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Biomedical subjects

J G Buckley

Publications and source records attributed to J G Buckley.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

An evaluation of the changes in maxillary pulpal blood flow associated with orthognathic surgery.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of the Laser Döppler Flowmeter (LDF) in the measurement of pulpal blood flow following orthognathic surgery and to conduct an initial study of the effects of a Le Fort I osteotomy on the pulpal blood flow of the maxillary central incisors. The design consisted of a preliminary prospective controlled consecutive clinical trial undertaken at the Orthodontic Clinic, University Dental Hospital NHS Trust, Wales, 1994. The study group consisted of 15 consecutive patients who were to receive a standard advancement Le Fort I osteotomy. Seven patients who were to undergo a mandibular advancement only acted as a control. A further 20 separate patients participated in a study for the assessment of measurement error. The blood flow in relative perfusion unit v. time, was measured using a Laser Döppler Flowmeter. Measurement error for flowmeter recordings with hand-held application and custom-made splint support showed no consistent difference or significant random variation between the two methods for holding the probe against the teeth (pooled S.D. of reproducibility 1/1 = 1.91/1.39 for custom splint location as opposed to 0.96/1.07 for hand-held/fixed bracket location). For the surgical patients under investigation no significant differences for maxillary pulpal blood flow were found in the control group (mandibular osteotomy) over time. However, in the maxillary osteotomy patients there was a tendency for an initial rise in the maxillary perfusion post-surgery as measured at the central incisor pulps, followed by an overall reduction at 6 months. As an example, the mean value for the upper right central showed a significant increase in blood flow during the immediate post-operative period (P < 0.05), but at 6 months after surgery demonstrated a statistically significant overall reduction in comparison with the presurgical reading (P < 0.001). The laser Döppler flowmeter is not an easy instrument to use in the clinical assessment of pulpal blood flow. However, it would appear from these longitudinal series of readings, taken over a 6-month period on 15 patients, that the maxillary perfusion recorded at the central incisor pulps may be permanently affected in many Le Fort I osteotomy patients. For patients that already have a prejudiced blood supply this could lead to devitalization and discoloration of incisors. It is not known if this affect on the perfusion of the pulp continues beyond 6 months post-surgery.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1997

Energy cost of walking: comparison of "intelligent prosthesis" with conventional mechanism.

OBJECTIVE: To determine physiological energy cost with Blatchford's "Intelligent Prosthesis" (IP) compared to energy cost with a conventional pneumatic swing phase control (PSPC) mechanism. DESIGN: Before-After trial: subjects fitted with IP walked on programmable treadmill at speeds: 6 min slow, 6 min fast, 8 min while speed changed, between slow, normal, and fast, every minute, and 6 min normal. Breath-by-breath analysis of subject's expired air determined average Vo2 (L/min) within each period. Procedure repeated after 1-week interval using PSPC prosthesis. Testing sessions supervised by experienced prosthetist. SETTING: Rehabilitation centre. SUBJECTS: Volunteer sample. Three men, unilateral transfemoral traumatic amputee patients, ages 39 to 59 years. Normally used ischial containment socket, Blatchford Endolite Stabilised Stance Flex knee with PSPC and Multiflex foot and ankle. INTERVENTIONS: Fitting, programming, and alignment of IP (own socket) by Bioengineering Unit's resident prosthetist, IP's microprocessor programmed to facilitate five walking speeds. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Physiological energy cost (Vo2), of using IP compared to using PSPC mechanism. RESULTS: Two subjects displayed reduced Vo2 of between 5.6% and 9.0% using IP compared to PSPC prosthesis at a pace either faster or slower than their normal pace. Third subject showed no significant change in oxygen consumption despite IP unit being heavier. All subjects displayed reduced Vo2 (averaging 4.1%) using IP for period of variable speed walking. CONCLUSIONS: Although differences were small, they tend to indicate that use of the heavier IP unit lowered the energy cost of walking at speeds other than the amputee's normal pace.

Amputees↗
PubMed1997

Temporalis fascia grafts shrink.

Temporalis fascia, placed as an underlay graft, is commonly used to repair tympanic membrane perforations. Graft failure, however, is a well recognized complication. Grafts are often allowed to dry out during the procedure and, therefore, are often positioned in a dry or partially dehydrated state and only become fully rehydrated after placement. This study looked at how the size of the temporalis fascia alters with its state of hydration. The size of 20 temporalis fascia grafts was measured when fresh, after flattening and allowing them to dry, and finally after rehydrating the grafts with 0.9 per cent saline solution. Significant shrinkage was demonstrated. It is therefore proposed that a cause of increased failure rates, particularly in anterior myringoplasties, is loss of underlay due to graft rehydration and shrinkage. Thus graft shrinkage should be considered when positioning the graft.

