Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to J Koziorowska.
In the present investigation, the SOS Chromotest with E. coli PQ37 was evaluated. The potential of the test to identify genotoxic properties of different cytostatics was examined. Only intercalating agents showed good activity. The SOS Chromotest appeared to be less effective than the Salmonella mutagenicity test in the detection of alkylating agents.
Evaluation of mutagenic and genotoxic properties of Ukrain was on the basis of the Ames and micronucleus tests. Ukrain was investigated for its ability to induce morphological transformation of embryonic cells of the Syrian hamster. Under the experimental condition used in this study, Ukrain was found to be non-mutagenic and non-genotoxic, and furthermore did not induce morphological cell transformation.
The influence of vitamin E on the mutagenic activities of aflatoxin and adriamycin was studied. The results indicate that vitamin E shows antimutagenic activity towards aflatoxin B1 only when homogenized with liver tissue.
Treatment of human embryonic cell line CLV 102 with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine or bleomycin was used to induce DNA repair synthesis. Both the repair synthesis induced by these agents and reactivation of UV-damaged pseudorabies virus were inhibited by aphidicolin.
Mouse embryo cells nonproductively infected with human cytomegalovirus differed from noninfected cells by the impaired ability to grow in the medium containing homocysteine instead of methionine. Virus infection of mouse embryo cells grown in both kinds of media resulted in the increase of protein synthesis. In the infected cells grown on homocysteine this increase was followed by a quick decrease. The effects of homocysteine substitution could be abolished by the addition of low amounts of methionine (0.1 mM). Methionine uptake in the infected cells grown on homocysteine for 48 h was significantly higher than that in the noninfected cells.
This paper reports effects of retinoic acid (RA) on the expression of plasminogen activator (PA) activity and their relation to the effects of the vitamin on cellular proliferation. RA at the concentrations of 10 microM ml and 1 microM/ml did not affect PA activity in the cells of human melanoma cell line 10-135 but produced a transient decrease of PA activity as well in two other human melanoma cell lines as in RK 13 and IAR 6-7 cells. Unlike 10-135 cells which were resistant to retinoic acid all the remaining cell lines were susceptible to inhibition of the growth by the vitamin. Replacement of the medium with RA by standard medium produced a reversal of the inhibitory effects of the vitamin on PA activity and cell proliferation.
DNA synthesis induced by N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine in mouse embryo and human embryo cells was compared with DNA synthesis induced in these cells by human cytomegalovirus. In virus infected human embryo cells grown in the medium depleted of arginine DNA synthesis showed resistance to hydroxyurea and arabinofuranosylcytosine, similarly as repair synthesis induced by MNNG. DNA synthesis induced by the virus in mouse embryo cells was partially sensitive to both inhibitors.
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DNA repair synthesis and cytotoxicity were evaluated in early passage mouse embryo fibroblasts from five inbred strains (B10, CBA, C3H/A, DBA/2, BALB/c) and in BALB/3T3 IL-2 cells after the cultures had been treated for 3 h with methyl methanesulphonate (MMS) or N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). In the presence of hydroxyurea, the incorporation of tritiated thymidine into the MMS- or MNNG-treated cells derived from B10, CBA, C3H/A or DBA/2 mice, was, at the concentrations used, significantly higher than into controls untreated with the mutagens. Under analogous experimental conditions there was no detectable DNA repair synthesis in two kinds of cells derived from BALB/c mice. MNNG was more cytotoxic to the cells derived from BALB/c mice than to those of the four remaining strains. The sensitivity of all kinds of early passage mouse fibroblasts to MMS was similar at each MMS concentration tested. Cloning efficiency of BALB/3T3 IL-2 cells exposed to MMS at the concentration of 10(-3) or 10(-4) M did not differ from that of untreated controls. The latter cells treated with MNNG at the concentration of 10(-4) or 2 X 10(-4) M did not develop colonies.
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The effects of retinoic acid (RA) on cell proliferation, activity of acid phosphatase, protein synthesis and methionine uptake were studied in transformed murine LPA cells. Early inhibition of protein synthesis was demonstrated under experimental conditions in which the rate of cell proliferation was diminished and non-specific effects of vitamin action could be excluded. Measurements of L-methionine uptake revealed a decrease to approximately one-half of that in control cultures after treatment with RA at the concentrations of 5 X 10(-5) M and 10(-4) M.
Oxytetracycline hydrochloride, potassium nitrite and a combination of this antibiotic with the nitrite were tested for their mutagenicity in the host-mediated assay with mice as the host animals. The Salmonella typhimurium strain used was his G46. The bacteria were injected intraperitoneally, and the test compounds were administered by a stomach tube. Neither oxytetracycline nor potassium nitrite were mutagenic for strain G46, but the combination of the compounds administered in the highest tolerated doses proved to be mutagenic for this Salmonella strain. The mutagenicity of the compounds was further evaluated by the micronucleus test in the bone marrow of Swiss mice. The test compounds were administered p.o., half the dose 30 h and the rest 6 h before the animals were killed. Oxytetracycline and the combination of oxytetracycline with potassium nitrite induced a significant increase in the frequency of micronuclei in polychromatic erythrocytes. Dose-response experiments with oxytetracycline and with the combination of the antibiotic with nitrite revealed an apparent no-effect level at 2 X 50 to 2 X 500 mg/kg. At higher doses both oxytetracycline and oxytetracycline with nitrite significantly influenced the ratio of erythrocytes to nucleated cells. The findings were compared with data obtained with dimethylnitrosamine included in both kinds of experiment.
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The behaviour of subcultures of vitamin A-treated human embryo fibroblasts was studied from the point of view of morphology, growth characteristics, karyology and agglutinability at subsequent passages after treatment. Evidence was obtained that vitamin A-induced rupture of lysosomes may lead to transient alterations in the pattern of growth, structure of the membranes and morphology in cell generations deriving from the cells injured by the action of the vitamin.
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