PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J Grellet

Publications and source records attributed to J Grellet.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

CT renal planimetry: effectiveness in the evaluation of individual renal function.

Computed tomographic (CT) renal planimetry was used to study individual renal function in 32 adult patients with urologic disease. CT results were well-correlated to reference methods (r = 0.88, P < 0.001), which were radionuclide studies (N = 9) or separate creatinine clearance (N = 23). The difference between planimetric data and reference methods did not exceed 14% in any case and was less than 10% in 26 cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Gd-DOTA: evaluation of its renal tolerance in patients with chronic renal failure.

Gd-DOTA is an intravenous contrast medium used in MRI. The clinical and biological tolerance of Gd-DOTA was studied in patients with chronic renal failure (e.g., those having a glomerular filtration rate of less than 60 mL/min). Twenty patients were randomized into two groups. In the control group, spin-echo (SE) T1- and T2-weighted images of the kidneys were obtained without injection of Gd-DOTA. In the DOTA-group, patients received 0.1 mmol/kg of Gd-DOTA. SE T1-weighted images were obtained before and after injections; a T2-weighted sequence was performed before injection. Clinical data, serum creatinine, and laboratory parameters were estimated before, and 24 and 48 hr after MRI. No adverse reaction was reported after injection of Gd-DOTA. Mean serum creatinine and glomerular filtration rate remained unchanged in both groups. For five patients in the control group and three patients in the DOTA-group the serum creatinine levels increased more than 10% and less than 25%. No evidence of nephrotoxicity was observed with Gd-DOTA in patients with chronic renal failure.

Contrast Media↗
PubMed1992

[Contrast media in hepatic MRI].

This article is a review of the current commercial MR contrast media (gadolinium chelates) and of the products that are not yet on the market and are under trial in man (super-magnetic iron oxides, manganese compounds) or only in animals (ferric chelate, liposomes containing gadolinium compounds, gadolinium chelate/human serum albumin compounds, hepatic asialoglycoprotein receptors).

Contrast Media↗
PubMed1992

[Prospective study of echography versus phlebography in the detection of sural venous thrombosis].

Among all noninvasive techniques, high-resolution ultrasonography used alone has rarely been used for the diagnosis of thrombosis in the calf. Nineteen patients with suspected AVT were examined with ultrasonography and phlebography during 4 months. For each patient, a sonogram and a phlebogram were taken within less than 24 hours and interpreted independently. The sonographic exploration with a high-resolution (5 MHz) transducer covers all deep trunks and muscular veins (soleus or gastrocnemius muscles). The positivity criterion is the persistence of a hypoechogenic endoluminal image under moderate compression. According to the phlebographic data, 65% of the patients present with thrombosis. Ultrasonography has a sensitivity of 95% and a specificity of 99% for the study of the deep trunks. Ultrasonography screens more thromboses than phlebography (23 cases versus 17). On a whole, ultrasonography seems to be more sensitive than phlebography for the diagnosis of recent sural thrombosis.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

[High-resolution MRI of the carpal tunnel. Anatomical correlations].

This anatomical study of the carpal tunnel compares magnetic resonance imaging sections and adult and fetal anatomical sections. The MRI studies were carried out in 12 normal controls. The use of an experimental high resolution module allows achieving as high a degree of spatial resolution as 0.13 mm2. The comparison of MR images with anatomical sections allows a very accurate analysis of the contents of the carpal tunnel, especially of the median nerve, of the flexor tendons and of the flexor retinaculum.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

MRI of liver tumors using gadolinium-DOTA: prospective study comparing spin-echo long TR-te sequence and CT.

Thirty-nine patients with liver tumors were examined using MRI at 0.5 T before and after intravenous bolus injection of either 0.1 mmol/kg (n = 18) or 0.2 mmol/kg (n = 21) of Gadolinium-Dota, using spin-echo T1-and T2-weighted sequences before injections and spin-echo or gradient-echo sequences after injection. When contrast-to-noise (C/N) data were normalized relative to time, optimal mean C/N was observed after gadolinium injection. However, subjective study and case-by-case C/N measurement showed better contrast for SE 2000/60 and CT with injection in 62% and 42% of cases, respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Effects of perindopril on left ventricular hypertrophy, coronary blood flow, and mechanical properties of cardiac muscle in renovascular hypertensive rats.

We studied the effects of perindopril on left ventricular hypertrophy, systemic and coronary hemodynamics, and mechanical cardiac performance in renovascular hypertensive rats (Goldblatt, two-kidneys, one-clip). Systemic and coronary hemodynamics, before and after carbochrome infusion, were assessed by radioactive microspheres injection via an atrial catheter in conscious rats. Mechanical performance was measured on isolated papillary muscle from the same animal. Twelve treated hypertensive rats were compared with 10 nontreated hypertensive rats and nine sham-operated normotensive rats of the same age. Perindopril treatment induced a complete control of blood pressure (mean blood pressure from 156 +/- 22 mm Hg in the untreated group to 100 +/- 24 mm Hg in the treated group (P less than .01), compared to 106 +/- 18 mm Hg in the sham group). This was associated with a nearly complete regression of left ventricular hypertrophy (left ventricular mass/body weight 2.26 +/- 0.38 mg/g in the treated group v 3.1 +/- 0.6 in the untreated group [P less than .01], compared to 2 +/- 0.25 mg/g in the sham group [p = NS]). Minimal left ventricular coronary resistances after carbochrome were slightly higher in the hypertensive group compared both to sham and treated group. A reversal of impaired myocardial mechanical parameters towards control values was observed, except for some parameters of relaxation. We conclude that perindopril allows in this model a complete control of blood pressure, and a regression of left ventricular hypertrophy with normalization of coronary hemodynamics and contractile function.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed1991

Nicardipine and cardiac hypertrophy: effects on left ventricular mass. Haemodynamics and mechanical performance in renovascular hypertensive rats.

