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Biomedical subjects

J Guzman

Publications and source records attributed to J Guzman.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

DNA cytophotometric analysis of breast cancer. Follow-up for 10 years.

Forty-four cases of newly diagnosed invasive ductal breast cancer were studied by static cytometry at the time of diagnosis and were followed for 10 years to determine if the survival rate correlated with the nuclear DNA measurements. In 22 cases the stem line was in the 2c range, in 15 cases in the 3c range and in 7 cases in the 4c range. Thirty-four percent (n = 15) of the patients died of metastases during the first five years, 11% (n = 5) died of metastases between 5 and 10 years, and 55% (n = 24) survived for > 10 years without metastases. No correlation between increased tumor cell proliferation and recurrence of tumors could be found. In this study all patients with diploid tumors, tumor size T1 and negative lymph node status survived for > 10 years. In the presence of node metastasis (T1N1M0) all patients (n = 4) having tumors with the stem line in the 2c range survived for 5 years but only 2/4 for > 10 years. The percentage of patients surviving for 10 years showed no significant differences between the groups: in the 2c range, 59% (13/22); in the 3c range, 53% (8/15); and in the 4c range, 43% (3/7). The small number of cases does not allow definitive statistical conclusions, although the logistic regression analyses showed that stem line, pT and pN were the important prognostic factors for five-year survival. However, only pT and especially pN were of prognostic value for 10-year survival.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1992

Effect of storage time of pleural effusions on immunocytochemical cell surface analysis of tumor cells.

To determine how long tumor cells can be stored without losing their immunocytochemical reactivity, five malignant pleural effusions in EDTA-coated tubes were analyzed after different storage times at either 4 degrees C or room temperature. Only minor differences were observed between the cells from the two storage conditions. Though there was a considerable decrease in the number of tumor cells attached to the slides from day 0 to 1, the number of tumor cells was still sufficient to allow their clear detection with the monoclonal antibody HEA-125 even on day 4 of storage in all cases. Therefore, for routine purposes, pleural fluids in EDTA-coated tubes can be stored for at least one day prior to immunocytochemical staining if the cells are gently handled during preparation. Pleural fluid is a richly nutritious medium not only for keeping cells alive but also for preserving their immunoreactivity.

Antigens, Neoplasm↗
PubMed1992

Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP): the cytological and immunocytological profile of bronchoalveolar lavage.

The cytological and immunocytological profile of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was studied in 10 patients with idiopathic bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) and compared with the data in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) (n = 22), chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (CEP) (n = 9), and extrinsic allergic alveolitis (EAA) (n = 24). Lymphocyte subsets were enumerated using an immunoperoxidase slide assay. The BAL pattern in BOOP patients was characterized by several features: 1) colorful cell differentials with an increase in all cell types, most markedly in lymphocytes, and more moderately in neutrophils, eosinophils and mast cells, as well as the presence of foamy macrophages and, occasionally, of plasma cells; 2) decreased CD4/CD8 ratio; 3) normal percentage of CD57+ cells; and 4) increase in activated T-cells in terms of human leucocyte antigen-DR (HLA-DR) expression, and occasionally also interleukin-2 receptor (CD25) expression. The findings were most similar to those in EAA except for the CD25 expression, which was always normal, and the CD57+ cells, which were increased in EAA. The increase in lymphocytes discriminated best between BOOP and IPF. The eosinophils were significantly higher in CEP than in BOOP with little overlap. In conclusion, BAL may be of value to distinguish between BOOP and other interstitial lung disease.

Alveolitis, Extrinsic Allergic↗
PubMed1991

Human carbonyl and aldose reductases: new catalytic functions in tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis.

New catalytic functions of human carbonyl- and aldose reductase in tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis are proposed. 6-Pyruvoyl tetrahydropterin, an intermediate in the biosynthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin, was converted to 6-lactoyl tetrahydropterin and 1'-hydroxy-2'-oxopropyl tetrahydropterin by carbonyl reductase under anaerobic condition. 1'-Hydroxy-2'-oxopropyl tetrahydropterin was subsequently metabolized to tetrahydrobiopterin by aldose reductase. Based on these results alternative pathways for the synthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin in patients with genetic defects of sepiapterin reductase are suggested.

