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Biomedical subjects

J Süss

Publications and source records attributed to J Süss.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[A solitary central maxillary incisor and holoprosencephaly in siblings].

In families in which holoprosencephaly seems to be inherited by a rare dominant autosomal mutation, some individuals exhibit a single central maxillary incisor (SCMI). This anomaly was considered a minimal manifestation of the gene for holoprosencephaly. We report on a family, in which one child suffered from median cleft lip and palate and alobar holoprosencephaly, whereas the other child only had a SCMI. In the father and his sister lateral upper incisors were absent. Therefore the question is raised as to whether this anomaly may be related to the same condition.

Anodontia↗
PubMed1990

Influence of membranes on generation of beta 2 M and release of leukocyte lysosomal enzymes.

Normal leukocyte functional capacity was investigated by evaluation of phagocytosis of opsonised yeast cells in a radiometric test system. After incubation with dialysis membranes (different cellulosic membranes, polysulfon membrane (PS), polymethylmetacrylate membrane (PMMN), the phagocytosis index, expressed as percent decrease with respect to initial values without membrane, decreased by 10%-25%. The most pronounced effect was observed with PS, cuprophane, modified cellulose and PMMA. The results are not related to differences in the viability of PMN during the test procedure; dead PMN amounted to about 4-6.5%. A significant increase in beta-NAG and beta-Gluc activities was released in the supernatants of the phagocytosis suspensions. This increase activity can be explained by the phagocytosis of PMN but it was not influenced by membrane contact. There was no influence of membrane contact or phagocytosis activity of PMN on the beta 2 M concentration in the supernatant demonstrating that no in vitro generation during incubation with either membrane exists.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1989

Birch sap and birch leaves extract: screening for antimicrobial, phagocytosis-influencing, antiphlogistic and antipyretic activity.

Birch sap and birch leaves extract have been screened for antimicrobial, phagocytosis-influencing, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activity. No antimicrobial effects could be detected in the agar-diffusion test with staphylococcus as test strain, whereas birch sap exhibited some inhibitory effect on phagocytosis, which exceeded that of the citric acid added to the birch sap as preservative. In rats, only the high doses of 1 and 2 ml/100 g b.m. birch sap had a weak and short-lasting anti-inflammatory activity against the Carrageenin edema, whereas birch leaves extract proved to be ineffective. Fever induced by baker's yeast in rats was inhibited by birch leaves extract in the high dose of 4 ml/100 g b.m. significantly, but not by birch sap, and only for a short period. Acetylsalicyclic acid had a much higher anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activity. Altogether despite of detectable anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and phagocytosis-inhibiting effects of these birch products no therapeutic activity of importance compared with classical and modern antipyretics-analgetics can be demonstrated.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Development of mathematical models for an in vitro-phagocytosis test system.

Phagocytosis tests have been carried out by many authors using different methods under different conditions. The results have been interpreted in different ways, as well sometimes with conflicting notations. In order to get to a more systematic data analysis and to separate intrinsic from methodic influences, the possibility to apply mathematical models to a phagocytosis test has been studied. In agreement with previous experiences that phagocytosis can well be represented by a mathematical treatment as Michaelis-Menten-type enzyme kinetics concerning its initial rate and by an exponential function under in vivo conditions, in vitro-phagocytosis was phenomenologically described as an analogon of an irreversible bimolecular chemical reaction. In this way, rate and capacity of phagocytosis may be quantified separately. On the basis of systematic deviations of the data from this model, modifications have been developed which could be connected with pertinent observations. The design of further experiments from preliminary results on the basis of our models is discussed.

Granulocytes↗
PubMed1987

[The single hormone hypothesis. An instructive episode in the history of ovarian endocrinology].

