[Health status of so-called children from the Zamość district].
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J Jankowski.
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Estimates are presented of the magnitude of doses incurred over prolonged periods by individuals exposed occupationally to x rays. The results of individual monitoring in Poland from 1966 to 1978 formed the basis of the estimates. Probability distributions of receiving a certain 40-y lifetime x-ray dose were assigned to several subgroups monitored by applying the method of Markov's chains. Independently, by linear extrapolation of the measured increment rate, the mean life doses were estimated for a number of subgroups. The results seem to demonstrate that occupational exposure to x rays in the subgroups studied is slightly diversified, and its current level is of the same order as the exposure due to background radiation.
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In this paper the life-time effective dose equivalent and expected postradiation stochastic effects number in various subpopulations occupationally exposed to X-rays have been estimated. The prognosis of life-time doses absorbed by those occupationally exposed to X-rays and the relationship between the effective dose equivalent and surface exposure dose registered in the individual dosimetry system constituted the basis for this evaluation. The obtained results indicate that under the present X-ray exposure conditions the probability of the occurrence of X-ray adverse health effects in form of post-radiation cancers is insignificantly low.
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The paper presents the risk of life-loss at work due to ionizing radiation, as compared to work in other professions. Average life-expectancy loss in exposure to ionizing radiation, mean annual dose of 0,5 radium, comes to 12 days, whereas in other industries life-expectancy reduction comes to 500 days.
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Individual dosimetry of doses received by persons working with radiation is made by film badges which are worn by workers at the chest. These dosimeters measured the exposure at the body surface, but it is well known that the real risk of ionizing radiation is due to the doses absorbed by radiosensitive organs and so called "effective dose equivalent". In the paper the results showing the relationship between the exposure and effective dose equivalent are presented vs x-radiation energy. In the case when the phantom was irradiated from the front the effective dose equivalent was only 40% of exposure. When the phantom was irradiated from the back the effective dose equivalent was 70% higher than the exposure from the film badge.
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The paper presents results of measurements of individual doses received by people occupationally exposed to X-rays in Poland. At the end of 1977 measurements covered over 18 thous persons. The group of those who did not exceed 1/10 permissible annual dose came to 99.24%. Average dose for the whole monitored population amounted to 74.6 mrem. Only 28 cases of exceeded permissible quarterly doses and 7 cases of exceeded permissible annual doses have been noted.