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Biomedical subjects

J F David

Publications and source records attributed to J F David.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Ureteral meatotomy with local-prototype urethrotome in the management of lower ureteral stones.

Surgical removal of stones impacted in the submucosa of the distal ureter is difficult. A local-prototype visual urethrotome was evaluated for the management of submucosal vesicoureteral stones and as an aid in the removal of a Dormia basket with an entrapped stone impacted in the submucosa of the vesical portion of the ureter. A total of 14 male and 11 female adult patients were included. Fifteen patients required ureteral meatotomy to release the stone. Transurethral ureteral meatotomy is a precise and safe procedure associated with minimal complications when carefully done. Our local-prototype instrument proved to be a simple, economical, and valuable tool.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Pure dysgerminomas of the ovary. Retrospective analysis of 17 cases treated at the Claudius Regaud Center from 1974 to 1989].

From 1974 to 1989, 17 dysgerminomas of the ovary were treated at the Centre Claudius Regaud. The mean age of the patients was 21 years: 53% were FIGO stage IA, 17% were stage IB, 6% were stage IIB and 24% were stage IIIC. Conservative surgery was performed in 13 patients (unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy) and non-conservative surgery was performed in the others patients. 70% of the patients underwent complete resection. Post-operative treatment was administered in every case but one (radiotherapy: 15 patients; combined chemo-radiotherapy: 1 patient). All patients achieved complete remission after the first-line treatment, but 2 of them recurred (1 IA, 1 IIB). A second remission was achieved in both cases. The overall survival rates were 100% at 2 years, 94% at 5 years and 89% at 10 years. The dual objective of curing the patient of her malignant disease while preserving her reproductive function was achieved in 53% of the patients.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1991

65 and 47 kDa forms of estrogen receptor in human breast cancer: relation with estrogen responsiveness.

In breast cancer nearly 40% of estrogen receptor (ER) positive patients do not respond to hormone therapy. As several species of ER have been described, we examined 41 breast cancers for: (1) the presence of ER and progesterone receptor (PR); (2) the molecular weight (Mr) of ER; (3) estrogen responsiveness, appreciated by the ability of a piece of tumor transplanted in nude mice to show an estrogen-induced protein synthesis (PR synthesis). We found that there are: two species of ER with different Mr (65 and 47 kDa), and three species of tumors (36% containing the highest form of ER alone, 49% bearing the two components in variable amounts, and 15% bearing only the minor species). Eleven of these 41 tumors could be assayed for PR synthesis induction, showing that estrogen responsiveness is correlated with the major component. Due to the limited number of samples (11) the data are preliminary, but they strongly suggest that the different forms of ER could exist in the living cell with different functional abilities.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Menetrier's hypertrophic gastritis associated with polyarteritis nodosa].

Case presentation of a 61 year old male who presented with a 3 months' history of anorexia, weight loss, prolonged febrile syndrome, myalgias, peripheral polyneuropathy, abdominal pain, anemia, renal insufficiency, sonographically detected splenomegaly, elevated alkaline phosphatase, hypoproteinemia, sudden drops of the hematocrit, gastric ulcer with negative biopsies for malignancy and where the histological study of the surgical specimen confirmed the diagnosis of Ménétrier's disease or hypertrophic gastritis associated with nodose polyarteritis. The first explains the hypoproteinemia, edema; whereas the second explains the renal insufficiency, peripheral polyneuropathy, fever, skeletal muscle, spleen and liver involvements. The gastric ulcer, blood loss, anorexia, weight loss and abdominal pain can be justified by both diseases. We have been unable to find in the literature any other case of a similar association.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1990

Weak direct proliferative action of estradiol on human endometrial cells in culture.