In the mid-twenties of the present century renowned scientists held the opinion that only one female sex hormone is secreted by the ovary. A survey is given how this hypothesis arose, for which reasons it was favoured and why it had to be given up. The importance of the Allen-Doisy test (1923) and the Corner-Allen test (1929) and of the publications by these authors is stressed. Finally, it is shown that Thomas S. Kuhn's theory, explaining how scientific advance is promoted by changing a paradigm, is also applicable to this phase of research in ovarian endocrinology as well.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

[Historical retrospective. Lipamin (Agomensin) and luteolipoid (Sistomensin). Animal experiments and preliminary clinical experiences].

In 1914 "Lipamin" and "Luteolipoid", two extracts of corpus luteum, were developed at the University Gynaecological Hospital in Erlangen, Bavaria. The process of their preparation, protected by patents, was exploited soon after that by Ciba, Basel, who named their products Agomensin and Sistomensin. The history of their development, their effects in animal experiments, as well as their early therapeutical application to women are reported. Special reference is made to the patent specifications and to the lectures held at meetings of the Bavarian Society of Gynaecology and Obstetrics.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

The influence of selected urinary constituents on the adhesion process of Escherichia coli to human uroepithelial cells.

In the pathogenesis of infectious diseases, great importance is attached to the problem of adhesion of bacteria to cells. In 100 urine specimens from normal test persons, patients with infections of the lower urinary tract, with chronic pyelonephritis and glomerulonephritis were studied. The adhesion of strains of Escherichia coli to human uroepithelial cells depended on the concentration of single urinary factors. While increased concentrations of urea and creatinine favored the adhesion process, a statistically significant negative influence was found with regard to potassium, immunoglobulins and pH value. Considering the multifactorial effects of the urinary constituents, we found in a multivariate comparison that none of the studied physiological features alone exerts a fundamental influence upon adhesion, but in their entirety they determine the environmental conditions for the adhesion of bacteria to cells in the urine.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

The in vitro activity of lectin I from mistletoe (ML I) and its isolated A and B chains on functions of macrophages and polymorphonuclear cells.

We investigated the effects of ML I and its isolated chains, A and B, in regard to selected functions of phagocytes (human granulocytes, paraffin-oil stimulated M phi from guinea pigs). On these cells, ML I has no cytotoxic effect between 10(-14) and 10(-8) (trypan blue exclusion and ethidium bromide exclusion). Over the same concentration range, ML I and B chain diminish the negative surface charge of M phi and agglutinate M phi at concentrations greater than or equal to 2 X 10(-8) M (ML I) and greater than or equal to 3 X 10(-7) M (B chain), respectively. The diminishing of the negative surface charge shows two peaks, indicating the existence of two types of receptors on the M phi surface with different affinities for sugar-binding sites. Moreover, the B chain shows a third peak at higher concentrations (3 X 10(-8) M) that could be inhibited by D-galactose (greater than or equal to 10(-4) M). In comparison, the A chain reduces the surface charge at concentrations over 3 X 10(-7) M, but D-galactose has no effect on this. By means of the agarose droplet test, the spontaneous migration of M phi is inhibited in the sequence ML I much greater than B chain greater than A chain. The phagocytic activity of human leukocytes tested with a radiometric phagocytosis technique reveals an increasing effect only for the B chain; ML I and the A chain have no effect. Perhaps the mechanism of the described activities of ML I and its B chain are comparable with the action of lymphokines activating M phi.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Influence of chemotherapy on the phagocytic activity of mononuclear cells in patients with Hodgkin's disease.

The phagocytic activity of mononuclear cells (MNC) was measured in 18 healthy blood donors and 16 patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD) before and after a new chemotherapeutic cycle (Cyclophosphamide - Vincristine - Prednisone - Procarbazine, CVPP; Adriamycin - Bleomycin - Vinblastine - Decarbazine, ABVD) using radiolabeled, opsonized yeast cells. The phagocytic activity of the MNC of HD patients was found to be significantly higher than that of the healthy controls. In patients in whom chemotherapy induced remission or partial remission, phagocytic activity of MNC was also reduced significantly, while phagocytic activity was increased in two patients, whose clinical course was not influenced by therapy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Increased number of phagocytic cells among the peripheral blood lymphocytes of mammary tumor patients.

