PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

J H Saunders

Publications and source records attributed to J H Saunders.

70 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

The effect of gastric distension on the secretion of acid and pepsin by patients with duodenal ulcer.

Twentyfour patients with active duodenal ulceration were subjected to gastric distension with a balloon, in an attempt to assess the "neural tone" affecting the parietal and chief cells of the stomach. Distension stimulated gastric secretion in a manner similar to, but weaker than, pentagastrin. No evidence was found that distension provides a specific "neural" stimulus to the gastric secretion of acid or pepsin in man.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Effect of diazepam and hyoscine butylbromide on response to secretin and cholecystokinin-pancreozymin in man.

Ten subjects received secretin and cholecystokinin or, in duplicate tests, the two hormones together with either diazepam or diazepam plus hyoscine butylbromide in order to determine whether these drugs, which are often used during retrograde endoscopic cannulation of the pancreatic duct, affect pancreatic and biliary secretion in response to the hormones. Diazepam with hyoscine butylbromide reduced the secretion of trypsin into the duodenum and delayed the appearance of both trypsin and bilirubin in duodenal aspirate. These effects must be taken into account when interpreting pancreatic and biliary responses measured during direct cannulation of the pancreatic duct.

Bicarbonates↗
PubMed1976

Effect of intraduodenal magnesium sulphate on pancreas and gallbladder of man.

Magnesium sulphate has previously been used as a purgative in a test involving the measurement of the faecal excretion of pancreatic enzymes. In order to validate the use of magnesium sulphate for this purpose, in 18 individuals the pancreatic and biliary response to intravenous infusion of secretin (1 CU/kg-h) plus CCK(1IU/kg-h) were compared with the responses to one of three dose-rates of magnesium sulphate infused into the duodenum. The effect of magnesium sulhphate was also studied during the coincident intravenous administration of the hormones. Intraduodenal magnesium sulphate did not stimulate the secretion of bicarbonate into the duodenum but did evoke the secretion of pancreatic enzymes and discharge of bile. The pancreatic response to the exogenous hormones was not altered by coincident intraduodenal infusion of magnesium sulphate. We conclude that magnesium sulphate is a satisfactory purgative for speeding the intestinal transit of pancreatic enzymes.

Bicarbonates↗
PubMed1976

Exocrine pancreatic function in juvenile-onset diabetes mellitus.

Exocrine pancreatic function was studied in 20 juvenile-onset diabetics, seven maturity-onset diabetics, and five patients with diabetes secondary to chronic pancreatitis. The results were compared with 13 non-diabetic controls. The outputs of bicarbonate, trypsin, and amylase were reduced in the diabetic patients in response to intravenous secretin and CCK-PZ. In the juvenile-onset group, exocrine pancreatic secretory capacity was reduced in 80% of the patients, and the severity of the reduction was related to the duration of the diabetes. The reduction in pancreatic secretory capacity must be taken into consideration when interpreting pancreatic exocrine function in patients with diabetes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

Aspects of basal gastric secretion in man.

In patients with duodenal ulcer, basal secretion may be significantly inhibited by venepuncture or by overnight aspiration of gastric contents. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Drainage↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Comparison of spin echo, gradient echo and fat saturation magnetic resonance imaging sequences for imaging the canine elbow.

Two comparison studies were performed. In the first conventional spin-echo (T1- and T2-weighted) sequences and a three-dimensional (3-D Fourier transform [3DFT]) echo gradient fast-imaging sequence were compared for imaging the canine normal elbow joint. In all three sequences, there was an isointense signal of the articular cartilage and a hyposignal of the subchondral bone, as compared with the muscles. The medial coronoid process of the ulna was clearly seen on the dorsal plane images, it appeared with a homogenous low-intensity signal. Its articulation with the radius was clearly outlined. In a second study, the 3DFT echo gradient fast-imaging sequence was compared to a fat saturation sequence on normal shoulder and elbow joints. Elbows were imaged with and without injection of saline, in an attempt to show the opposing cartilaginous articular surfaces. This distinction was possible in the shoulder joint but not in the elbow because of insufficient spatial resolution. On the three MRI sequences compared, gradient echo fast imaging with steady-state precession (GE FISP) sequence was found to be the most suitable for imaging the canine elbow joint.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Probable trigeminal nerve schwannoma in a dog.

A 7-year-old male Husky dog developed atrophy of the right masseter muscle and pruritus of the right side of the face. A myogenic origin was excluded using muscular biopsy. Electrophysiologically, there was involvement of the motor and sensory fibers of the trigeminal nerve, suggesting a lesion located between the brainstem and the trigeminal ganglion. On MRI examination, a nodular mass was detected in the right caudal fossa. This mass was characterized by intense enhancement after injection of contrast medium. Because of the progressive clinical signs, electrophysiology, and MRI results, a presumptive diagnosis of a trigeminal nerve schwannoma was made. The animal's condition improved slightly with corticosteroids. The dog underwent euthanasia 3 months after initial presentation. Necropsy was not performed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Gastric secretion of acid in patients with pancreatic disease.

In view of the destruction of pancreatic extract, used in the treatment of pancreatic insufficiency, by gastric juice, we measured the gastric secretory response to pentagastrin in patients with pancreatic disease. The patients with chronic pancreatitis and steatorrhoea secreted as much acid as patients with duodenal ulcer, emphasising the need for therapeutic gastric secretory inhibition to supplement treatment of pancreatic insufficiency with pancreatic extract.

Celiac Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Behavioral effects of 0 and 0.05% blood alcohol in male volunteers.

Five behavioral tests were evaluated to determine their sensitivity to the subtle central nervous system (CNS) depressant effects produced by ingestion of ethanol. Twenty-one adult male volunteers received 0 and 1.4 ml 100 proof vodka/kg body weight according to a "double-blind" crossover design. Behavioral tests were conducted between 15 and 65 minutes after ethanol ingestion, when blood alcohol concentrations (BAC's) were between 0.05 and 0.06%. Tests evaluated were Archimedes spiral, digit span memory, critical flicker fusion, stabilometry and tachistoscope. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) using composite scores representing the individual tests indicated that the battery as a whole was sensitive to ethanol effects. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) on each test indicated that critical flicker fusion, stabilometry and tachistoscope contributed more to the overall sensitivity of the battery than did digit span memory and Archimedes spiral.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Validation of human behavioral tests using ethanol as a CNS depressant model.

This study evaluated the sensitivity of a battery of tests proposed for use in determining the depressant effects of chemicals on human central nervous system (CNS) function. The first step in the development of such tests was to determine if the tests could detect the effects produced by a known CNS depressant, ethanol. Five behavioral tests, digit span memory, simple reaction time, tachistoscopic perception, flicker fusion and anticipation timing (velocity estimation) were evaluated to determine their sensitivity to the effects of ethanol at blood levels between 0.05-0.06%. Thirty-one adult male volunteers received 0 and 1.4 ml 100 proof vodka/kg body weight according to a double-blind crossover design. Tests were conducted before treatment and between 30 and 70 minutes after an ethanol or control drink was ingested. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), using composite scores representing the individual tests, indicated that the battery as a whole detected statistically significant ethanol effects. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) comparing performance after drinking ethanol to control performance on each of the individual tests indicated a significant decrement in reaction time, tachistoscopic perception and anticipation timing.

Adult↗