A simple sterile lead apron can be mounted directly on any vertical-beam image-intensifier housing and readjusted by the angiographer to shield himself from scatter during fluoroscopy and cineangiocardiography, even if the image intensifier is titled in the longitudinal plane. Properly placed, the apron effectively reduces exposed due to scatter.

Angiography↗

PubMed1978

Bilateral subclavian artery aneurysm associated with idiopathic cystic medial necrosis.

Although cystic medial necrosis, either idiopathic or associated with Marfan's syndrome, usually becomes manifest as an ascending aortic aneurysm, aortic insufficiency, aortic dissection, or a combination of these disorders, a rare case of bilateral subclavian artery aneurysm secondary to idiopathic cystic medial necrosis has occurred. Subclavian artery aneurysms most commonly represent poststenotic dilatation from anterior scalene or cervical rib compression, occasionally are associated with generalized arteriosclerotic peripheral vascular disease, and rarely are secondary to syphilitic or mycotic infections. Subclavian artery aneurysms have a major risk of rupture, embolus, or thrombosis, and therefore should be repaired. A reverse saphenous vein or prosthetic bypass graft from the carotid to the axillary artery provides adequate flow to the upper extremity. The aneurysm should be completely excised if possible, since reexpansion through small collaterals or through insufficient closure by ligation can occur and compress the brachial plexus after successful bypass. The clinical presentation, angiographic findings, and operative repair of a subclavian artery aneurysm secondary to cystic medial necrosis are described.

Adult↗

PubMed1978

Angiocardiographic differentiation of constrictive pericarditis and restrictive cardiomyopathy due to amyloidosis.

The cineangiocardiograms and coronary angiograms of two cases of amyloidosis of the heart were compared to six cases of constrictive pericarditis. Three angiographic differentiating points were seen: (1) right ventricular free wall motion showed diastolic restriction in both disorders, whereas the crista supraventricularis, which moved normally in constrictive pericarditis, demonstrated restriction in amyloidosis; (2) ventricles in cases of constrictive pericarditis showed subtle further expansion during atrial systole after initial rapid filling (atrial kick), while in both cases of amyloidosis there was no motion during atrial systole; (3) pericardial thickening in constrictive pericarditis was demonstrated by failure of the distal coronary arteries to reach the surface of the cardiac image. In amyloidosis, the distal coronary arteries normally reached the periphery of the image. All three signs may be useful in differentiation, but the first is the easiest to evaluate. The right anterior oblique or posteroanterior view is the recommended projection.

Amyloidosis↗

PubMed1978

Angiographic anatomy of the left Kugel's artery.

The left Kugel's artery is an uncommon but sometimes important collateral between the proximal circumflex artery and whatever artery supplies the crux of the heart. It passes anterior to the mitral valve ring, coursing in the interatrial septum, to anastomose usually with the atrioventricular node artery. The left Kugel's artery was prospectively identified on coronary arteriograms in 3.6% of patients with significant disease in dominant circumflex or right coronary arteries with associated collateral circulation. It was occasionally as large as 1 mm in diameter. The angiographic anatomy of this vessel is described.

Cineangiography↗

PubMed1977

Long-term survival in preductal atresia of the aortic arch.

Atresia of the aortic arch is distinguished from complete interruption of the aorta by the presence of a fibrotic strand bridging the 2 discontinuous segments of aorta. Most patients with aortic arch atresia have associated intracardiac defects. There is a high neonatal mortality in this condition, with 95% of the patients dying in the first year of life. The case described herein is the first long-term survivor with atresia of the aortic arch, a patent ductus arteriosus, and an atrial septal defect to reach adulthood. In this patient an extensive collateral network existed in spite of the presence of a patent ductus arteriosus.

Adult↗

PubMed1977

Simultaneous electronic and small format photofluorographic angiography.

Monitoring the image on the television screen during photofluorographic angiography is frequently difficult due to the short exposure times. A disk recorder has been integrated with a 100mm rapid-sequence photofluorographic camera for use during selected angiographic procedures. Each flashing image is automatically recorded on the disk recorder and is then immediately replayed during the interval between exposures. It is these considerably longer, although minimally delayed images, that are viewed during the study instead of the short live image. "Panning" to follow the progression of the contrast bolus is facilitated. The recorded angiographic series may be instantly replayed in stop motion for immediate review.

Angiography↗

PubMed1977

Coronary neovascularity and fistula formation: a sign of mural thrombus.

Fifteen patients have shown neovascularity in the left heart during selective coronary arteriography, with associated fistulous communication to a cardiac chamber in ten. In nine the abnormalities were adjacent to and within ventricular mural thrombi, associated with ventricular aneurysms in seven and congestive cardiomyopathy in two. In six patients with mitral stenosis and atrial fibrillation the angiographic changes related to left atrial thrombi. Histologic study of two atrial thrombi showed revascularization patterns in keeping both with the angiographic findings and with an intermediate stage in the evolution of mural thrombus. Though myxomas can produce a similar appearance, clinical and additional angiographic features should permit differentiation in most instances between this infrequent tumor and the far more common mural thrombus.

Adult↗

PubMed1977

Mycotic aneurysm of the mitral valve complicating aortic valve encodarditis.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗

PubMed1977

Rotating platform for ascending phlebography.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Humans↗

PubMed1977

Pulmonary angiography for pulmonary emboli: rational selection of oblique views.

In the performance of pulmonary arteriography, the anteroposterior projection may be insufficient for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism, and additional views, usually oblique, are required. Of 57 positive pulmonary arteriograms which were reviewed, additional views were necessary in 26 cases. The efficacy of the additional views in each case was assessed with regard to the demonstration of the segmental arteries of the various lobes of the lung. Following an inconclusive anteroposterior injection, the best visualization of the arteries of the right lung can generally be obtained with an injection made in the right posterior oblique projection. Similarly, following an inconclusive anteroposterior injection, the left posterior oblique or lateral view is recommended for optimal visualization of the pulmonary vasculature of the left lung.

Angiography↗