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Biomedical subjects

J F Halvorsen

Publications and source records attributed to J F Halvorsen.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Development of sequence specific radioimmunoassay of human parathyroid hormone and its use in the diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism.

Two antisera which were raised against bovine parathyroid hormone (bPTH), and which cross-reacted with the human hormone, have been characterized. The antisera which originated from rooster and guinea-pig, were found to contain several populations of antibodies directed against both N-terminal and C-terminal sequences of the hormone. However, at proper dilutions the rooster antiserum did not bind the N-terminal fragment nor could this fragment displace the [125I] bPTH (1--84 amino acid residue) from binding to the antiserum. Furthermore, preincubation experiments with excess N-terminal fragment showed only a negligible reduction in maximal binding of the iodinated intact hormone using the rooster antiserum. In contrast, the guinea-pig antiserum reacted equally well with the N-terminal fragment and the intact hormone, and preincubation with this fragment reduced the binding of the [125I]bPTH (1--84 amino acid residues) by 75%. Gel filtration of hyperparathyroid serum on Bio-Gel P-60 showed immunoreactive material which was measured with both antisera, eluting at a position similar to the intact hormone. However, in the C-terminal specific, but not in the N-terminal specific radioimmunoassay the major component eluted together with or somewhat earlier than the N-terminal bPTH fragment (1--34 amino acid residue), and this peak represented more than 90% of total immunoreactive PTH (iPTH) in serum. This major iPTH component must therefore represent fragment(s) with intact carboxy-terminal sequences. The N-terminal specific radioimmunoassay was unable to measure iPTH in about 80--90% of healthy individuals while the C-terminal specific assay detected iPTH in about 88% of these sera (equal to or above 0.1 micrograms/l). Similarly, the N-terminal specific antiserum measured consistently lower serum iPTH concentrations in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. In thirty-four out of forty-one patients with surgically verified primary hyperparathyroidism, serum iPTH concentrations equal to or above 0.60 micrograms/l were demonstrated using the C-terminal, specific radioimmunoassay.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

The continent reservoir ileostomy: review of a collective series of thirty-six patients from three surgical departments.

A reservoir ileostomy was created in 36 patients. Three patients died from septic complications in the postoperative period, and one patient died from rectal carcinoma during the observation period. In six patients the reservoirs were removed during the observation period because of nipple-valve extrusion, nonspecific ileitis of the reservoir, or recurrence of Crohn's disease. Complications from the reservoir and its outlet were quite frequent and included fistula formation in eight patients, nipple-valve extrusion in 12 patients, nonspecific ileitis of the reservoir in five patients, and stenosis of the nipple in one patient. Malabsorption of vitamin B12 and fat due to a stagnant loop syndrome was found in four of seven patients examined for this. Fifteen patients underwent 25 reoperations for complications from the reservoir and its outlet. Twenty-six patients still have their reservoirs. Twenty-five of them are continent. They do not wear external appliances and they empty their reservoirs with a tube two to five times daily. One patient is incontinent due to an unrepaired nipple-valve extrusion.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Stagnant loop syndrome in patients with continent ileostomy (intra-abdominal ileal reservoir).

Intestinal absorption and bacteriology of the ileal contents were compared in seven patients with continent ileostomy and seven patients with conventional ileostomy. The absorption of vitamin B12 was reduced in five patients with continent ileostomy and subnormal in two patients with conventional ileostomy. Steatorrhoea was present in four patients with continent and one patient with conventional ileostomy. Increased concentrations of total anaerobic bacteria and Bacteroides were found in the ileum of the patients with continent ileostomy. After an oral dose of (1-14C) glycocholic acid there was no difference in the faecal excretion of radioactivity, whereas the 14CO2-expiration was increased in two patients with continent ileostomy. In four patients with continent ileostomy and malabsorption of B12, there was evidence of a stagnant loopsyndrome as oral lincomycin treatment resulted in increased absorption of B12 decreased excretion of faecal fat, and decreased concentrations of Bacteroides in the ileum.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Highly selective vagotomy in the treatment of duodenal ulcer in a teaching hospital. A one-to-three year follow-up relating results to the number of operating surgeons, their surgical experience, and training conditions.

In the present series, highly selective vagotomy (HSV) was used in the treatment of duodenal ulcer and the patients were followed up 1 to 3 years after operation. Three months after operation, 57% of the patients had positive insulin tests (early and late positive). Ulcer recurrence rate was approximately 6.5%, whereas 18% of the results were judged to be therapeutic failures. The operations were done during the period of introduction of the method in a general surgical department of a teaching hospital, when the enthusiasm was great and the experience of the individual surgeon with HSV was small. The moderately poor results in this series are thought to be due to too many surgeons operating on a rather limited number of patients. Unrelated to this situation, a statistically significant increase in the frequency of positive insulin tests during the observation period was found, giving an incidence of 80% positive tests 2 years after the operation.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Visceral ischaemia following coeliac- and superior mesenteric artery occlusion. Report of a case.

A patient with acute ischaemia of the abdominal organs after coeliac- and superior mesenteric artery occlusion is reported. Following vascular reconstruction and resection of gangrenous colon and ileum the main early postoperative problem was hepatic failure. A grave malabsorption syndrome developed necessitating periodic i.v. hyperalimentation. The patient showed no improvement of intestinal function and died 5 months postoperatively from peritonitis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1975

Two-stage occulsion of the protal vein in the rat:survival related to weight variation and the interval between partial and total occulusion.

A portal vein stenosis with a diameter of 1.1 mm was performed in female Wistar rats of four different weight groups. The mortality rate was found to increase with increasing weight of the animals, a near linear correlation between mortality rate and body weight being found. Severe circulatory disturbances of the small intestine with haemorrhage and necrosis of the bowel wall were a prominent finding at death. In the survivors total occulsion was carried out at varying times, from 48 h after the first operation, and the mortality rates were recorded. A major contributing cause of death appeared to be ischaemic infarction of the liver. Only a slight congestion of the duodenum was found and no circulatory disturbance of the small intestine. Thus by 48 h the porto-systemic collaterals are sifficiently developed to prevent subsequent venous congestion. The survival rates showed a significant increase when the time interval between partial and total occlusion was extended from 48 to 72 h. This may be due to an increased blood flow through the hepatic artery and collateral arteries to the liver.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Suture line ulcers after gastric surgery.

Four cases of suture line ulcers after gastric surgery caused by nonabsorbable suture material are presented. The literature is reviewed, and a plea ia made for the use of absorbable suture materials in gastrointestinal surgery.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The "Barrett syndrome" (the columnar-lined lower oesophagus): an acquired condition secondary to reflux oesophagitis. A case report with discussion of pathogenesis.

A case of the "Barrett syndrome" in a patient with severe ulcerating reflux oesophagitis is reported. Evidence indicating that it is an acquired condition caused by reflux of bile-contaminated gastric juice is presented. The "Barrett ulcer" and the oesophagitis healed following a partial gastrectomy with a Roux-en Y gastrojejunostomy. The substitution of the squamous epithelium of the lower 15 cm of the oesophagus by columnar epithelium of cardia type is apparently irreversible.

Esophageal Stenosis↗
PubMed1975

Volvulus of the right colon. A review of 30 cases with special reference to late results of various surgical procedures.

A series of 30 patients with volvulus of the right colon is reviewed. The patients were followed up 1-25 years after treatment, and the late results after various surgical procedures were assessed. There were no recurrences after hemicolectomy. Detorsion without caecoplexy showed the same late result as that found in patients treated conservatively. The late result of detorsion with caecopexy was intermediate between those achieved with hemicolectomy and detorsion without caecopexy.

Adult↗