Alcohol Oxidoreductases↗
PubMed1991

Malignant lymphoma in pleural effusions: an immunocytochemical cell surface analysis.

Nine malignant pleural effusions due to lymphoma were immunocytochemically analyzed with the peroxidase-antiperoxidase adhesive slide assay for detection of cell surface antigens using a broad panel of monoclonal antibodies. The study population included one case of hairy-cell leukemia; four cases of B cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL), low malignant grade; two cases of B-NHL, high malignant grade; one case of Hodgkin's disease; and one case of plasmacytoma. In the cases of B cell lymphoma, high percentages of B cells with monoclonal staining for kappa were found. In hairy-cell leukemia, the hairy cells reacted with the monoclonal antibodies CD20, CD25, HLA-DR, CD45, and HLA-1. In Hodgkin's disease, the Hodgkin cells reacted with CD15, CD20, CD25, CD30, Tü9, and OKT9. The plasmacytoma case showed tumor cells negative for CD20, HLA-DR, and CD45; partially positive for CD38; positive for HLA-1; monoclonally positive for lambda; and negative for heavy-chain immunoglobulins. The analysis of nonmalignant lymphocyte subpopulations revealed CD4/CD8 ratios similar to those in effusions of other etiologies. The percentages of natural killer cells (Leu-7-positive and CD16-positive) were small and also similar to percentages in effusions of other etiologies. We conclude that immunocytochemical analysis of pleural effusions allows a clear recognition of B lymphoma cells and also of Hodgkin and hairy cells and that the distribution of nonmalignant lymphocyte subsets is indistinguishable from those found in other malignant and nonmalignant effusions.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

[Immunocytochemical characterization of malignant pleural effusions of small cell bronchial cancer].

In pleural effusions, histologically proven to be malignant in 13 patients with small cell lung cancer, the immunocytological profile of tumour cells, together with the distribution of the lymphocyte subpopulations, were established. In all cases, tumor cells were demonstrable with the monoclonal antibodies EMA, HEA-125, Sam 2, 6, 8 and 10. In contrast, conventional cytology was positive in only 6 of the 13 cases. As in other malignant or inflammatory effusions, phenotyping of the lymphocytes revealed an elevated T4/T8 ratio in comparison with the normal value for peripheral blood.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Cytologic and immunocytologic findings in bronchoalveolar lavage as a contribution to the differential diagnosis of chronic lung hemorrhage].

In the present paper, the results of cytological and immunocytological investigations of the broncho-alveolar lavage fluid obtained from 13 patients with pulmonary haemorrhage were studied for their differential-diagnostic usefulness. Five patients each were suffering from idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis (IPH) and the Goodpasture syndrome (GPS), one patient had a Wegener's granulomatosis, and two patients presented with vasculitis (VA) which was not amenable to further histological characterization. Parameters that proved particularly suitable for differentiation were the total cell count, the number of haemosiderin-positive macrophages, the extent of the expression of the transferrin receptor (OKT 9) on the macrophages, and the relationship of OKT 4 and OKT 8-positive lymphocytes.

Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease↗
PubMed1990

[Detection of the activation of alveolar lymphocytes in alveolar proteinosis].

In 7 patients with pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, differential cytology and lymphocyte subsets in BAL fluid were investigated. The study showed that pulmonary alveolar proteinosis is another disorder characterized by a lymphocytic alveolitis and activation of T-lymphocytes (expression of HLA-DR antigens and IL-2 receptors). Our data indicate that immunological mechanisms involving T-cell activation may contribute to be pathogenesis of pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Tuberculous pleural effusions: lymphocyte phenotypes in comparison with other lymphocyte-rich effusions.

