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Biomedical subjects

J Müller

Publications and source records attributed to J Müller.

At least 829 records · Page 46Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Uptake and metabolism of serotonin by rat adrenal tissue in vitro.

After incubation of separate zones of rat adrenals with radioactively labelled serotonin--at concentrations at which the amine had been previously shown to stimulate aldosterone biosynthesis--the tissue radioactivity was several times higher in the capsular ("zona glomerulosa") than in the decapsulated portions of the glands. High doses of unlabelled serotonin diminished the accumulation of radioactivity, but only when added simultaneously with the tracer. In the course of the incubation, radioactive 5-hydroxy-3-indoleacetic acid, i.e. the deaminated metabolite of serotonin, rapidly appeared in the medium. Most of the radioactive material accumulated by the adrenal was recovered in the cytosol fraction and was no longer identical with serotonin, but consisted mainly of 5-hydroxy-3-indoleacetic acid and another, unidentified metabolite. Unaltered serotonin was found in capsular adrenal tissue extracts only when a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (nialamide) has been added to the incubation medium. Rapid uptake and metabolism thus appeared to be the predominant features of the interaction of incubated adrenal tissue with serotonin. These events may have obscured the possible binding of very small amounts of serotonin to receptor sites. The observed accumulation of radioactivity in adrenal tissue was mainly due to delayed outflow of intracellulary formed metabolite, since 5-hydroxy-3indoleacetic acid was neither taken up by incubated adreanls nor bound by adrenal cytosol. No evidence of serotonin storage in the zona glomerulosa was found in these studies.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1976

[Preliminary results of imurek treatment of multiple sclerosis].

The authors, after presenting a survey of the literature on the treatment of multiple sclerosis with immunosuppressants, report their experience with Imurek. Of 53 patients with a chronic and progressive course of the disease, objective improvement could be observed in 17. In 20 patients the symptomatology remained unchanged, although 4 of them reported subjective improvement. In 16 patients, progression of the disease could not be stopped. Better results of treatment could be obtained for those forms of the disease where the course was, first, in the form of what may be referred to as outbursts and, later, in a chronic and progressive form. -Possible side effects are pointed out.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

[Treatment of hepatic coma using extracorporeal perfusion with baboon and human liver as well as with activated charcoal].

In the 6 patients with hepatic coma hemoperfusions with 8 baboon and 2 human livers were carried out. Four awoke from the coma, one women could be discharged, but the others died of various complications and liver insufficiency. In the 4 patients with hepatic coma, 11 hemoperfusions with activated charcoal columns were performed. Two awoke from the coma, but they died of liver insufficiency. We were able to detect the elevation of preforming antibodies in a discharged patient.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

[Studies on the mechanism of activation of lymphocyte membrane ATP-ases by concanavalin A (author's transl)].

The ouabain-sensitive and ouabain-intensitive ATP-ases of intact lymphocytes, and of the lymphocyte microsomal fraction and a purified plasma membrane fraction, are all activated by concanavalin A. The Na+, K+, and Mg+-dependence of the plasma membrane ATP-ases were defined at different substrate concentrations. Enzyme activation was rather greater at lower K+ concentrations. From these studies it appears improbable, but not impossible, that concanavalin A exerts an allosteric effect on the ATP-ases.

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
PubMed1976

[Concanavalin A induced changes of lymphocyte p-nitrophenylphosphatase (author's transl)].

The effect of K+, Na+, Mg2+ and ATP on the p-nitrophenylphosphatase activity was investigated. As an enzyme preparation a microsomal fraction of sheep lymphocytes was used. Low concentrations of Mg2+, K+ and Na+ increased, whereas high concentrations decreased the enzyme activity. There was an inhibition of activity by ATP without Na+ in the incubation medium and an increase of enzyme activity at low K:Na-ratio. By concanavalin A in a concentration of 15 mug/ml the p-nitrophenylphosphatase activity was increased in intact cells and the microsomal fraction for 30-40%. The activation was not Na+, K+, Mg2+, p-nitrophenylphosphate or ATP dependent.

4-Nitrophenylphosphatase↗
PubMed1976

[Surgical management of gastric carcinoma (author's transl)].

The treatment of choice of gastric carcinoma is still radical surgery which has to be tried in all cases which are not proven to be untreatable by this method. During surgery the tumor as well as regional lymph nodes and neighboring structures have to be removed; in special cases subtotal gastrectomy carrying a lower risk at surgery does allow complete removal of the tumor. Replacing the stomach by interposition of a long loop of the small intestine has proven to yield good results. The overall bad results of management of gastric carcinoma cannot be improved to any considerable extent by surgical means, e.g. by lowering the risk of surgery or by increasing the number of patients operated upon. Early diagnosis is of outmost importance since patients with tumors of an early stage have a rather good chance of being completely cured.

Gastrectomy↗
PubMed1976

The effect of voluntary hyperventilation on arterial blood gases and gas exchange in patients with chronic obstructive lung disease.

A 2 min test of voluntary hyperventilation (VHV) was performed on 19 patients with chronic obstructive lung disease (COLD) and on eight control subjects. The average decrease in PaCO2 in the patients in this test was 4.6 mmHg (11%) and the average increase in PaO2 was 12.3 mmHg (19.1%). The average decrease of PaCO2 in control subjects was 16.5 mmHg (48.6%) and the average increase in PaO2 was 38.0 mmHg (46.2%). In patients with COLD, PaCO2 changes during VHV correlated significantly with respiratory exchange ratio; the correlation with minute and alveolar ventilation and deltaVO2/deltaVE ratio during VHV was of borderline significance. PaCO2 changes during VHV did not correlate with FEV1 (percent of predicted) or FEV1/VC%. The possible mechanisms of changes in blood gas tensions during and after the end of VHV test are discussed. The VHV test seems to be useful in evaluation of patients with COLD.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Studies on the 14C-15N-acetamide turnover in sheep. 1. Studies on the 14C turnover].

4 male sheep (average weight: 53.5 kgs) were fed a semisynthetic diet containing acetamide as sole source of nitrogen. At the beginning of the trial twin-labelled 15N-14C-acetamide was administered by way of a ruminal fistula. The curve pattern of 14C activity in the TCE-soluble fraction of the ruminal fluid showed a synchronous behaviour in all animals beginning at 3 hours after the beginning of the trial. A half-life of 2 1/2 hours for the rate of absorption of 14C acetamide and deaminated 14C acetate was established from the decline in 14C activity observed in the TCE-soluble fraction of the ruminal fluid. The peak level of 14C labelling in ruminal proteins was reached after 6 hrs. The specific 14CO2 activity in respiratory air reached its maximum level after 4 hrs, and was then found to decline continuously. 56% of the administered amount of 14C was excreted over a period of up to 50 hrs after beginning of the trial. The very fact that the peak level of 14C activity was observed to appear in the TCE-soluble fraction of the blood plasma as early as after 1 hr seems to indicate that acetamide is also absorbed through the ruminal wall. The half-life of decline in the 14C activity of this fraction was 5.7 hrs. Analysis by thin layer chromatography showed that 75% of this amount of activity is present in 14C acetamide. The rate of 14C incorporation into blood plasma proteins reached a plateau region after 21 hrs, which was also maintained on the 2nd day of the experiment. 6.5% of the administered amount of 14C activity was excreted in the urine until the 7th day of experiment. 76.6% of the amount of urinary 14C activity excreted within a period of 48 hrs were voided as 14C acetamide. 3.8% of the administered amount of 14C activity was excreted with the faeces within the first 6 days of experiment.

Acetamides↗