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Biomedical subjects

J E Hodgman

Publications and source records attributed to J E Hodgman.

13 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Intrapartum fetal heart rate and sudden infant death syndrome.

The intrapartum fetal heart rate (FHR) tracings of 20 infants who died of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) and 20 matched control infants, both drawn from a population at increased obstetrical risk, were compared. This is a blind retrospective study aimed at quantifying (a) the incidence of FHR patterns, (b) the range of FHR and variability levels, and (c) the episodes of variable and late decelerations occurring in conjunction with abnormal FHR levels. Tracings of SIDS infants were similar to those of control infants. Although the three infants with bradycardic FHR levels were restricted to the SIDS group, infants in this group could not be reliably differentiated from control infants on the basis of intrapartum FHR tracings.

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1979

Hyperammonemia associated with perinatal asphyxia.

Twelve infants with severe perinatal asphyxia were found to have elevated blood ammonia levels (302 to 960 microgram/100 ml). In the seven survivors, hyperammonemia was associated with CNS irritability, hyperthermia, hypertension, and wide neonatal heart rate oscillations. Follow-up examinations revealed severe neurologic dysfunction in five of seven infants. CNS depression, hyperthermia, hypertension, and a nonreactive, fixed heart rate characterized the infants that died. These findings suggest a clinical entity secondary to perinatal asphyxia whose signs and symptoms may be related to hyperammonemia.

Ammonia↗
PubMed1979

Mercury vapor contamination of infant incubators: a potential hazard.

In a survey of 42 infant incubators 18 showed detectable concentrations of mercury vapor. In 12 instances the concentrations of mercury vapor in the thermometer holder exceeded industrial safety standards. In 16 incubators the contamination was traced to broken mercury-in-glass thermometers used to monitor incubator ambient temperatures. Use of alcohol thermometers or thermistors in place of mercury-in-glass thermometers would eliminate this potential hazard.

Air Pollutants↗
PubMed1977

Effect of phototherapy on growth of low-birth-weight infants--two-year follow-up.

The effect of phototherapy on subsequent growth of low-birth-weight infants has been evaluated at two-year follow-up of infants from two separate controlled neonatal studies. Growth of weight, length, and head circumference in the treated infants of Group I was slower than that of control subjects. Growth was comparable in treated infants and control subjects in Group II, and the two control groups, although not concurrent were also similar. Infants whose heads were growing at a normal rate, even though below 2 SD from the norms, were developing normally. Only infants who had deceleration in rate of head growth were abnormal. It is unlikely that phototherapy was responsible for the slow growth patterns seen in Group I, since these patterns were not reproducible in Group II.

Body Weight↗
PubMed1977

Recent improvement in outcome for the small premature infant. Follow-up of infants with a birth weight of less than 1,500 grams.

1. Developmental and neurologic outcome was determined for 176 premature infants of birth weight less than 1,500 gm, born during 1965-1970. 2. No significant difference in outcome was found when infants of birth weight 1,000 to 1,500 gm were compared with those weighing less than 1,000 gm. 3. The overall outcome is generally favorable, with 67% of the entire group noew deemed developmentally and neurologically normal. 4. Improvement in outcome in the small premature infant seems related to aggressive perinatal care, particularly monitoring of biophysical, biochemical and metabolic factors in the fetus and neonate;

Apgar Score↗
PubMed1977

Polygraphic studies of normal infants during the first six months of life: III. Incidence of apnea and periodic breathing.

The incidence of apnea and periodic breathing was studied in full-term infants between birth and 6 months of age. Apnea was defined as a pause equal to or exceeding six seconds, periodic breathing as two cessations of breathing within a 20-second period, each equal to or longer than three seconds but less than six seconds. Sleep and cardiopulmonary variables were monitored. Apnea was common in the normal full-term infant. The incidence of apnea was highest in the newborn period and apneas exceeding 15 seconds were limited to this age. A reduction in apnea incidence occurred between birth and 3 months of age; thereafter, the incidence remained unchanged. The majority of apneas occurred during active sleep (AS). Few minutes were classified as indeterminate; the number of apneas during these minutes was comparable to those during AS. The incidence of apneas during quiet sleep was low. Periodic breathing remained stable across the ages, occurring primarily in AS. Apnea exceeding 15 seconds in rare in infancy. The tabulation of shorter apnea may be of limited value in identifying infants at risk for abnormal apnea due to extreme variability among infants. The sleep-waking state of the infants must be considered in order to evaluate apnea counts.

Apnea↗
PubMed1976

Clinical application of phototherapy in neonatal jaundice.

Phototherapy is effective in preventing jaundice in the LBW infant. Using the schedule of lights on for 12 hours and off for 12 hours, continuous phototherapy was more effective than intermittent phototherapy. Metabolic requirements of the infant during phototherapy appear to increase. Whether these can be offset by appropriate therapy requires further study. No deleterious long-term effects of phototherapy were found on 2-year follow-up.

Body Weight↗