This study investigated whether the analysis of T cell subsets and of activation markers on T cells in pleural fluids can be helpful for diagnostic purposes in tuberculous pleurisy and other lymphocyte-rich pleural effusions. Pleural effusion fluids were obtained from 18 patients with tuberculous pleurisy (TB), 21 with effusions following radiotherapy (RT) for a malignant disease, and 11 with congestive heart failure (CHF). Lymphocyte subsets were analyzed by a battery of monoclonal antibodies using an immunoperoxidase method. The majority of the lymphocytes were CD3-positive T cells (TB, 86 +/- 7% of lymphocytes; RT, 81 +/- 8%; CHF, 84 +/- 12%). The ratios of CD4-positive helper-inducer to CD8-positive suppressor-cytotoxic T cells were higher than those reported for the peripheral blood but not significantly different between the study groups (TB, 3.3 +/- 1.9; RT, 2.8 +/- 1.4; CHF, 2.5 +/- 1.1). The activation marker studies revealed that only a few pleural T cells were positive for CD38, CD25 (interleukin-2 receptor), HLA-DR antigen, and OKT9 (transferrin receptor), the proportion of CD25-positive T cells being higher in TB and in RT than in CHF and the proportion of HLA-DR-positive T cells being higher in TB than in CHF (P less than 0.05). Significant differences were not observed relative to the natural killer-cytotoxic phenotypes staining positive for Leu-7 or for CD16. Thus, we concluded that phenotypic analysis of lymphocytes is of limited diagnostic usefulness to differentiate tuberculous from other nonmalignant effusions.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Immunocytology in malignant pleural mesothelioma. Expression of tumor markers and distribution of lymphocyte subsets.

We studied the reactivity of malignant mesothelioma cells with tumor markers and the phenotypes of lymphocyte subsets in pleural effusions from 14 patients with malignant mesothelioma. For identification of cell surface antigens with monoclonal antibodies, the adhesive slide assay was used. The reaction pattern of mesothelioma cells was found to be CEA negative, Leu M1 negative, EMA positive, BMA-120 positive, My 4 positive, and BA-2 positive. The surface morphology of mesothelioma cells may be of additional help for diagnosis. By these markers, the distinction between mesotheliomas and carcinomas is facilitated. The differentiation of reactive benign mesothelial hyperplasia from malignant mesothelioma by surface marker staining is not yet possible, however. In many effusions in this study, a concomitant T-lymphocytosis was observed with a non-specific increase in the CD4/CD8 ratio, as known for other pleural diseases.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Beta-2-microglobulin in the assessment of renal function in full term newborns following perinatal asphyxia.

In order to evaluate the clinical usefulness of serum and urinary beta 2 microglobulin (beta 2-m) determination as a marker of renal damage following perinatal asphyxia, twenty asphyxiated and twenty healthy full term newborns were studied. Renal function was monitored on the first and third day after birth by traditional tests such as creatinine (Cr), endogenous creatinine clearance (Ccr), and fractional Na excretion (FeNa), as well as by serum and urinary beta 2 microglobulin. The value of different tests for the diagnosis of oliguria and of acute renal failure was determined. Eleven asphyxiated neonates developed oliguria and five ARF in contrast to none of the controls. Both traditional tests of renal function, and determinations of beta 2-m with the exception of serum beta 2-m, were significantly different (p less than 0.01) between controls and asphyxiated neonates. When stratified analysis was performed, only serum cr, urinary beta 2-m/cr ratio, and Fe beta 2-m were able to discriminate oliguria from preserved diuresis on the first day of life. For ARF, only Ccr and Fe beta 2-m were different, again on the first day of life. Urinary beta 2-m/creatinine ratio and Fe beta 2-m appear to be more sensitive and specific for the early detection of proximal tubular renal dysfunction following perinatal asphyxia than usual tests of renal function.

Asphyxia Neonatorum↗
PubMed1988

[Systemic necrotizing vasculitis with bronchial asthma and eosinophilia: Churg-Strauss syndrome].

Two cases of the Churg-Strauss syndrome are reported, seen within the past year. The first concerned a 31-year-old woman with a rapidly progressive illness characterized by bronchial asthma, leukocytosis and eosinophilia, abdominal pain, diarrhoea and purpura. In the second case, a 47-year-old man had granulomatous epididymitis and interstitial nephritis before the asthma and eosinophilia developed. In both the diagnosis was confirmed by lung biopsy. Immunosuppressive treatment achieved rapid regression of all symptoms and of the eosinophilia, without recurrence so far.

Adult↗