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J Lamvik

Publications and source records attributed to J Lamvik.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Prognostic factors in multiple myeloma in a population-based trial.

Prognostic factors have been tested in patients with multiple myeloma treated according to a randomized trial of standard therapy versus 5-drug combination therapy. The following population-based study included 92 patients with a median age of 70 yr. The median survival was 31 months. The Cox regression model was used to search for predictors of survival. The cut-off levels for blood analyses derived in earlier studies tended to select few patients in the high-risk groups, for example only 8% of the patients had hemoglobin (Hb) less than or equal to 7.5 g/dl. Lytic bone lesions in the pelvis or in the long bones, or spontaneous fractures and age greater than 70 yr gave prognostic information in addition to anemia and impaired renal function. The MRC staging system was a better prognostic tool than the Durie & Salmon stages. Palliative treatment regimens which take quality of life into account should be considered carefully in multiple myeloma patients greater than 70 yr.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Anemia in general practice.

Among 4928 consecutive consultations in urban general practice in Mid-Norway anemia was found in 106 patients. Eighty-nine patients had their anemia worked out and treated by their general practitioner, 11 patients were referred to hospital or specialist, and in 6 patients no clear-cut reason for the anemia could be found. The patients could be broadly divided into four groups: iron deficiency in pregnancy (48%), iron deficiency secondary to bleeding (21%) anemia of chronic diseases (17%) and miscellaneous (7%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Anemia in general practice. Which laboratory tests are requested--how are the results interpreted and what are the consequences to patient care.

Laboratory tests requested in patients with anemia by general practitioners were recorded together with the diagnostic problem, the practitioners' interpretation of the test results and the consequences to the further work-up and treatment of the patients. There is broad agreement as to selection of tests to diagnose fairly well-established clinical entities. With more composite or complex disease patterns, the request patterns differ, not only with the diagnostic problem, but more so with the physicians. Some tests are requested with results very seldom outside the reference range (e.g. cobalamins and folate) and some on indications notoriously prone to give false positive results (e.g. serum iron in patients with anemia of chronic diseases). As part of future quality control programs proper use of laboratory tests should be important topics as joint projects between clinical chemists, general practitioners and clinicians.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Hypercalcemia in malignant diseases. Physiopathology and treatment].

About 10% of cancer patients develop hypercalcemia. The mechanisms behind the development of hypercalcemia are complex, but the most important facts seems to be increased osteoclastic bone resorption. Several cellular mediators play a part in creating and sustaining hypercalcemia. The article discusses these mechanisms, and reviews the principles of treatment. Emphasis is placed on rehydration and on inhibition of bone resorption. The use of diphosphonates (bisphosphonates), a group of potent osteoclast inhibitors, is discussed in some detail.

Bone Resorption↗
PubMed1988

Evidence that tumour necrosis factor (TNF) is not constitutively present in vivo. The association of TNF with freshly isolated monocytes reflects a rapid in vitro production.

Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) cytotoxic activity has been shown not to be present in detectable amounts in the serum of healthy humans, but it may be found in some patients with meningococcal disease. In this study we investigated whether TNF is constitutively present in vivo on or within monocytes. TNF was detected on freshly isolated paraformaldehyde-fixed monocytes from both healthy individuals and cancer patients. No significant difference was found between the two groups. TNF appeared first 40-60 min after in vitro monocyte adherence, which is the same time as it took TNF to appear extracellularly after the exposure of in vitro cultured monocytes to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). This indicates that TNF associated with freshly isolated monocytes was synthesized in vitro. The inducing signal may be monocyte contact with plastic. Exposure of whole blood to LPS immediately after vein puncture was followed by about twice as rapid TNF release as that observed with in vitro cultured monocytes. The release was inhibited by cycloheximide but not by actinomycin D, indicating that the TNF detected did not represent TNF present in vivo. This is consistent with the fact that no TNF cytotoxic activity was detected in blood cell extracts. However, TNF-mRNA may have been present in vivo. Thus, the available evidence indicates that TNF is not constitutively expressed in vivo.