Since the recognition by Berthois et al. (1986) that phenol red, a pH indicator in culture media, has a weak estrogenic action on breast cancer cells, all previous experiments reporting a lack of mitogenic activity of estrogens in culture were thought to be artefactual, due to the presence of phenol red. With fifteen primary cultures of normal human endometrial cells realized in phenol red free medium we looked at the addition of phenol red and estradiol. Phenol red has a weak mitogenic activity inducing a 20-40% increase in cell number, showing that normal endometrial cells are less sensitive than breast cancer cells. Estradiol also exerts a mitogenic activity with 15-25% more cells, an increase slightly lower than that induced by phenol red. But such an activity can be observed only in the absence of insulin in the medium and the presence of 10% steroid depleted fetal calf serum. If any of these conditions are not respected, estradiol has no effect on cell multiplication. So it can be concluded that estradiol has a weak direct mitogenic activity on human endometrial cells in culture, but this activity is quantitatively beyond measure with the proliferation triggered in vivo by estrogens during the estrous cycle.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1986

[Problems posed by the morphologic demonstration of estrogen receptors].

The different morphological methods that can be used to detect and localize estrogen receptors into the cell are reviewed. Sex steroid receptors measurements are useful for clinicians and studies on breast cancer demonstrated their predictive value in the management of patients. Beside the routinely used radiochemical assay, morphological detection of receptors can be realized by two different ways: an indirect way, using markers of estrogen and its detection when linked to the receptor. One can use radioactive estrogen and autoradiography; fluorescent estrogen and U-V microscope; or anti-estrogen antibody linkage and immunocytodetection. All these methods face two complex problems: the large diffusibility of steroid hormone and their affinity for many other ligands than their specific receptor; a direct way, irrespective of the presence or absence of hormone, using a monoclonal antibody generated against receptor protein from human breast cancer. Using this antibody, estrogen receptors are strictly localized into the nuclei of cells (no cytoplasmic localization). This appears to be the best morphological method and a useful complement of radiochemical assay.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Interaction of estradiol and high density lipoproteins on proliferation of the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 adapted to grow in serum free conditions.

The responsiveness of the human mammary carcinoma cell line MCF-7 to estradiol and tamoxifen treatment has been studied in different culture conditions. Cells from exponentially growing cultures were compared with cells in their initial cycles after replating from confluent cultures ("confluent-log" cells). It has been observed that estradiol stimulation of tritiated thymidine incorporation decreases with cell density and that "confluent-log" cells are estrogen unresponsive for a period of four cell cycles in serum-free medium conditions. On the other hand, growth of cells replated from exponentially growing, as well as from confluent cultures, can be inhibited by tamoxifen or a combined treatment with tamoxifen and the progestin levonorgestrel. This growth inhibitory effect can be rescued by estradiol when cells are replated from exponentially growing cultures. The growth inhibitory effect cannot be rescued by estradiol alone (10(-10) to 10(-8) M) when cells are replated from confluent cultures. In this condition, the addition of steroid depleted serum is necessary to reverse the state of estradiol unresponsiveness. Serum can be replaced by high density lipoproteins but not by low density lipoproteins or lipoprotein deficient serum. The present data show that estradiol and HDL interact in the control of MCF-7 cell proliferation.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1985

Caryometry and nuclear ultrastructure of cultured human breast cancer cells (FAM) after oestradiol administration.

In a breast cancer cell line (FAM) isolated and characterized in our laboratory, we previously observed that oestradiol (E2) did not affect cell multiplication in vitro. In this work, we examined whether these cells bearing oestrogen and progesterone receptors, were oestrogen (E)-sensitive in spite of their lack of growth response. We observed that E2 administration resulted in an increase in protein synthesis characterized by enhancement of progesterone receptors, creatine-phosphokinase and plasminogen activator. Thus these FAm cells were true E-responsive target cells and we studied their nuclear size and ultrastructure to determine if E2 stimulation induced the same important changes as described in vivo. We observed no significant differences between control and E2-treated cells. In these breast cancer cells in vitro, E does not act on DNA-auto-reproduction but only on transcriptional activity. Thus, there is only a limited number of activated genes and no gross nuclear morphological changes. In these cultured oestrogen target cells, ultrastructural nuclear changes are not a marker of hormone action, unlike the situation in vivo where E also acts in triggering cell multiplication.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1985

Oestradiol is effective in stimulating 3H-thymidine incorporation but not on proliferation of breast cancer cultured cells.

