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Biomedical subjects

J Hutchison

Publications and source records attributed to J Hutchison.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

The clinicopathologic, light, and scanning electron microscopic features of eperythrozoonosis in four naturally infected llamas.

The hematologic, biochemical, and light and scanning electron microscopic features of eperythrozoonosis in four llamas are described. One female and three male yearling llamas were presented for evaluation of chronic weight loss. Three of four llamas had historical evidence of chronic inflammatory conditions. On examination, multiple clinical problems were apparent, including poorly to non-regenerative anemia, inflammatory disease, and hypoproteinemia. Coccoid- and ring-shaped basophilic organisms were present on the erythrocytes of all the llamas. On scanning electron microscopy, individual, pairs, and clusters of coccoid-shaped organisms were present on the erythrocytes. The organisms measured 0.4 to 0.6 micron in diameter and caused no marked deformation of the erythrocyte membrane. A rare organism could be found that produced a slight indentation into the erythrocyte membrane. The light and scanning electron microscopic morphologic features suggested that the organism was an Eperythrozoon. Serial evaluation of serum iron concentrations of the llamas showed a decrease serum iron in all animals, with a concurrent decrease in the total iron binding capacity and percent transferrin saturation in two of the llamas. Common abnormalities seen on serum electrophoresis included a decrease in albumin and beta serum fraction in all llamas and a decrease in the gamma globulin fraction of two individuals.

Anemia↗
PubMed1989

Differential effects of photoperiodic history on the responses of gonadotrophins and prolactin to intermediate daylengths in the male Syrian hamster.

The effect of photoperiodic history on the neuroendocrine response to intermediate daylengths (11-13.5 hr of light) was investigated in the male Syrian hamster. The duration of the nocturnal peak of pineal melatonin content was inversely proportional to photoperiod and independent of photoperiodic history. Serum levels of prolactin were lower in animals exposed to shorter photoperiods. Photoperiodic history had little effect on the response of serum prolactin to intermediate daylengths. Serum luteinizing hormone (LH) concentrations were also lower in shorter photoperiods, but in addition were sensitive to the direction of photoperiodic change, so that a single photoperiod could be interpreted as either stimulatory or inhibitory to LH secretion. This effect of photoperiodic history was expressed at intermediate photoperiods with 12-13.5 hr of light. The sensitivity of serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels to photoperiodic history was masked by an early onset of photorefractoriness. Testicular size and serum testosterone levels revealed weaker effects of photoperiodic history; these were attributed to the dissociation between gonadotrophin and prolactin secretion induced by intermediate daylengths. The contrasting effects of photoperiodic history on the secretion of LH and prolactin may represent the expression of multiple photoperiodic time-measuring systems.

Aging↗
PubMed1989

Efficacy of ciprofloxacin in the treatment of various bacterial infections.

The efficacy and safety of ciprofloxacin (500 mg administered every 12 hours) were evaluated in 62 patients enrolled in a prospective, open study. Fifty-three courses in the treatment of 56 infection sites suitable for evaluation were assessed. The infection sites involved were skin and skin structure (28), respiratory tract (21), urinary tract (5), and gastrointestinal tract (2). Bacterial isolates included 16 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 13 Staphylococcus aureus, and 8 Escherichia coli. Signs and symptoms of infection completely resolved in 46 (82%) of the infection sites. Nine (16%) improved, and one (2%) failed to respond. Ciprofloxacin was well tolerated.

Bacterial Infections↗
PubMed1984

A regimen for obtaining mature human oocytes from donors for research into human fertilization in vitro.

Patients awaiting laparoscopic sterilization were canvassed to allow oocytes to be aspirated from their ovaries at the time of operation for the purpose of testing the fertilizing capacity of spermatozoa from clinically infertile men. Because these patients were volunteers, the standard techniques for stimulation, ovulation prediction, operation, and oocyte recovery had to be modified for maximum safety and for convenience to both patient and staff. Superovulation was induced with 100 mg or 150 mg clomiphene citrate on days 2 to 6 or 5 to 9 of the menstrual cycle. Final maturation of oocytes was stimulated with 5000 IU of human chorionic gonadotropin administered between days 11 and 15 of the cycle, and the operation was performed 34 to 36 hours later on the routine gynecology operation lists. Of the 157 patients canvassed , 47% were willing to donate oocytes to the project. Despite the variability of the stimulation regimens, the simplified operative technique, and the fact that more than half the patients were on oral contraceptives in the previous cycle, one or more oocytes were retrieved in 75% of the patients. At the initial assessment, 83% of these were considered suitable for in vitro fertilization.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Breast screening results from a healthy working population.

The early results of a breast screening service in a large retail company have been analysed. Female employees over 35 years of age were offered mammography, thermography and clinical examination, periodically over 51/2 years. One hundred and two cases of proven cancer were found in 21 186 women (4.8 per thousand). Non palpable cancers accounted for 56.9% of the total and 37.3% of these were less than 1 cm in size. Twenty tumours were microscopic. Only 13.7% of cases were known to be node positive and 43% of the cancers occurred in women of less than 50 years of age. The results throughout the whole age range encouraged the original hope that screening and early diagnosis will influence the prognosis of female breast cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Nuclear magnetic resonance of iron and copper disease states.

The tissue levels of paramagnetic ions are an important factor in the determination of T1 values as observed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging. The increased levels of iron present in human disease states such as hemochromatosis lead to decreased T1 values. The mean liver T1 of three patients with iron storage disease was determined to be 130 msec, significantly different from the value of 154 msec, the mean for 14 normal controls. Whether NMR will be able to detect the increased copper levels in liver and brain in Wilson disease remains for further clinical trials to evaluate. NMR imaging, however, does serve as a noninvasive method for the diagnosis of states of iron overload and as a technique to follow progression of disease or response to medical therapy.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1977

Mechanical suture methods in thoracic and abdominal surgery.

Mechanical suturing procedures on the bowel, lung, bronchi and pulmonary vessels have been used on 264 occasions in 180 thoracic and abdominal operations. The instruments proved simple to use and produced reliable good quality closures, for the most part without manual reinforcement. There were 2 technical failures, one ending fatally, after colo-colostomy. Two minor postoperative suture leaks were encountered in 122 operations on the alimentary tract, but no leakage or other problem has arisen in 58 pulmonary cases. The staple-suturing methods described are safe and straightforward, and it is believed that they represent a significant advance in the techniques of thoracic and abdominal surgery, which can usefully be applied in many situations.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1975

Secondary carcinoma of the thyroid gland.

Two patients are described who presented with clinically solitary thyroid nodules which were found to be due to metastatic disease from the kidney and colon respectively. Removal of the solitary metastatis in one patient resulted in disease-free survival for over 5 years.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1972

Genital sensory field: enlargement by estrogen treatment in female rats.

Recordings of neuronal activity in the pudendal, genitofemoral, and pelvic nerves indicate that the sensory fields of these three nerves are the perineum, the caudal abdomen, and the vagino-cervical area and rectum, respectively. The sensory field of the pudendal nerve was significantly larger in estrogen-treated ovariectomized female rats than in uninjected controls. This effect of estrogen was not mediated by pudendal efferents.

Action Potentials↗