant cannulas in the proximal duodenum were used in three experiments to measure the passage of dry matter (DM) in duodenal digesta. 2. Fifty-three 24 h measurements and ten 48 h measurements of DM flow were made in Expt 1. Coefficient of variation (CV) of these measurements was 22-1% which was similar to variability reported for chromic oxide 'corrected' flows and for an estimate of day-to-day variation. DM flow on day 1 was 103-2% (SE = 8-94) of flow on day 2 in 48 h measurements. 3. In two 3 X 3 Latin-square design experiments, duodenal DM flow was measured continuously over 72 h and on days 1, 2 and 3 DM flow was 100-4, 102-6 and 96-9% (SE = 5-82) of mean flow (Expt 2) and 95-8, 101-2 and 103-0% (SE = 6-70) of mean flow (Expt 3) respectively. 4. It was concluded that no depression in duodenal DM flow occurred during the first 24 h of collection in these experiments and that the variability of repeated 24 h measurements of flow was within day-to-day variation.

Animals↗

Attitude change in response to information that male homosexuality has a biological basis.

We assessed 28 college students' attitudes toward homosexuals immediately before and 1 week after the presentation of either an article suggesting that male homosexuality has a biological component or a control article. Change in attitude toward homosexuality for subjects exposed to the biological article depended on subjects' memory of the article and on their college major. Subjects undecided in their major and those who scored below average on a memory test of the article's content had the most positive attitude change, while biological science majors and those who scored above average on the memory test became more negative toward homosexuals. The results suggest biological information about homosexuality can have both beneficial and detrimental effects on attitudes toward homosexuals.

Adolescent↗