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Biomedical subjects

J Durst

Publications and source records attributed to J Durst.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Release of cytokines by a fermented lectin-1 (ML-1) free mistletoe extract reflects differences in the reactivity of PBMC in healthy and allergic individuals and tumour patients.

OBJECTIVE: Mistletoe extracts are used in adjuvant cancer treatment, but little is known concerning their mode of action. There is, however, evidence that antigens in these extracts may stimulate cells of the immune system, thereby modifying the altered immunological reactivity in tumour patients. METHODS: In order to find out whether the postulated immunomodulatory properties of mistletoe extracts are mediated by cytokines, a spectrum of different cytokines was analysed in the supernatants of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from healthy (n = 23) and allergic (n = 16) individuals after stimulation with the fermented mistletoe lectin-1 (ML-1) free mistletoe extract Iscador Pini (IP) in vitro, and their cytokine patterns were compared to those from tumour patients with either breast cancer (n = 20) or colorectal tumours (n = 22). RESULTS: PBMC from healthy and allergic individuals produced high levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6 and to a lesser extent Th1- and Th2-related cytokines. This finding was in contrast to data obtained in tumour patients. Thus, the concentration of TNF-alpha was significantly lower in the cell cultures from breast cancer patients than in controls, and patients with colorectal tumours released IFN-gamma/IL-2 (5%) in the supernatants significantly less frequently than PBMC from healthy controls (26%). Similar results were obtained when the Th1- and monocyte/macrophage-related cytokines were analysed in the unstimulated cell cultures. CONCLUSIONS: These in vitro studies provide evidence that there is a reduced immunological reactivity to the fermented ML-1 free mistletoe extract in tumour patients and may give some clues as to how mistletoe-derived antigens could act on immune cells involved in the tumour defence.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Comparative studies on susceptibility of the mouse (Mus musculus) and the vole (Microtus arvalis) to Listeria monocytogenes and Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae.

The susceptibility of mice and voles to intraperitoneal and subcutan injection of virulent strains has been tested comparatively on 261 mice and 120 voles. Using various germ-doses, 50 per cent lethality has been established. Listeria monocytogenes serovar 1/2a killed mice in doses of 120,000 and 1.5 X 10(6) germs when injected intraperitoneally and subcutaneously and voles in doses of 1800 and 12,000 germs, respectively. Thus voles proved 100 to 120 times more susceptible than mice. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae killed mice injected both intraperitoneally or subcutaneously in minimal doses, such as 25 germs, but voles survived the infection with 1 to 5 million germs. This indicates that voles are resistant to E. rhusiopathiae, but more susceptible to L. monocytogenes than mice. In contrast, both these rodent species proved susceptible to the obligate pathogenic Francisella tularensis and invariably succumbed to septicaemia when injected with a few of these bacteria.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

[Greater omentumplasty for covering the chest wall following removal of ulcerating breast cancer].

The palliative excision of ulcerous and metastatic breast cancer produces large defects of skin and tissue on the anterior chestwall. In comparison with other methods in plastic surgery for covering up large defects of the chestwall the greater omentum-transposition is, concerning the technique, very practicable. It does not endanger the patients in their distressing condition of cancer generalisation, has less complications and is easy to command in the postoperative phase. The transposition of a highly vascular tissue, which offers some resistance to infection and acts as a immunity barrier is able to cover up the local lesion during a short period of hospitalization, strengthen effectively the self respect of the patients and improve their lifestyle even with the limited lifespan.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1985

A multi-centre study on the phage typing of Listeria monocytogenes.

The aim of this multicenter study was to determine and to standardize methods in order to have common basis for comparing results of phage typing of Listeria monocytogenes. Using a common set of Listeria strains, a standardized method, including media, bacterial growth conditions, application of viruses and reading of lytic reactions, was established. 29 bacteriophages were selected according to their host range. This phage typing system allowed phagovar determination of 54% of the serogroup 1/2 strains and 77% of the serogroup 4 strains of L. monocytogenes.

Bacteriophage Typing↗
PubMed1980

A simple method for the isolation of phages from Listeria monocytogenes.

By application of a combined mitomycin-/heat treatment after freezing, 7 out of 29 Listeria monocytogenes strains which were found to be non-phage carriers by UV irradiation could release phages. Propagation of the obtained phages was promoted by storage at 4 degrees C. Apart from TNSA plates the application of chocolate plates appears to be necessary in order to study these phages.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Primary carcinoma of the extrahepatic bile ducts (author's transl)].

From 1957--1977 193 patients were treated at the surgical clinic of the University of Tübingen for carcinoma of the extrahepatic bile ducts. Gall bladder carcinoma made up 139 cases; 54 were of bile duct carcinoma. The tumors were no longer operable in two-thirds of the patients with extrahepatic bile ducts cancer. The life expectancy rate of five years for patients with gall bladder carcinoma held for 7%. Up to now only one patient with a bile duct malignancy has survived longer than five years. In the last decade essentially no improvement of median life expectancy has occurred despite improved operating techniques. Due to uncharacteristic, misleading upper abdominal symptoms, patients who suffer gall bladder or bile duct cancer are unfortunately accurately diagnosed only after the carcinoma has overcome organ borders or is already metastatic. There is reasonable hope for improved early prognosis of extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma with ERCP (Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangio-Pancreaticography) and computer-tomography. Because the possibility of a relationship between gall bladder stones and/or the chronic inflammation of gall bladder and bile ducts and the development of cancer is not out of the question, widespread prophylactic cholecystectomy and gall passage cleansing should be employed.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

[Circular transhepatic drainage as a palliative surgical measure in central bile duct obstruction].

A transhepatic drainage tube was used in 27 patients suffering from echinococcus alveolaris of the liver of malignant process of the portal fissure from 1967 to 1978. If an hepatocholangioenterostomy is not possible, another surgical palliative procedure is necessary for drainage of the bile. The transhepatic drainage tube is a simple palliative method. The technique of this procedure, the indications, the possible complications, and the advantages are reported.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Breast cancer in the male (author's transl)].

The prognosis of breast cancer in the male is considerably worse than in the female. The longer neglect and the quicker formation of metastases are responsible for it. Modified radical mastectomy is the procedure of choice up to stage T3. In stage T4 only mastectomy should be performed. Radiotherapy with the megavolt technique is necessary in any case. The experience with castration, adrenalectomy and hypophysectomy is limited, further experience must be awaited.

Breast Neoplasms↗