The growth of numerous human oestrogen target cell lines is said to have been stimulated by oestradiol. We studied the action of this hormone on the growth of two human cancer cell lines originating from endometrium (GUS), and from breast (FAM). Oestradiol was inactive on endometrial cell multiplication as well as on their tritiated thymidine uptake, but in FAM breast cancer cells, we noticed a discrepancy between tritiated thymidine uptake and actual cell proliferation: there was a 40% increase in DNA precursor uptake, but no change in either the number of cells or in their DNA content, both of which were verified by two different methods. Therefore, an actual increased nuclear (autoradiographic) uptake of thymidine did take place in oestrogenized cells, associated with an increase of incorporation into DNA (a rise of radioactivity in the acid-insoluble materials), but finally there was no greater total DNA increase in the whole treated population than in control cells. Then we examined the metabolism of tritiated thymidine in oestradiol-treated FAM cells. We extracted the radioactive thymine nucleotides and characterized them chromatographically: the oestradiol caused an increase in the labelling of deoxythymine monophosphate (TMP). How these results are consistent with both unmodified cell count and whole DNA content is discussed.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1984

[Results of the transplantation of 2 lines of human endometrial adenocarcinoma into the nude mouse: takes of the graft and true tumors].

Two human endometrial adenocarcinoma cell lines, isolated and routinely cultivated in our laboratory were transplanted into nude mice. MOQ cells, isolated in 1979, are devoid of estrogen (E) receptors; GUS cells, isolated in 1981, are bearing E and progesterone receptors. Cell inoculation was realized in 504 nude mice in various conditions (male or female mice, pre or post puberal, normal or castrated, with or without E supplementation). The aim of these experiments was to establish cell tumorigenicity and to compare growth characteristics in vivo and in vitro. Our results show that the age of the mice and of the cells is important for the "take" of the injected cells. Young mice seem to possess thymo-independent graft resistance stronger than old mice; "young cells", near re-cultivation from a nude mice tumour, are more tumorigenic than "old" cells, always cultivated in vitro from the time of first explantation. There is also evidence that E improve the "take" of the cells in the two cell lines, regardless of the presence of E receptors. This is suggesting of an indirect action of E on tumour growth. Finally, the most striking result is the fact that castration is the decisive factor leading to true tumours, suggesting direct growth stimulation by hypophyseal factors.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

[Estradiol and 3 H-thymidine incorporation in cultured human cancer cells (breast-endometrium)].

Nuclear incorporation of 3 H-Thymidine is widely used as a measure of DNA synthesis and cell proliferation. We have studied by this way the growth-stimulating action of estrogens on a human breast cancer cell line (FAM). We have observed discrepancies between 3 H-Thymidine incorporation and true cell proliferation: after estradiol treatment, we have noted increased incorporation of DNA precursor but no change in the cell number. Our preliminary results show that there was no increase of the size of nuclei, no increase of the DNA content. So, there is a need for a cell number control of results recording a growth promoting activity when only based on 3 H-Thymidine incorporation. A biochemical explanation of this discrepancy is submitted.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

[Embryologic origin of salivary inclusions in the parotid lymph nodes].

Epithelial salivary ducts included in the lymphoïd tissue are sometimes recognized in the lymph nodes of an adult parotid region. These salivary inclusions into the nodes are in fact constant features of the foetal parotid gland. They arise by progressive development of a lymph node in a salivary lobula: lymphoid cells progressively stuff the lobula and choke the epithelial ducts. So, these salivary inclusions must not be qualified as ectopic.

Fetus↗