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Biomedical subjects

J Delmont

Publications and source records attributed to J Delmont.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Hepatic intraarterial lipiodol: technique, semiologic patterns, and value for hepatic tumors.

Hepatic intraarterial lipiodol (HIAL) coupled with computed tomography (CT) was used in a homogeneous series of 138 cases. All patients received 10 ml lipiodol emulsion injected by an arterial route; there were no serious complications. Four semiologic patterns were observed. Aside from nodular regenerative hyperplasia occurring in the absence of cirrhosis, HIAL gave no false-positive indications of tumor, as demonstrated by a series of 20 patients with uncomplicated cirrhosis evaluated for over 12 months. Comparison of ultrasonography, CT, angiography, and HIAL coupled with CT for exploration of hepatomas revealed the marked superiority of HIAL/CT for both tumor detection and lesion localization (search for daughter tumors).

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1988

The tactile acoustic monitor as an aid for post-lingually totally deafened adults: a pilot study.

Two women with a total acquired hearing loss who had previously derived no benefit from hearing aids were fitted with the tactile acoustic monitor (TAM) (Summers et al., 1981). Speech perceptual and productive abilities were assessed using a variety of tests prior to TAM fitting, at the time of fitting and after one month of daily use but without detailed training. Self-report and questionnaire data were also obtained. Results indicated that the TAM aided the detection but not recognition of environmental sounds. Lip-reading was not improved, and there was a worrying trend toward the use of an elevated voice pitch with changes in voice quality including increased occurrence of creaky voice.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

[The value of plasma exchange during flare-ups of benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis].

Benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis (BRIC) or Summerskill's disease is a rare affection characterized by recurrent episodes of cholestasis of no apparent cause, separated by totally asymptomatic remissions. No specific treatment exists for the disease, and plasma exchange (PE) was proposed for disabling episodes affecting the general condition of two patients: one by two sessions of 4 and 13 exchanges during two episodes respectively (mass exchanged 14 and 35.5 l) and the other by 3 exchanges (total exchanged 4.5 l) during one episode. Improvement in clinical symptomatology and shortening of duration of two cholestatic episodes was noted when PE was carried out at an early stage. Bile acids were purified satisfactorily (42 to 52%), 0.15 to 1.17 mmole being extracted at each acute attack. Although difficult to assess in a rare affection such as this, PE appears to contribute to the symptomatic treatment of BRIC acute episodes if performed early enough, shortening their duration by the probable purification of circulating factors that are cholestatogenic as in primary biliary cirrhosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Status of drug resistance of Plasmodium falciparum in the Central African Republic. Results of studies carried out between 1984 and 1986].

Since August 1983, several cases of chloroquine resistant malaria have been observed in caucasian adults living in the Central African Republic (CAR) despite an antimalarial prophylaxis. Between 1984 and 1985, several studies including both in vitro and in vivo tests have been undertaken in cohorts of children to determine antimalaria drug sensitivity of P. falciparum in two towns of the CAR. In Bangui, out of 60 asymptomatic schoolchildren with asexual parasite count per mm3 of blood equal (or more than) 1,000, treated using a single intake of chloroquine at a dose of 10 mg/kg, three had asexual parasites at day 7 after drug administration. Alternatively, out of 57 other children with clinical malaria treated using a total dose of 25 mg/kg of chloroquine daily distributed within a 3 day period, only one exhibited a RII resistance. In vitro tests performed in a limited cohort of 15 school children showed a high sensitivity to chloroquine, amodiaquine, quinine and mefloquine in P. falciparum malaria. In Bouar, a group of 80 preschool children attending pediatric clinic were treated using either a single dose of 10 mg/kg of chloroquine (25 children) or 25 mg/kg of amodiaquine (21 cases) or 25 mg/kg of chloroquine (34 cases) within a three days period. Asymptomatic parasitaemia persisted or reappeared in 6 children all treated with 10 mg/kg of chloroquine. Therapeutic response to amino-4-quinolines in central african children is up to now satisfactory as compared to that observed in surrounding countries. Further surveys including other rural and urban areas are needed to appreciate the evolution of the phenomenon.

Amodiaquine↗
PubMed1985

Audiological rehabilitation of patients with brainstem disorders.