Blood lymphocytes of 15 malignant mammary tumor patients and 16 healthy blood donors were tested for latex particle phagocytosis. The mononuclear cell fraction of breast cancer patients has been shown to contain significantly higher number of phagocytic cells (39.13 +/- 13.93%) compared to the values of healthy controls (20.34 +/- 6.96%) (p less than 0.01). It was demonstrated that the majority of phagocytic cells adhered to the glass of the hemocytometer, thus they could be distinguished morphologically from the non-adherent, non-phagocytic cells. The number of ingested latex particles per phagocytic cell was also higher in patients. This result shows that the activity of phagocytic cells was also increased in mammary tumor patients compared to controls.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

The phagocytosis capacity assay: a new radiometric phagocytosis test for clinical use.

A radiometric technique is described for measuring phagocytosis which does not require separation of extra- and intracellular microorganisms. Following phagocytosis of optimally opsonized yeast cells (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) by mononuclear cells (MNC) or granulocytes, yeast cells remaining extracellular are labeled with [75Se]L-selenomethionine. To measure the phagocytic capacity of the cell population investigated, 1-4 x 10(6) leukocytes are incubated with 5, 10, 20, 30 and 40 x 10(6) yeast cells/ml for testing. Depending on the actual number of phagocytes in the cell populations investigated, different optimal yeast cell concentrations may be determined. Provided measurements are carried out at these optima even moderate effects of therapy can be detected. In a preliminary study of 22 patients with Hodgkin's disease it was shown, that the phagocytic activity of the MNC fraction was higher, but the activity of granulocytes lower, than that of the healthy controls. After combined chemotherapy the above mentioned values returned to normal. This simple, exact method is recommended for clinical use.

Granulocytes↗
PubMed1982

E-rosette forming cells and humoral antibody titres in humans after vaccination with three different inactivated influenza virus vaccines A/USSR/92/77 (H1N1).

The number of E-rosette forming cells and the serum haemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titres were examined in 37 volunteers immediately before and 14, 28, 35 and 63 days after immunization with three inactivated influenza virus vaccines A/USSR/92/77 (H1N1)--NIB 6 and in 11 non-vaccinated controls. From the former, 10 volunteers were immunized with 1000 haemagglutinin (HA) IU per dose, 11 volunteers with the NIB 6 adsorbate vaccine (340 HA IU/dose) and 16 volunteers with a bivalent vaccine composed of 180 HA IU/dose NIB 6 and 180 HA IU/dose of influenza virus A/Bangkok X-73 (H3N2). The percentage of E-rosette forming cells was decreased in all vaccinated volunteers 14 days after vaccination; later on the values reached normal level of non-vaccinated controls or of subjects before vaccination. The number of E-rosette forming cells was in correlation with the applied virus vaccine dose, i.e. for the 1000 HA IU/dose: 29.95 +/- 11.74%, p less than 0.001 and for the 340 HA IU/dose: 47.75 +/- 11.15%, p less than 0.005; however, after administration of 180 HA IU/dose of NIB 6 in the bivalent vaccine, the value 58.65 +/- 11.5% was not significantly decreased in comparison to non-vaccinated donors. The serum HI antibody titres reached the highest level 14 days after vaccination and remained constant during the next 6 weeks. There was a correlation between decreased E-rosette values and increased serum antibody titres (p less than 0.05). The current study indicates that the number of E-rosette forming cells may serve as a further laboratory criterion for controlling the effect of inactivated influenza virus vaccines on the immune system of man.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

[Reaction of influenza viruses with thymus-dependent lymphocytes].

Apart from the humoral immune response against influenza viruses recent years much attention has focussed on problems of cell-mediated immunity. The most important cell-mediated immune reactions of humans and experimental animals against influenza viruses and the most used in-vitro-assays were reviewed in the present paper. Especially the specificity of these reactions against the surface antigens of influenza viruses, hemagglutinin and neuraminidase was presented. A lot of open questions in the field of the cellular immune defense against influenza viruses were also shown.

Animals↗