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J Delmont

Publications and source records attributed to J Delmont.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

[Leiomyosarcoma of the liver: a case treated by transplantation].

A 68 year old woman with primary hepatic leiomyosarcoma, impairement of general status and right upper quadrant pain was diagnosed with liver tumor by sonography, CT scan and nuclear magnetic resonance imaging. Angiograms showed a hypervascular tumor. The patient was treated by hepatic transplantation but died 15 days after operation. The diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma was established by immunohistochemical and ultrastructural studies; the primary nature was confirmed by necropsy. Diagnostic and therapeutic features of primary hepatic leiomyosarcoma--the 19th case reported in the literature--are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Low early gallstone recurrence rate after successful extracorporeal lithotripsy in patients with solitary stones.

Piezoelectric lithotripsy with the EDAP LT-01 machine combined with adjuvant bile acid therapy results in complete clearance of radiolucent gallstones in selected patients. We assessed stone recurrence rate in 84 patients with complete clearance of stone fragments and followed up at least 12 months after cessation of bile acid therapy (mean 17 months, range 12-33). Fifty-four patients had a solitary stone and 30 multiple stones. Bile acid therapy was continued for 3 months after complete fragment stones clearance which was ascertained by two consecutive ultrasound examinations. Stone recurrence was assessed by ultrasonography at 6 and 12 months, and then at least once a year. Gallstone recurrence occurred in 5 patients (6%) between 9 and 12 months with no further recurrence up to 33 months. The rate of recurrence at one year was 3.7% in patients with a solitary stone and 10% in patients with multiple stones. Only one patient with stone recurrence had recurrent biliary pain. We concluded that early gallstone recurrence rate after successful lithotripsy seems to be low in patients with solitary stones.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Current status of knowledge on the epidemiology of rickettsiosis in Africa].

Rickettsioses have been reported all over Africa. Serologic investigations have been driven using non specific methods as Giroud microagglutination and Weil-Felix test which led to numerous false positive. This explains the difficulties encountered in the evaluation of the prevalence of such diseases in Africa. However, three recent studies made in Tunisia, Central Africa and Zimbabwe show that seroprevalence of spotted fever group rickettsiae infections is close to 45% using MIF as reference method. New technics as Western and Line immunoblotting and RFLP PCR should allowed to new studies and revision of epidemiologic data on rickettsioses in Africa.

Africa↗
PubMed1992

[Epidemiology of Tinea capitis in Bangui (Central African Republic)].

In Bangui (Central African Republic) an epidemiological survey making use of cluster sampling has been performed. Prevalence rate is not very high in Bangui (3.4%). Boys are more infected than girls. Both in rural and urban area prevalence rates are decreasing with age. Microsporum langeronii has been identified in 98% of case.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Persistence of low levels of Plasmodium falciparum resistance to chloroquine in the autochthonous population of the Central African Republic.

In Central African Republic, the first cases of resistant P. falciparum to chloroquine occurred in 1983 in non immune expatriate residents on regular chemoprophylaxis. From 1984 to 1991, 950 in vivo tests with a seven days observation period were performed in semi-immune autochtonous children living in seven towns of the country. Chloroquine treatments were given at 25 mg/kg over 3 days period to children with P. falciparum parasitaemia > 500 (634 simplified methods) or > 1000/mm3 (316 WHO standard field tests), usually asymptomatic. Until 1988, the surveys show an absence or a low frequency of chloroquine resistance (usually below 10%) according to the town; since 1989, the resistance has been present in all towns but everywhere with a frequency under 20%. None cases of R III level resistance was observed and all children became or remained asymptomatic at day 7. Until further surveys demonstrate a decreased efficacity of chloroquine, it is advised that chloroquine be used at 25 mg/kg over 3 days period as the treatment of choice in uncomplicated acute malaria in the Central African Republic.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Segmental small intestine transplantation in dogs: comparison between a jejunal graft and an ileal graft].