Dehydration↗
PubMed1995

The location and tracking of swallowed dental appliances: the role of radiology.

Two cases of swallowing mishaps, one involving a spoon-denture and the other an orthodontic partial arch wire, are reported. The former was recovered following interventional radiology, the latter by proctoscopy. The role of radiographic investigation and possible measures to prevent such potential life-threatening emergencies are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

A critique of bond strength testing in orthodontics.

The literature contains a large number of publications on in vitro bond strength testing of materials used in orthodontics. The results are often quoted by manufacturers to support their products. Little attention has been paid to the detail of the test procedures used. However, a review of the literature revealed a large variation in the methods used for bond strength testing in orthodontics making comparison of papers difficult and often impossible. The case for a possible standard technique is suggested. It is hoped that this will lead to more meaningful testing of new products, which will produce more reliable guidance for the clinical orthodontist.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Villous adenoma of the common bile duct.

A villous adenoma of the common bile duct (CBD) causing obstructive jaundice was demonstrated by sonography and ERCP in a 34-year-old man. The radiological and clinical features of this rare tumor are herein presented.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1992

Late onset renal allograft anastomotic pseudoaneurysm with absent Doppler signal.

A large extrarenal pseudoaneurysm, originating from the arterial anastomosis of a renal allograft, occurred spontaneously 7 years after transplantation in a 29-year-old diabetic patient. Although the scintigraphic examination was diagnostic of a pseudoaneurysm, pulsed Doppler and color coded Doppler ultrasound failed to demonstrate a Doppler signal, suggesting erroneously a nonvascular fluid collection. The role of scintigraphy combined with duplex ultrasound in this rare but potentially fatal complication of renal transplantation is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Serendipitous scintigraphic detection of asymptomatic anastomotic pseudoaneurysms in human pancreatic allografts.

Two cases of scintigraphically detected asymptomatic graft anastomotic pseudoaneurysms are reported. Both patients previously underwent simultaneous renal and pancreatic transplantation. The role of imaging in the diagnosis of this relatively rare, but potentially lethal, vascular complication of pancreatic transplantation is discussed. This is the first report of anastomotic pseudoaneurysms in pancreatic transplants being diagnosed by scintigraphy.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Does post-operative nasal packing cause nocturnal oxygen desaturation?

Previous studies have shown an increased frequency and duration of apnoeic episodes during sleep when the nose is occluded. The aim of this study was to ascertain whether oxygen desaturation occurs with nasal occlusion by post-operative packing. Continuous digital pulse oximetry was carried out before and after submucous resection of the nasal septum in 17 otherwise healthy patients. Post-operative nasal packing produced a statistically significant change in oxygen saturation during sleep. The change was, however, of such small magnitude that it is unlikely to be clinically significant.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Submucous resection of the nasal septum as an outpatient procedure.

We report our experience of submucous resection of the nasal septum under local anaesthesia as an outpatient procedure. We have audited 50 consecutive cases and compared the results with a similar group of patients in whom the operation was carried out in the usual way under general anaesthesia. We have found the procedure to be safe, effective and economically advantageous.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Ventilation tube insertion under local anesthesia.

A new technique for tympanocentesis and grommet insertion using local anesthetic is described. Its routine application in suitable patients will greatly simplify the management of ventilation tube insertion in the modern health care system.

Anesthesia, Local↗
PubMed1990

Adenoidal hypertrophy as the presenting feature of HIV infection.

A case of symptomatic recurrent adenoidal hypertrophy, as the presenting feature of HIV infection in a haemophiliac child, is reported. The incidence of non-malignant nasopharyngeal lymphoid hyperplasia in HIV infection is examined and the relevance of the histological appearance is discussed in relation to progression of disease.

Adenoids↗
PubMed1990

Electrocochleography: a new technique.

The near field monitoring of an auditory evoked response from the cochlear (electrocochleography) is a tried and trusted clinical tool. Conventional techniques for performing electrocochleography are cumbersome to use and frequently uncomfortable for the patient. We present a simple, modified technique which provides more flexibility with regard to where and when electrocochleography may be performed and also improves patient comfort during the test.

Audiometry, Evoked Response↗
PubMed1990

Unterberger stepping test: a useful indicator of peripheral vestibular dysfunction?

Deviation of gait in a stepping test has been proposed as a useful indicator of peripheral labyrinthine dysfunction. A prospective study of 26 patients suspected of having uncompensated peripheral labyrinthine dysfunction and 49 normal patients with normal labyrinthine dysfunction showed no significant difference in performance of the Unterberger stepping test between patients with electronystagmographically significant canal paresis and those with normal vestibular function.

Adult↗