SUBJECT OBJECTIVE: The aim was to determine the effects of nicardipine treatment (10-15 mg.kg-1.d-1 intraperitoneal) on left ventricular hypertrophy, coronary haemodynamics, and mechanical performance in renovascular hypertensive rats. DESIGN: Systemic and coronary haemodynamic variables were evaluated by using microspheres in conscious rats, while mechanical performance and elasticity were measured on isolated papillary muscles from the same animals. EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats, weight 150-180 g, were used. Nine treated rats were compared with control groups, consisting of 9 sham operated, 12 untreated hypertensive, and 9 nephrectomised rats. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Eight weeks after clipping, removal of the ischaemic kidney allowed the normalisation of ventricular mass and the reversal of changes induced by hypertrophy except prolongation of timing parameters. Nicardipine administration led to an efficient but incomplete control of blood pressure, which fell from 208(SEM 5) mm Hg in untreated hypertensive rats to 155(4) mm Hg in treated rats, p less than 0.01. After eight weeks of treatment, the reduction in left ventricular mass, from 3.10(0.10) mg.g-1 in untreated rats to 2.72(0.018) mg.g-1 in treated rats was significant (p less than 0.01) but was less than the pressure decrease. In treated hypertensive rats, coronary blood flow was increased and redistributed at rest in favour of the subepicardial layers but was significantly reduced after maximum vasodilatation, to 1.618(0.077) litre.min-1.100 g, in nicardipine treated rats. A reversal of impaired myocardial mechanical indices towards control values was observed except for time to peak force and time to half relaxation. CONCLUSIONS: Nicardipine treatment allowed blood pressure control, reduction of left ventricular mass, and improvement in mechanical performance, but was unable to restore minimal coronary vascular resistance. The results suggest that, although blood pressure decrease is obviously important, it may not be the sole factor in the reversal of cardiac hypertrophy.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Nephrotoxicity of contrast media in high-risk patients with renal insufficiency: comparison of low- and high-osmolar contrast agents.

We have compared the renal effects of ioxitalamate, ioxaglate, and iopamidol in patients with chronic renal failure. Sixty consecutive patients with an estimated creatinine clearance (ECRCl) less than 60 ml/min were randomly assigned to receive either ioxitalamate, iopamidol, or ioxaglate. All patients received 500 cm3 isotonic saline before the procedure. Serum creatinine and ECRCl were estimated before, 1 and 2 or 3 days after the procedure. There was no statistical difference between the three groups with respect to age, sex, weight, renal function, amount of iodine, and type of procedure. Mean serum creatinine and ECRCl remained unchanged after administration of contrast media. No patient had nephrotoxicity or acute oliguria requiring dialysis as a result of the administration of contrast material. The number of patients with an increase in the serum creatinine level greater than 10% from the basal value did not differ in the treatment groups. The maximal increases in serum creatinine were 52 mumol/l (29%) in the ioxitalamate group, 56 mumol/l (18%) in the ioxaglate group, and 57 mumol/l (23%) in the iopamidol group (p = NS). Using a population carefully randomized and matched for renal insufficiency, we could not show any differences in nephrotoxicity between these three contrast agents. Clinically serious renal impairment was uncommon in our study, regardless of the contrast agent used. However, the interpretation of these favorable findings requires a cautionary note. All patients in this study were well hydrated before and after uro-/angiography, and none had a recent renal injury or a treatment with a nephrotoxic agent that would predispose to injury from contrast material.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[The role of imaging in the diagnosis of complications in patients with artificial urinary sphincter].

The artificial urinary sphincters are implanted to treat some urinary incontinence. Abdominal plain films allow the checking of the function of the cuff; the diameter of the pressure regulating balloon can be appreciated by ultrasound or plain film. The main complications (bending of the tubules, leak, urethral erosion, rupture of the cuff) and their radiological diagnosis are described.

Bioprosthesis↗
PubMed1991

[Diagnosis of early complications of the transplanted kidney by pulsed Doppler].

Thirty four patients with advanced renal insufficiency and after kidney transplantation have been prospectively studied using pulsed wave doppler. The doppler flows were evaluated using an index of resistance. The index of resistance varies proportionally with the peripheral resistances. This study showed in 14 patients without symptoms a mean index of resistance equal to 0.71 +/- 0.087. During acute rejection, the mean index of resistance increases to 0.91 +/- 0.12 (p less than 0.01). Seven patients with acute tubular necrosis and an index of resistance equal to 1 (p less than 0.01). There is no increase of the indices of resistance in patients with cytomegalovirus infection or with overdosed cyclosporin treatment. The pulsed wave doppler has a very good sensitivity to diagnose the acute rejection (90%) and acute tubular necrosis (100%) but cannot differentiate them. However, the repetition of systematic examinations allows the early diagnosis of acute rejection and the follow-up of the vascularization of anuric kidneys related to tubulopathy.

Female↗
PubMed1990

MR imaging of adult Wilms' tumor: correlation with US, CT, and pathology.

The magnetic resonance (MR) features of an adult nephroblastoma are presented. The MR appearance is correlated with ultrasound (US), computed tomographic (CT) and pathology. The tumor appeared heterogeneous with calcifications and areas of necrosis and hemorrhage. MR correctly staged the tumor.

Adult↗