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Biomedical subjects

J F Orr

Publications and source records attributed to J F Orr.

47 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

External fixation in contemporary fracture management.

Important advances have been made within the last two decades in the field of fracture management. The development of the AO internal fixation system and the advances in cast bracing techniques are but two of the improvements worthy of mention. It is, however, in the field of external fixation of fractures that the greatest advances have been made. This paper traces the history of external fixation up to the present day and discusses, with examples, the application of external fixation in the management of complex limb fractures.

Fracture Fixation↗
PubMed1984

Upper limb weakness in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy--a neglected problem.

The problems of upper limb weakness in young people with Duchenne muscular dystrophy are not generally appreciated. In a series of 12 young people it was found that the strengths of the shoulder and elbow muscles were approximately 4% of those of a normal control group. A counterweight and a motorised system of arm suspension is described which permits the young person to make proper use of their arms.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Images from Waves--photoelastic modelling of bones. 8th Samuel Haughton Lecture, Bioengineering Section of Royal Academy of Medicine in Ireland. January 2002.

BACKGROUND: This paper cites the development of the principles of photoelastic stress analysis, contemporary to the life of Samuel Haughton. Subsequent studies of bone and joint replacements are discussed, with reference to hypotheses regarding bone, including the coincidence of trabecular structure with principal stresses. Issues regarding assumptions of homogeneous and isotropic properties in photoelastic modelling are acknowledged. AIM: Awareness of photoelastic methods is often through the visual appeal of the coloured fringe patterns. The aim of this paper is to complement this awareness by demonstration of the quantitative analyses that may be conducted through biomechanical examples. METHODS: Examples of new pseudo three-dimensional model analyses are presented together with a method for photoelastic study of cancellous bone, which entails novel procedures for preparation of replicate models and for optical evaluation of fringes. CONCLUSION: Photoelastic analysis offers novel solutions to studies in biomechanics, which are facilitated by contemporary modelling materials.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Modelling medical devices: the application of bioengineering in surgery.

Medical device technology has an increasingly important role in surgical procedures. In this article, five case studies of bioengineering in surgery are described as follows: computer-aided design of vascular grafts; middle-ear prostheses; hip prosthesis stems for optimal cement pressurisation; prototype development of a device for measurement of abdominal sounds for monitoring digestive tract activity and a hand-access device for laparoscopic surgery. In each case, new bioengineering design methodologies are demonstrated. The general principles underlying the application of bioengineering in surgery are discussed.

Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip↗