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Biomedical subjects

J Marsala

Publications and source records attributed to J Marsala.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Choline acetyltransferase and acetylcholinesterase in canine spinal ganglia: increase of choline acetyltransferase activity following sciatic nerve lesion.

Activities of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were measured in the dorsal spinal ganglia, the dorsal spinal root and the spinal cord of the normal adult dogs and following one side transection of the sciatic nerve in the intervals 5, 10, 15 and 21 days respectively. In the spinal ganglia of normal dogs very low ChAT activity was found; it was three orders lower than AChE activity. Within 5-10 days after the nerve section ChAT activity increased almost five times in the spinal ganglia while AChE activity remained without any changes. The elevation of ChAT activity correlated with that in the dorsal roots at 15th day and in the dorsal spinal cord at 21st day after the nerve section. Histochemical "direct-colouring" thiocholine method showed AChE-positive cells were distributed mainly in the peripheral area of the spinal ganglia. The spinal ganglion cells ranged from intensely AChE-positive to AChE-negative without correlation between cell size and AChE activity. The ChAT activity changes were evaluated in correlation to the cholinergic function in the spinal ganglion neurons.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1984

The dynamics of choline acetyltransferase and acetylcholinesterase changes in dog spinal cord during ischemia.

Activities of choline acetyltransferase (CAT) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were measured in several regions of the spinal cord, spinal ganglia and the sciatic nerve following ligation of the abdominal aorta just below the renal arteries for 20; 40; 80 and 120 min. Aortic ligation for 40 min produced a significant increase in the activities of both enzymes in the lumbar spinal cord. After ligation lasting 80 min the activity of CAT dropped under the control level and that of AChE remained elevated and returned to the control level in animals sacrificed 120 after the ligation. Similar but smaller AChE elevation was also found in the lower thoracic and the sacral spinal cord, respectively. In ischemic spinal ganglia and the sciatic nerve a decrease in AChE activity was found.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1984

Ultrastructural and quantitative investigations of the spinal ganglia neurons after ligation of the abdominal aorta.

The structural changes in spinal ganglia neurons of dogs subjected to repeated 40-minute ligation of the abdominal aorta with 1-6 day survival were studied by means of electron microscopy and morphometry. The endoplasmic reticulum shows marked changes with a decrease of bound ribosomes as well as a reduction of the membranous component, especially in the peripheral zone of cytoplasm. There were frequently noticed local deposits of filamentous material. Qualitative and quantitative changes had the same time course, culminating on the second to third day of survival. Later [6 days] some signs of neuronal recovery can be observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Free amino acids in the spinal cord, ganglia and ischiadic nerve of the dog after ligature of the abdominal aorta.

The effect of occlusion of the abdominal aorta for 10, 20 and 40 minutes on the concentration of aspartic and glutamic acids, glutamine, glycine, alanine and gamma-amino butyric acid in the anterior and posterior horns of the lumbosacral spinal cord was studied in the dog, further, concentration of amino acids (except GABA) in lumbosacral spinal ganglia and in the ischiadic nerve following 40 minutes of occlusion. The changes were most marked after 40 minutes of occlusion with a rise in concentration of alanine, glutamine and glutamic acid in the dorsal part of grey matter. Striking was also the simultaneous elevated concentration of Glu and Gln in spinal ganglia. The significance of these changes is discussed from the aspect of metabolism and function of nerve cells. Under physiological conditions the free amino acid pool in the central nervous system remains essentially constant. Under pathological conditions, however, like ischemic-hypoxic states, various changes occur.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1983

Cytoplasmic nucleolus-like inclusions (nematosomes) in spinal ganglia neurons of dog.

Intracytoplasmic nucleolus-like inclusions or nematosomes in spinal ganglia neurons of dog were studied by electron microscopy. In large light neurons several types of nematosomes can be identified. All types of the inclusions are non-membrane bound and composed of filamentous or granular aggregates. Nematosomes are mostly localized in the peripheral zone of cytoplasm. The mechanism of formation and functional significance of nematosomes is not fully clarified. The presence of ribosomes and cisterns of endoplasmic reticulum in their vicinity suggests some relation to proteosynthesis; they probably represent sites of protein storage.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Incidence of degenerate fibres in the dorsal column nuclei after ligation of the abdominal aorta.

It was investigated the incidence of damaged nerve fibres in the gracile nucleus and the cuneate nucleus of the dog following an intermittent ligation of the abdominal aorta and 3-day survival. The incidence of damaged fibres was studied at three levels, i.e. the caudal part of the gracile nucleus, the cell-nest region of the gracile nucleus and the region just before the beginning of the central canal. The largest number of disintegrated nerve fibres was found in the cell-nest region. It was observed, that the incidence of damaged fibres diminished both caudally and cranially. When comparing the region just before the beginning of the gracile nucleus with the caudal part of the gracile nucleus it was stated, that the higher density of decomposed fibres was in the region just below the obex. In common there were fewer disintegrated fibres in the cuneate than in the gracile nucleus.

Afferent Pathways↗
PubMed1983

Changes in spinal ganglia satellite and Schwann cells after aortic occlusion.

Ultrastructural ischemic changes of satellite and Schwann cells in lumbar spinal ganglia were studied in dog after single 80-minute and repeated 40-minute ligation of the abdominal aorta 3-48 hours survival. Satellite cells undergo greater changes than the Schwann cells. After a single ligation for eighty minutes, the satellite cell cytoplasm reveals lengthened or slightly vacuolated cisterns of the endoplasmic reticulum and more numerous lysosomes. The adneuronal surface of satellite cells shows retraction of the processes. Schwann cells, investing large myelinated axons contain markedly vacuolated endoplasmic reticulum and some osmiophilic inclusions. Three hours after repeated ligation the density of satellite cell cytoplasm is decreased and the cell processes of the adneuronal surface are less numerous. Some satellite cells containing large vacuoles undergo acute degeneration. Three hours after repeated ligation the Schwann cell cytoplasm reveals numerous lamellar bodies. Following 1-2 days survival after repeated ligation, strongly vacuolized satellite cells or those with lower cytoplasmic density are more frequent, but also hypertrophic satellite cells are visible. The changes of the Schwann cells are less advanced and manifest by the vacuolization of the organelles and the presence of lamellar bodies and other osmiophilic inclusions.

Animals↗