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Biomedical subjects

J Moses

Publications and source records attributed to J Moses.

89 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Proptosis and increase of intraocular pressure in voluntary lid fissure widening.

The eyeball proptoses about 0.5 mM and increases in intraocular pressure (IOP) about 2 mmHg with voluntary widening of the lid fissure. The findings probably result from the retraction of the upper lid into the orbit, thus increasing the volume of orbit contents and forcing the eyeball forward. Decrease in IOP with repeated tonometry may result, in part, from decay of the increased pressure induced by lid fissure widening.

Eyelids↗
PubMed1983

REM-NREM cycle in the cat may be sleep-dependent.

The periodicity of the rapid eye movement-nonrapid eye movement (REM-NREM) cycle in real time versus compressed sleep was determined by autocorrelation, computed on the sequence of sleep stages in recordings from spontaneously sleeping cats. The resulting autocorrelation function was correlated to damped cosine waves, and the highest squared correlation coefficient (r2) was taken as indicating the most likely periodicity in the data entered for each animal. The periodicity of REM sleep was stronger (significantly higher r2) in the compressed sleep data than in the real-time data, indicating sleep dependency of the REM-NREM cycle. The REM-NREM cycle lengths determined by the autocorrelation technique were not significantly different for the real-time and compressed sleep data. The REM sleep episode interval, defined as the average interval between the start of successive REM sleep episodes, was significantly shorter for real-time sustained sleep than the cycle lengths as determined by the autocorrelation technique. A model is proposed which explains this phenomenon as due to fragmentation of REM sleep within the time periods with high probability for REM sleep. When such fragmentation occurs, the average REM sleep episode interval will not reflect an ultradian REM sleep periodicity.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Circadian variation in performance, subjective sleepiness, sleep, and oral temperature during an altered sleep-wake schedule.

The effect of an altered sleep-wake schedule on the interrelation of oral temperature, performance, and sleepiness was studied in 38 male Naval volunteers who maintained a 60 min treatment--160 min testing schedule for 40 consecutive hrs. During the 60 min treatment portion of each epoch, 8 subjected napped, 10 subjects exercised, and 20 subjects rested in bed. Sleep measures (for the nap subjects), oral temperature, performance on several tests, and Stanford Sleepiness Scale ratings were obtained at 10 equidistant intervals throughout the 40-hr period. Within-subject correlations showed that minimum oral temperature was significantly associated with maximum nap sleep time, errors on a vigilance task, and sleepiness ratings. In the nap subjects, errors and sleepiness ratings were highest following naps with high total sleep time, suggesting that sleep was detrimental to immediately subsequent performance and alertness. The distribution and interrelation of temperature, errors, and sleepiness, however, was similar in the three groups; this indicated that the synchronous circadian variation in these measures was responsible for the apparent detrimental effect of sleep in the nap subjects. When the diurnal effect was removed by holding time of day constant, the correlations among the variables fell to near-zero, indicating no causal relationship among the variables independent of the circadian rhythm.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

An anatomical basis for the resistance and capacitance in series with excitable membrane of the squid giant axon.

To correlate periaxonal tissue layer resistance with Schwann cell layer anatomy, cross and longitudinal sections of giant axons of Loligo pealei were examined by transmission electron microscopy. Measurements were made of the width and frequency of mesaxonal clefts entering the Schwann cell layer from the periaxonal space and leaving the cell layer adjacent to the basal lamina. The average mesaxonal cleft width is 10.5 nm. One cm2 of the giant axon surface is enclosed by a single cell layer containing about 690 000 Schwann cells. One cm2 of axon surface has a sheath mesaxonal area of 0.002 cm2 at the periaxonal surface and 0.016 cm2 at the basal lamina, the mesaxons branching frequently as they cross the sheath. The volume of the Schwann cell layer extracellular space was estimated to be roughly 1% of the Schwann cell layer volume. Several models were used to predict the resistance R, across the Schwann cell layer. Assuming the mesaxonal clefts contain seawater, and can be lumped into volume conductors having simple geometries, then (normalized for one cm2 of axon surface) R was estimated to be between 0.4 and 0.9 omega cm2. This compares favourably with electrophysiological estimates of the periaxonal tissue resistance (current clamp value = 0.9 omega cm2 and the voltage clamp value = 1.4 omega cm2) as these electrically measured values include the resistance across the outer connective tissue layer as well as the Schwann cell layer. The value of the Schwann cell membrane capacity was estimated to be approximately 0.7 muF/cm2.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Absence of Chlamydia pneumoniae in surgical specimens of coronary and carotid arteries by polymerase chain reaction.

PURPOSE: Several recent articles indicate the renewed interest that Chlamydia pneumoniae is associated with and contributes to arterial diseases. Associations have been established for coronary arteries, carotid arteries and abdominal aortic aneurysms by serological studies, immunofluorescence and DNA-specific testing. The purpose of this study was to determine the presence of C. pneumoniae in coronary artery plaques, carotid artery plaques and old vein grafts that were harvested at the time of surgery. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Interventions were carried out on patients with carotid artery disease and coronary disease based upon their anatomic findings and symptomatology. Plaques were removed from the carotid arteries with standard endarterectomy techniques. The coronary plaques were removed utilizing blunt dissection to peel the plaque from the coronary artery. Old vein grafts were harvested during repeat surgery by excising the vein grafts. The tissue specimens were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS: Ninety-nine specimens from 68 consecutive patients with advanced coronary atherosclerosis with or without cerebrovascular disease were analyzed. We failed to find C. pneumoniae in any of the vascular tissue. CONCLUSIONS: A large cooperative study involving surgical specimen analysis is needed to assess the role of C. pneumoniae in the etiology of atherosclerosis.

Blood Vessel Prosthesis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Augmentation of the expression of proangiogenic genes in cardiomyocytes with low dose laser irradiation in vitro.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Several reports suggest that low power red laser light (LPRLL) is capable of affecting cellular processes in the absence of significant thermal effect. The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of LPRLL on proliferation of fetal cardiomyocytes in vitro and on the expression of proangiogenic genes, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: All cell cultures were irradiated with single-dose LPRLL using a He-Ne continuous wave laser (632 nm) with different doses. The effect of LPRLL on new DNA synthesis was studied by 3H thymidine-incorporation assay. VEGF and TGF-beta expression by cardiomyocytes was studied by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS: We observed that a dose-dependent increase in cardiomyocytes proliferation can be obtained with LPRLL and that there is a significant increase in VEGF and TGF-beta mRNA expression by cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSIONS: These data may have significant importance leading to the establishment of new methods for myocardial photoangiogenesis and photoregeneration as well as in vitro proliferation of cardiac myocytes.

Base Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Matched comparison of slotted tubular and coil stents: differences in acute gain, loss index, and clinical outcome.

Different stent designs may produce differences in immediate and long-term outcome. The objective of this study was to compare the immediate results and long-term outcomes of patients with lesions undergoing implantation of a single slotted tubular stent (Palmaz-Schatz) or a single coil stent (Gianturco-Roubin I). For this purpose, the authors studied patients matched for lesion length and vessel size. The consisted of 135 patients (141 lesions), and the Gianturco-Roubin group was composed of 50 patients (56 lesions). The coil stent was more often used for bailout indications. Larger immediate lumen gain was achieved with the slotted tubular stent. At follow-up examination, there was no difference in stent thrombosis; however, there was a trend toward lower angiographic restenosis and target-lesion revascularization in the Palmaz-Schatz group. Randomized trials using larger numbers of patients are needed to determine differences in outcome among different stent designs.

Aged↗