A brief account is given of the course of rehabilitation of three patients with severe brainstem injuries. Particular use has been made of synthetic speech pattern assessment procedures which have been integrated into the management model of Goldstein and Stephens (1981). The use of speech stimuli of controllable simplicity has two main clinical benefits: the early course of re-acquisition can be examined analytically, second, aspects of speech receptive and productive rehabilitation can be facilitated. Re-acquisition of perceptive ability in some of these patients may follow a progression from simple to complex acoustic pattern contrasts and this may provide an effective basis for future techniques of rehabilitation.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[The CT scan coupled to the injection of lipiodol into the hepatic artery. Preliminary trial].

A preliminary study of CT findings for 13 malignant liver tumors evaluated after intra-arterial hepatic lipiodol injection is presented. Comparison with ultrasound, conventional CT before and after contrast material injection, and arteriography revealed the superiority of intra-arterial lipiodol injection coupled with CT examination for both the detection of hepatomas and disease extension workups, thanks to the detection of small multifocal lesions. There is no lipiodol uptake by the tumor in cases of metastases or cholangiocarcinoma. The same technique can be applied to non-surgery patients for therapeutic hepatic artery injections of an extemporaneous lipiodol emulsion, hydrosoluble contrast materials and oncostatic drugs. A review of over 100 cases in the Japanese literature emphasizes the efficacy of this therapeutic approach.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed1983

[Apparently primary malignant secreting renal lymphoma (immunocytoma)].

The authors report a case of renal lymphoma which secreted a monoclonal Ig M kappa immunoglobulin (immunocytoma) and which was diagnosed on the basis of its secretion. They analyse the problems posed by the indication for surgery, the histological nature, the management and the prognosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

Determination of chloroquine and monodesethylchloroquine in hair.

Using thin-layer and gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, chloroquine and its major metabolite (monodesethylchloroquine) were identified in hair samples of numerous patients who received this antimalarial drug for several months. In two patients the amounts of chloroquine were, respectively, 310 and 145 mg/kg hair and those of the monodesethylchloroquine 23 and 11 mg/kg. The respective proportions (93 and 7%) are the same in the two subjects. The chloroquine percentage was near those in the spleen or stomach wall after poisoning. Other metabolites in hair are being identified. Hair analysis may provide a good toxicologic and forensic science complement to the blood, urine, and tissues. It may be useful for the control of chloroquine therapy.

Chloroquine↗
PubMed1982

[Anemia with hypochromia and decreased serum iron in malignant tumours of the small intestine. Two case-reports (author's transl)].

The authors report two cases of malignant tumours of the small intestine (one adenocarcinoma and one lymphoma). In both patients, longstanding anemia with hypochromia and decreased serum iron remained unexplained for some time. Iron was prescribed without definite diagnosis. These two cases demonstrate the extreme latency of these tumours and the necessity for detailed intestinal investigations in patients presenting with isolated hypochromic hyposideremic anemia. Among these investigations, doubla contrast roentgenographic study of the small intestine appears to be an adequate diagnostic procedure for disclosing even very small lesions.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1982

A radiologic study of chronic radiation-induced injuries of the small intestine and colon.

On the basis of 144 radiation-induced intestinal and colorectal lesions seen in 109 patients, the authors review the radiologic aspects associated with such affections. Two points are emphasized: (1) the chronic and still active nature of radiation-induced injury which can explain the appearance of lesions more than 10 years after irradiation, and (2) the locoregional nature of the affection which warrants systematic exploration of the urinary tract by intravenous pyelography in addition to radiologic and endoscopic investigation of the digestive tract. The authors also advise an echography and/or CT scan to detect any neoplastic recurrence.

Barium Sulfate↗
PubMed1980

[Lactase deficiency in the intestinal mucosa. Demonstration by hydrogen detection in the expired air after lactose loading (author's transl)].

Lactose malabsorption can be demonstrated by detecting hydrogen (H2) in the expired air after oral loading with lactose. A comparative study was carried out on 24 subjects. Following an oral loading dose of lactose, the H2 eliminated during expiration was assayed by gas chromatography, and blood galactose levels were measured. The results showed that the test was reliable, well tolerated and reproductible. However, the method does not measure the amounts of lactase present in the intestinal mucosa. The lactose loading test seems to be valuable for studies on lactose and carbohydrate malabsorption.

Adult↗