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Biomedical subjects

J R Nethercott

Publications and source records attributed to J R Nethercott.

66 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Genital ulceration due to Stoddard solvent.

Five cases of ulcerative and erythematous lesions on the genitals and buttocks which occurred among workers whose coveralls had been dry-cleaned using Stoddard solvent are presented. A typical clinical picture and investigative results were consistent with irritant contact dermatitis. The literature on the two most commonly used dry-cleaning fluids is reviewed. The hazards of dry-cleaning chemicals, both for workers in dry-cleaning shops and for their clients who wear the cleaned clothes, are outlined. Suggestions pertaining to the avoidance of cutaneous reactions are detailed.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Skin problems associated with multifunctional acrylic monomers in ultraviolet curing inks.

Fifteen cases of contact dermatitis and three of irritant contact conjunctivitis due to multifunctional acrylic monomers in printing inks are described. Seven with dermatitis were sensitized to pentaerythritol triacrylate but evidenced no cross-reactivity to methyl methacrylate. The other eight cases of dermatitis were irritant. Pentaerythritol triacrylate has been shown experimentally to be a cutaneous sensitizer for guinea-pigs and man. Multi-functional acrylates should be handled with minimal skin contact, to avoid cutaneous problems.

Acrylates↗
PubMed1978

Histoplasmosis due to Histoplasma capsulatum var duboisii in a Canadian immigrant.

Histoplasmosis due to Histoplasma capsulatum var duboisii developed in a Canadian immigrant one year after his entry into Canada. He had lived in Guinea for two years prior to immigration. Lymphatic infection characterized the course of his illness. The clinical and pathologic features of this disease's distinctive skin and bone manifestations are outlined. The causal agent's mycologic features are compared with those of H capsulatum var capsulatum. Treatment with amphotericin B was successful.

Adult↗
PubMed1973

Epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica treated with vitamin E and oral corticosteroids.

A 12-year-old boy with histologically proved epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica was treated daily with 10,000 IU of DL-alphatocopheryl acetate and prednisone 120 mg. Comparison of a control study period of seven weeks with the period during which vitamin E was given revealed no significant improvement. The same negative results were noted with the use of prednisone although the levels believed necessary to produce improvement were never attained owing to supervening infection.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The economic impact of smoking in Canada.

A cost-benefit analysis of smoking, using an attributable risk approach, has been carried out for Canada and for three regions within Canada. The total cost of the consequences of tobacco use--in terms of extra deaths, disability, hospitalization, physician services, and fire losses due to tobacco use--in all cases exceeded the total consumer expenditure for tobacco products. The excess was estimated to have a range from $14 to $127 (1983 Canadian dollars) per person per year. This represents the amount that an individual in society would gain, on average, if tobacco use was eliminated from the society for one year. Tobacco use was also found to be responsible for 12 to 17 per cent of all adult deaths, 4 to 5 per cent of all adult disability days, 12 to 14 per cent of all days of hospitalization, and 2 to 3 per cent of all physician visits.

Canada↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Health status of funeral service workers exposed to formaldehyde.

A study of 84 funeral service workers and 38 control subjects in Toronto, Canada, revealed that the embalmers reported chronic bronchitis, dyspnea, and nasal, eye, and skin irritation more frequently than controls. Apprentices reported symptoms and exhibited signs of irritation more frequently than experienced embalmers, but both of these groups were more affected than the inactive embalmers or the controls. Airborne formaldehyde levels were 0.36 +/- 0.19 ppm (mean +/- standard deviation) during 22 embalming procedures. General ventilation was shown to significantly lower the levels. No significant change in forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 sec, FEF50 or FEF75 was demonstrated with formaldehyde exposure nor were the baseline lung function results significantly different from those 38 unexposed controls. Based on patch testing, 4% and 10% were sensitive to formaldehyde and glutaraldehyde, respectively, whereas none of the controls exhibited positive reactions.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Health status of copper refinery workers with specific reference to selenium exposure.

Copper refinery workers exposed to selenium were studied before, during, and after a shutdown period. Urine selenium levels were 83 +/- 30 mumol/mol creatinine and 69 +/- 27 mumol/mol creatinine when measured on two occasions during exposure compared with 56 +/- 17 mumol/mol creatinine when the workers had been free of exposure for 10 wk during a shutdown. The refinery workers reported more nose and eye irritation, indigestion, stomach pain, and fatigue than controls. "Garlic-like" breath odor was reported to be personally and socially offensive by many of the workers. Reporting of symptoms, pulmonary function indices, and laboratory test results did not change with exposure except for hemoglobin level, which rose during the shutdown. Hemoglobin levels were found to be inversely correlated with the urine selenium level, and there was a positive correlation noted for the interactive effect of urine selenium and urine arsenic levels on hemoglobin.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Multiple chemical sensitivities syndrome: toward a working case definition.

A study was conducted to identify clinical diagnostic criteria that experts regarded as major for categorizing patients as having multiple chemical sensitivities (MCS) syndrome. A cross-sectional survey of 148 medical practitioners with an interest in, or familiarity with, the condition was performed scoreable questionnaires were returned by 60.1% of those surveyed. The following five criteria, all based on self-reports, were selected as major for diagnosing the syndrome by more than 50% of the respondents: (1) symptoms are reproducible with exposure; (2) condition is chronic; (3) low levels of exposure result in manifestations of the syndrome; (4) symptoms resolve with removal of incitants; and (5) responses occur to multiple, chemically unrelated substances. It is proposed that the major criteria accepted by the majority of survey respondents be used provisionally as the basis for categorizing cases in investigations of MCS syndrome.

Allergy and Immunology↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Disability due to occupational contact dermatitis.

In 1977 skin disease accounted for 65% of industrial disease claims, and work-related contact dermatitis accounted for the bulk of these. Such cases pose a significant problem to all concerned: compensation authorities, occupational physicians, dermatologists, industry, unions, and affected workers and their families. The physician must create reasonable expectations in the mind of the patient in order to avoid predicting rapid resolution of the dermatitis.

Dermatitis, Contact↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fitness to work with skin disease and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990.

The Americans with Disabilities Act seeks to prevent applicants from being denied work of which they are capable. This chapter discusses the act and its advantages for persons with disabilities. The author also describes skin diseases that constitute a basis for excluding a prospective employee and skin diseases that can become aggravated in the workplace.

Dermatitis, Occupational↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prognosis of occupational skin disease.

Occupational contact dermatitis has enormous medical, social, and economic consequences in the American workplace. The prognosis for clearing of the condition is poor. The authors of this chapter address the prevalence of occupational skin disease, the natural history and outcome of occupational contact dermatitis, and the effect of a change in occupation.

Dermatitis, Occupational↗