The aim of this study was to compare segmental grafts of jejunum and ileum in a dog model. 14 segmental grafts, 8 ileal (Il. A) and 6 jejunal (Jej. A.), were successfully allografted as 120 cm-Thiry-Vella segments. Immunosuppressive therapy consisted of cyclosporin 25 mg/kg/day per os. Monitoring was performed by histology and absorption (maltose and xylose) studies as well as analysis of brush border enzymes. No cases of Graft-versus-host disease were observed. Six allografts (42.5 per cent) including 3 Jej. A. (50 per cent) and 3 Il. A. (37.5 per cent) were rejected during the first three months. Eight allografts (5 Il. A. and 3 Jej. A.) were tolerated for up to 3 months and were removed: 2 Il. A. and 2 Jej. A. were normal, while 2 Il. A. and one Jej. A presented with signs of chronic rejection and one Il. A. with advanced rejection. Jej. A. and Il. A. showed a similar course, by means of immunologic reactions as well as functional characteristics. It is concluded that there is no major difference between Jej. A. and Il. A. in the dog. Because of the specialized absorptive functions of the ileum and its adaptative properties, ileal segmental grafts should be preferred to jejunal grafts for the treatment of short-gut syndrome.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMed1991

Treatment of gallstones with piezoelectric lithotripsy and oral bile acids. A multicenter study.

The efficacy of the combination of piezoelectric lithotripsy and oral bile acids in the treatment of gallbladder stones was assessed. Three hundred and sixty-three patients with symptomatic radiolucent gallstones in functioning gallbladder were treated in five medical centers using the same protocol with the EDAP LT 01 lithotripter. No anesthesia, analgesia or sedation was used. After one session of lithotripsy, fragmentation was observed in 89% of the patients, and satisfactory fragmentation (fragments less than or equal to 5 mm) in 29%. The satisfactory fragmentation rate was higher in patients with solitary stones less than or equal to 20 mm than in patients with solitary stones 21-35 mm or multiple stones (p less than 0.001). After multiple sessions (mean 1.6 session/patient, range 1-5) the overall rate of satisfactory fragmentation was 50%. After 12 months on oral bile acid therapy, complete clearance of the gallbladder was observed in 69% of patients with solitary stones less than or equal to 20 mm, 25% of patients with solitary stones 21-35 mm and 37% of patients with multiple stones. No complication was observed during the lithotripsy. During follow-up under bile acid therapy, there were five complications (1.4%): four patients had acute cholecystitis and one had mild, self-limited pancreatitis. We conclude that piezoelectric lithotripsy with the EDAP lithotripter is a safe and effective treatment which can be performed in outpatients. Satisfactory fragmentation and rapid disappearance of stones are obtained mainly in patients with solitary stones less than or equal to 20 mm.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

[Interest in placental apposition as an epidemiological marker for malaria].

Three studies about relation between pregnancy and malaria have been conducted in CAR. The comparative study between plasmodic indexes (PI) et placental appositions (PAP) had shown that PAP offers biggest sensibility in the diagnosis of malaria infection (37.1% for PAP versus 17.1% for PI). The comparison of the PAP with placental anatomopathological study (PAN) revealed the same sensibility of both technics but the PAP's realization is very easy, at the opposite PAN's realization is long and requires sophisticated equipment. Moreover, PAP allows the differentiation between recent and post-malaria infection. The simultaneous realization of the PAP and chloroquinaemia had allowed to develop a surveillance of chloroquine resistance level of Plasmodium falciparum to amino-4-quinolines.

Central African Republic↗
PubMed1991

[The synthesis of the epidemiology and treatment of malaria of the pregnant woman and the infant in subsaharan Africa].

This article summarizes informations regarding epidemiology, prophylaxis and treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in pregnant women and children in subsaharian Africa. The authors recommend a regular antimalarial chemoprophylaxis using chloroquine and proguanil for pregnant women and particularly for primigravidae as they constitute a group at risk and considering the consequential effects on foetus. Precautions such as bed nets to avoid bites by infected mosquitoes are important. Chloroquine is the drug of choice for treatment in areas where P. falciparum remains sensitive. When chloroquine resistance exists or in cases of severe malariae, quinine must be used.

Africa↗
PubMed1990

Randomized double-blind clinical trial of aluminum phosphate versus ranitidine in the acute treatment of duodenal ulcer.

A randomized double-blind clinical trial of aluminum phosphate versus ranitidine in the treatment of noncomplicated acute duodenal ulcer has been conducted in 91 patients. After randomization the 42 patients of the aluminum phosphate group were comparable to the 49 patients of the ranitidine group. At 4 weeks, 6 patients were not endoscoped and according to the intention-to-treat method they were considered as treatment failure. The endoscopy showed a 60% healing rate in the aluminum phosphate group (25/42) versus 55% in the ranitidine group (27/49); this difference was not significant. Among the factors assessed, only one, the round shape of the ulcer, was significantly and independently associated with ulcer healing in a multidimensional analysis. In conclusion, this double-blind trial showed that aluminum phosphate is an effective, save and cheap treatment of acute duodenal ulcer.

