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Biomedical subjects

J R Muhm

Publications and source records attributed to J R Muhm.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

Roentgenographic findings in thoracic aortic dissection.

Review of 91 confirmed cases of thoracic aortic dissection revealed that the findings on the plain films of the chest often were suggestive of the diagnosis, with abnormalities in the aortic countour, especially when comparison was made with previous roentgenograms. The diagnosis was definitively made in 52 cases by retrograde transfemoral or transaxillary catheterization accomplished without complication. The most common angiographic findings were opacification of the false lumen, visualization of an intimal flap, and deformity of the true lumen. Early diagnosis and institution of appropriate therapy can improve survival in this disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Routine chest roentgenography in pregnancy.

In an effort to determine if routine prenatal chest roentgenograms were of practical value, the records of 12,109 consecutive deliveries at the Mayo Clinic were reviewed retrospectively. The roentgenograms were obtained during the first or second prenatal visit and additionally when warranted by notable symptoms or physical findings in subsequent prenatal visits. Forty-eight patients had appreciable roentgenographic abnormalities. The findings of the general medical examination (which was routinely done at the first prenatal visit) were reviewed to determine if the chest abnormalities would have been suspected from the results of physical examination alone. In every case, a positive history or abnormal physical finding would have suggested the presence of the major abnormality or of the need for roentgenography to be performed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Computed tomography of the mediastinum.

Findings from the first 430 CT examinations of the thorax performed at the Mayo Clinic were compared with results of film studies and the most certain later diagnoses in the same cases. Results were analyzed by disease and by mediastinal compartment. CT was superior in staging bronchogenic carcinoma, detecting abnormal masses, and in demonstrating mediastinal normally when plain films were equivocal. It generally gave clear delineations of lesions and distinguished them better from normal structures, and, in correlation with clinical data, it was more accurate in suggesting whether they were benign or malignant.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1978

Comparison of whole lung tomography and computed tomography for detecting pulmonary nodules.

Detecting pulmonary metastasis is important when planning surgical therapy, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy in patients with known malignancy. A series of 91 patients was studied by both whole lung tomography and computed tomography (CT) of the lungs. More pulmonary nodules were detected with CT than with whole lung tomography in 32 (35%) of the patients. Of the 91 patients in the study, 31 had resection of some or all of the pulmonary nodules. In 27 patients, the nodules were primary or metastatic malignant lesions. Bilateral pulmonary nodules were detected with CT in 13 patients when whole lung tomography had demonstrated nodules in only one lung. CT has replaced whole lung tomography as the method preferred by the authors for detecting pulmonary nodules in selected patients at risk to develop pulmonary metastasis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Dumbbell neurogenic tumors of the mediastinum. Diagnosis and management.

Among 706 collected cases of mediastinal neurogenic tumors were 69 patients (9.8%) with extension through an intervertebral foramen, so that the composite neoplastic mass was dumbbell-shaped. Although only 10% of these dumbbell tumors were malignant, the majority of the patients presented with neurologic symptoms of spinal cord compression. In about 40% of reported cases, the intraspinal component, although present, was not clinically apparent. Such cases of asymptomatic intraspinal extension should be suspected when special roentgenologic views of the spine demonstrate erosion of the vertebral pedicle or enlargement of the intervertebral foramen adjacent to the posterior mediastinal mass. Workup of these patients should include myelographic studies to determine whether a dumbbell tumor is indeed present; if it is, surgery should be carried out by a team of thoracic surgeons and neurosurgeons in a one-stage combined resection of both the intraspinal and the mediastinal component of the tumor. With early diagnosis and surgical intervention, long-term survival is the rule. When the patient is in the pediatric age bracket, an orthopedic surgeon should be included on the team to help minimize subsequent skeletal growth deformity.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Detection of pulmonary nodules by computed tomography.

In 11 of 23 patients, computed tomography of the chest detected pulmonary nodules that were not detected by conventional chest radiography or whole lung tomography. CT is recommended for patients suspected of having pulmonary metastasis and those with a solitary pulmonary nodule.

Carcinoma, Small Cell↗
PubMed1977

Use of computed tomography in the detection of pulmonary nodules.

The ability of computed tomography of the lungs to detect pulmonary nodules was compared with that of conventional chest roentgenography and whole-lung tomography. Computed tomography detected more pulmonary nodules in 10 of 29 patients studied with both computed tomography and whole-lung tomography. Computed tomography of the lungs is the most accurate noninvasive method available for detecting pulmonary nodules.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1977

Pleuropulmonary manifestations of ankylosing spondylitis.

In published reports, the incidence of pleuropulmonary involvement in ankylosing spondylitis varies from 0 to 30%. A review of the records of 2,080 patients with ankylosing spondylitis disclosed 28 who had pleuropulmonary manifestations that we believe are typical of those associated with ankylosing spondylitis (an incidence of 1.3%). Among these 28 patients, the most common abnormality was upper lobe fibrobullous lesions. Five had aspergillomas and two had infections-one caused by Mycobacterium kansasii and one by Mycobacterium avium. Three patients had transient pleural effusion of an exudate with normal sugar content. Two had nonspecific pleuritis, found on pleural biopsy. Thoracotomy for aspergilloma was followed by bronchopleural fistula in one of two cases--approximately the ratio found in the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Computed tomography of the body: initial clinical trial with the EMI prototype.

A review of the first 400 cases examined on one of three prototype EMI body scanners is presented. During the initial evaluation phases, it became obvious that computed tomography of the body has tremendous potential in the evaluation of various organs and disease states. The technique has been most useful in evaluating patients with known or suspected abdominal neoplasm, particularly lesions of liver, pancreas, retroperitoneum, and kidney. Too few cases have been studied to realistically quantitate its impact on the total field of medical diagnostic imaging.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1976

The evaluation of tracheal abnormalities by tomography.

At present, linear plain-film tomography of the trachea is the method of choice for demonstrating the location of post-tracheostomy stenotic lesions and tracheal tumors. This technique does not further compromise the patient's respiratory status, as sometimes occurs with positive-contrast studies using iodine-containing materials, and the radiation dose to the patient from plain-film tomography is considerably less than that from xerotomography.

Adolescent↗