Cycloheximide↗
PubMed1986

Detection of tumour necrosis factor-like cytotoxicity in serum from patients with septicaemia but not from untreated cancer patients.

With a bioassay sensitive for recombinant tumour necrosis factor at a concentration of 10(-4) ng/ml, we were able to detect tumour necrosis factor-like cytotoxicity in serum from three patients in the initial phase of septicaemia. The cytotoxic activity corresponded to a concentration of recombinant tumour necrosis factor of 2 X 10(-2)-3 X 10(-3) ng/ml serum. The concentration in cerebrospinal fluid was estimated to be three times higher than in serum. In 23 untreated patients with malignant disease of varying origin and stage, including two patients with severe cachexia, we were not able to detect tumour necrosis factor-like cytotoxicity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Multiple myeloma in central Norway 1981-1982: a randomized clinical trial of 5-drug combination therapy versus standard therapy.

67 previously untreated patients with multiple myeloma were entered on a randomized clinical trial to determine whether the use of combination chemotherapy including vincristine, carmustine, alkylating agents, and prednisone was more effective than conventional therapy with melphalan and prednisone. The treatment groups did not show significant differences with respect to major prognostic factors. With the 2-drug combination therapy and 5-drug combination therapy, 67 and 74% of the patients achieved remission, respectively. Moreover, no significant difference was found between the two treatment schedules in terms of median survival (30+ months). The survival curves for stage III patients treated with the two regimens did not differ significantly. After 12 months, patients who had achieved remission were randomized to have treatment discontinued or to have maintenance treatment. 7 of 15 patients on maintenance therapy relapsed, whereas 9 of 14 patients who had their therapy discontinued relapsed, and the survival of the two groups was similar.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1986

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura in 2 siblings: defective platelet function and plasma factor deficiency occurring simultaneously.

In 2 siblings with recurring attacks of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, platelet aggregation was found to be decreased during attacks. In contrast with reported observations in other patients, aggregation was found decreased also in symptom-free periods. ATP/ADP ratio in platelet rich plasma was normal. The cause of decreased aggregation was not uraemia, alcohol or drugs. In a healthy sister, platelet aggregation induced by ADP was subnormal. The attacks in 1 of the patients responded to infusion of fresh frozen plasma.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1984

Binding of transferrin and uptake of iron by K-562 cells.

Transferrin-mediated uptake of iron has been studied in K-562 human erythroleukaemia cells. K-562 cells accumulate iron from transferrin by a temperature-dependent mechanism linearly with time for at least 150 min. At 37 degrees C the uptake reaches a saturation level of approximately 25 pmol iron/10(6) cells/h at a concentration of iron (as iron-transferrin) of 5 mumol/l. The binding of transferrin reveals saturation kinetics, at 0.2 mumol/l of transferrin specific binding amounts to 1.8 pmol/10(6) cells. Relative to the binding of transferrin the uptake of iron increases with time. The ability of K-562 cells to accumulate iron declines with days in culture by approximately 50% from day 1 to day 5. The results are compatible with iron uptake by receptor-mediated endocytosis of transferrin, dissociation of iron within the cell and exocytosis of apotransferrin.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1983

Depression of monocyte-mediated cytotoxicity by renal carcinoma and restoration through therapy.

The cytotoxic ability of freshly isolated monocytes against the tumor cell line K-562 was severely depressed in patients with renal cell carcinoma. The impaired cytotoxicity was partly restored 2 weeks after nephrectomy. Production of monocyte-activating lymphokine, measured as ability to activate tumor cytotoxicity in control monocytes, was depressed in lymphocytes from patients with tumor burden. The impaired lymphokine production seemed to be due to factors in patient serum. Patient monocytes showed an impaired ability to be activated by lymphokines. Products from patient lymphocytes were not able to activate the tumor cytotoxicity of patient monocytes.

Adenocarcinoma↗