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Biomedical subjects

J David

Publications and source records attributed to J David.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Eosinophil-mediated killing of schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni: oxidative requirement for enhancement by eosinophil colony stimulating factor (CSF-alpha) and supernatants with eosinophil cytotoxicity enhancing activity (E-CEA).

Factors which enhance eosinophil-mediated killing of antibody-coated schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni include semipurified eosinophil colony stimulating factor (CSF-alpha) and eosinophil cytotoxicity enhancing activity (E-CEA) present in supernatants from cultured mononuclear cells. We have examined the mechanism of enhancement. Both actions require oxygen in order to enhance killing and do not enhance killing under anaerobic conditions (P less than or equal to 0.005). E-CEA had no detectable effect upon oxidative metabolism. In contrast to CSF-alpha which, in our previous studies, increased superoxide anion productions and quantitative leukocyte iodination, E-CEA had no detectable effect upon oxidative metabolism. In order to test whether active oxygen products might mediate enhancement of killing, the effects of the addition of superoxide dismutase and catalase were tested. Neither enzyme showed inhibition of CSF-alpha or E-CEA enhancement of eosinophil-mediated killing. The effects of CSF-alpha and E-CEA were not additive. These studies suggest that both CSF-alpha and E-CEA exert enhancement of killing by means of an as yet unidentified oxygen requiring process.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Analgesic properties and plasma concentrations of clomipramine in chronic pain].

The analgesic effect of clomipramine and the possible relationships between the antalgic action, the doses and the plasma levels of this tricyclic drug have been studied in 15 patients with chronic pain induced by nervous lesions determining a deafferentiation. Eight of 15 patients treated with clomipramine (100 mg/IV during 10 days and then 150 me per os) reported a significant improvement (up to 50 per cent during 3 to 18 months). The study of the partial coefficients of correlation did not show a relationship between plasma levels and analgesia in the total population or in the subgroup of the 8 improved patients. These results confirm the analgesic properties of clomipramine and suggest that regular monitoring of plasma levels of clomipramine does not appear of practical interest in the treatment of chronic pain.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Behavioral and electrical correlates of absence seizures induced by thalamic stimulation in juvenile rhesus monkeys with frontal aluminum hydroxide implants: a pharmacologic evaluation.

A new method for producing electro-clinical correlates of absence seizures (petit mal epilepsy) in conscious juvenile rhesus monkeys is described. A behavioral arrest reaction associated with concomitant 2 1/2 to 3 Hz spike and wave electroencephalograph (EEG) after discharge pattern, was obtained by thalamic stimulation in monkeys with bilaterally symmetric aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3) lesions in anterior premotor cortical areas. The characteristic behavioral and EEG features associated with absence seizures appeared reproducibly, 63 +/- 5 days after aluminum hydroxide cortical implantation. This test system distinguishes between anticonvulsants that are effective in generalized seizures of the absence type and anticonvulsant drugs that are effective in focal seizures. Clinically useful anti-absence drugs, such as ethosuximide, sodium valproate, clonazepam, and trimethadione, are effective in this model. Diphenylhydantoin, which is contraindicated in absence states, increases the spike and wave after-discharge pattern. The limitations, advantages, and potential usefulness of this model in predicting anti-absence activity as well as the incidence of side effects of new drugs is discussed.

Aluminum Hydroxide↗