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Biomedical subjects

J Moryś

Publications and source records attributed to J Moryś.

83 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Neurons of the claustrum in the cat; a Golgi study.

The insular claustrum of the cat was studied using Kopsch modification of the Golgi technique. Neurons with or without dendritic spines were found. Among spiny neurons large pyramid-like cells with one main dendrite (S I type) appeared most frequently. Spindle-shaped neurons with two main dendrites (S II type) and multipolar ones (S III type) occurred much less frequently. Two types of aspimny multipolar neurons were found-larger (A I type) and smaller (A II type). Both were observed only in the posterior areas of the claustrum, mainly in its visual part. In the narrower regions of the claustrum, especialy in its anterior and posterior part, the dendritic fields of neurons were mostly arranged parallel to the surface of the claustrum. Centrally in the broader intermediate part of the claustrum long axes of neurons were oriented in various directions.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Projections of the amygdaloid body to the insular cortex in the cat.

Experiments were performed on brains of 15 cats with the use of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) retrograde transport method. After injections of HRP to the insular cortex, relatively great numbers of labeled neurons were found in all main nuclei of the amygdaloid body. After injections to the anterior part of the granular insular cortex numerous labeled neurons were located in the lateral, central lateral, basal dorsal and basal ventral nucleus of the amygdaloid body. Injections to the agranular insular cortex labeled neurons in the lateral, basal dorsal and basal ventral nucleus and in the claustrum prepiriforme. These results indicate the presence of large projections from vast areas of the amygdaloid body to the agranular insular cortex and the anterior part of the granular insular cortex.

Amygdala↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Neuronal loss and beta-amyloid removal in the amygdala of people with Down syndrome.

The decrease in the number of neurons free of neurofibrillary changes, neurons with neurofibrillary degeneration, and the total volume of beta-amyloid (A beta) deposits in the amygdala of people with Down syndrome and in late stages of Alzheimer disease were estimated by using morphometry and regression analysis. This model predicts that the duration of neurofibrillary changes from the pretangle stage to ghost tangles is approximately 4.7 years. The correlation between the decrease in the number of neurons and the decrease in the amount of A beta indicates that amyloid deposition is associated with neurons and that loss of neurons causes decrease in A beta deposition. The presence of neurons only with neurofibrillary tangles, and the absence of the amyloid deposits predicted by regression analysis suggest that neurons with tangles are not engaged in amyloid deposition. The disappearance of amyloid by approximately 2.2 years after loss of neurons free of neurofibrillary changes indicates that A beta deposits are degradable and removable and that even in severely atrophic amygdala, there are mechanisms of amyloid resolution. This study shows that in normal aging in the amygdala, extracellular A beta appears later than neurofibrillary changes.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of sevoflurane on intracranial pressure and cardiovascular function in rabbits with experimental intracerebral haematoma.

BACKGROUND: Sevoflurane is one of the newest volatile anaesthetic agents. The effect of sevoflurane on ICP in conditions of intracranial pathology is essential from the clinical point of view but still not sufficiently clear. The aim of the study was to examine the effects of 1 MAC, 2 MAC, 3 MAC sevoflurane on intracranial pressure (ICP), mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) and heart rate (HR) in rabbits with experimental intracerebral haematoma (ICH). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The experiments were performed in 13 adult rabbits, 3.5-4.0 kg weight. The rabbits were randomly allocated to two different groups. In group I, (n = 7), sevoflurane was administered in stepwise increasing concentrations of 2.2 vol%, 4.4 vol% and 6.6 vol%, each for a period of 15 minutes. In group II (n = 6), intracerebral haematoma was produced and subsequently sevoflurane was administered in the same manner as in group I. Ventilation parameters, inspiratory and end-tidal sevoflurane concentration, end-tidal CO2 concentration (ETCO2), HR, MABP, ICP and body temperature, measured in the nasopharynx, were monitored throughout the experiment. RESULTS: Mean values of ETCO2 and temperature in the nasopharynx were not significantly different in both groups and remained stable in the whole observation period. In group II in all cases the evidence of intraventricular haematoma was observed. In this group mean values of ICP, MABP and HR after haematoma production were significantly higher than those in group I. Statistically significant increase of ICP was observed in 30th minute in group I, while in 35th minute in group II. In both groups a statistically significant decrease in MABP was observed from 20th minute of observation. A significant decrease in HR in both groups from 25th minute of experiment was also observed. CONCLUSION: In conclusion it should be stressed that sevoflurane, in doses not exceeding 1 MAC, shows no significant effect on ICP and cardiovascular function in the course of intracranial haematoma.

Anesthetics, Inhalation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Testing of facial nerve conduction after lower lip reconstruction].

Facial nerve conduction was tested after lip reconstruction from flaps of labial and buccal muscles. The neuromuscular activity in the flaps was maintained. The delay of electrical response was greater in case of buccal flaps than labial flaps. Conduction delay is explained by the authors as result of elongation of the route of the electrical impulse caused by cutting of a part of the rami of the parotid plexus and stretching or compression of nervous rami by the surrounding tissues.

Facial Nerve Injuries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of somatosensory evoked potentials for prognostic evaluation of patients with intracerebral hematoma].

Evoked somatosensory potential (SEP) was studied in 15 patients with intracerebral haematomas comparing the obtained results with those in healthy subjects. In all studied patients the diagnosis was based on clinical picture and on computerized tomography. In 6 patients normal symmetrical records of SEP or records with slight differences of latency, amplitude or symmetry of various components between the ipsilateral and contralateral side in relation to the pathological focus were obtained. The postoperative course in this group was good. In 9 patients SEP on the ipsilateral or contralateral side (in relation to the pathological focus) was absent or deformed. The postoperative course in this group was unfavourable, and all patients died despite intensive treatment.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Somatosensory evoked potentials following lesions of the claustrum.

Ipsi- and contralateral cortical somatosensory evoked potentials (SEP) were recorded following median nerve stimulation in 12 patients with unilateral brain lesions and in 5 healthy subjects. Computed tomographic scans of brain were performed on admission. In all patients with lesions of the claustrum there was absence of SEP contralateral to the side of the lesion and ipsilateral to the stimulated nerve. This phenomenon did not appear in our material following lesions involving other structures e.g. thalamus or somatosensory cortex. Our observations suggest that the claustrum may influence deeply the contralateral somatosensory cortex. This may be due to the fact that a large part of the claustrum is involved in transmission of the sensory information from receptors to the somatosensory cortex.

Brain Injuries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Electrophysiological analysis of the degree of damage and regeneration of the facial nerve in tumors of the cerebellopontile angle].

In 7 patients with peripheral facial nerve paralysis during the development of pontocerebellar angle tumor or caused by damage to the nerve during surgical removal of the tumour the blink reflex and the peripheral nerve conduction were studied. Additionally, in 5 of these cases clinical and electrophysiological follow-up was carried out after operations of anastomosing of the hypoglossal nerve to the facial nerve. In all these cases the blink reflex was absent after the operation. On the other hand, from the third month on after the anastomotic operation a return was observed of the conduction in the facial nerve. Complete condution never returned despite evident clinical improvement in some case. Muscle atrophy, involuntary movements or associated movements in the facial muscles on the side of the anastomosis, which are frequent during spontaneous regeneration, were never observed.

Adult↗