Aluminum↗
PubMed1990

[Cholecystocolic fistula: from symptoms to diagnosis].

We report 2 patients with a cholecystocolic fistula in whom diametrically opposite symptoms (isolated steator-rhea, jaundice and fever) were responsible for important clinical difficulties. These fistulae are far less common than cholecysto-duodenal fistulae. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography was performed because of abnormal liver tests and led to diagnosis in both cases. Classical aerobilia was absent in both of our cases. Barium enema was disappointing (case n. 1), whereas technetium 99m scintiscan visualized the fistula (case n. 2). Two therapeutic approaches are possible in the case of cholecystocolic fistula. Surgery, usually combining cholecystectomy and extraction of common bile duct stones with the treatment of the fistula, may be performed systematically or in case of failure of sphincterotomy (case n. 1). On the other hand, endoscopical sphincteromy during endoscopic retrograde cholangiography, which, by reducing increased biliary pressure, may be sufficient to achieve spontaneous closure of the fistula in an elderly or high risk patient (case n. 2).

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Prevalence of pruritus caused by 4-aminoquinoline. Cluster sample survey of the population in a Central African town].

A survey on prevalence of pruritus caused by amino-4-quinolines has been carried out by mean of a set of questions in the framework of a cluster sample survey with 1512 inhabitants of Bambari (Central African Republic). The results were: a prevalence rate of 7, 6 p.c., mainly due to chloroquine; a variation of the prevalence rate according to age: low with children, frequency is maximum in the age group of 20-30 and then decreasing. no difference between males and females; an increase of frequency related to the education level and the socio-professional category.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Extension of multiple drug resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Africa: report of a Central African case.

A 24-year-old Caucasian male, living in the Central African Republic, presented with fever due to Plasmodium falciparum infection, although he steadily took chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine chemoprophylaxis. Despite treatment with the same drugs at high doses, the parasitaemia persisted. Clinical and parasitological recovery was obtained by the use of quinine. Chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains have spread in all tropical areas. Multiple drug resistance, already described in Asia, has also begun to appear in Africa.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Ion exchange paper adsorption and thin-layer chromatography for detection of chloroquine in urine for the study of chemosensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum.

With a view to determining the chemosensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine, two qualitative tests for the detection of this antimalarial agent in urine were compared in Central African schoolchildren: the test of Dill and Glazko and a thin-layer chromatography technique involving ion exchange and extraction. Results obtained with 149 subjects showed the marked superiority in specificity and sensitivity of the chromatography test. This is of particular interest when selecting subjects before a therapeutic trial is undertaken. After administration of a single dose of chloroquine (10 mg kg-1) to 14 schoolchildren, both urinary detection tests gave positive results at 24 and 48 hours. However, on day 7 all results with the chromatography test were positive, while 57% of false negatives were recorded by the Dill and Glazko test.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Superiority of a new etiopathogenic treatment curing periarteritis nodosa caused by hepatitis B virus, using a combination of brief corticotherapy, vidarabine and plasma exchange].

A new physiopathological treatment of HBV-related polyarteritis inspired by advances in the treatment of chronic active hepatitis B was tested in 7 patients. The new protocol included short term corticosteroid therapy, a course of antiviral chemotherapy with vidarabine and repeated plasma exchanges enabling steroids to be discontinued after 2 weeks. This treatment was well tolerated, and 6 of the 7 patients treated were clinically, biologically and virologically cured. The eradication of HBV among the patients who were cured was confirmed by clearance of HBs Ag and its replacement by anti HBs. None of the 6 patients relapsed during a 2 to 7 years' follow-up. The seventh patient died. In contrast, no patient had been cured in a similar group of 7 polyarteritis patients previously treated with the conventional symptomatic therapy using corticosteroids (6/7), plasma exchanges (4/7) and immunosuppressants (2/7). The outcome in this older series followed up for 3 years was altogether unfavourable, with 3 deaths, 3 chronic forms with multiple relapses and 1 spontaneous stabilisation. All patients remained chronic carriers of HBV. These results suggest that the new aetiopathogenic treatment capable of curing polyarteritis patients should replace the classical symptomatic treatment as soon as these preliminary results are confirmed by those of a multicentre study in progress.

Adolescent↗