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Biomedical subjects

J Süss

Publications and source records attributed to J Süss.

72 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Phagocytosis measurement in Hodgkin's disease and Non-Hodgkin lymphoma-patients with a new radiometric assay (author's transl)].

A new radiometric assay for measurement of phagocytosis of opsonized Saccharomyces cerevisiae by human mononuclear cells and granulocytes is presented. This assay based upon the incorporation of 75Se-L-selenomethionine of the extracellular yeast cells after the ingestion step without a separation procedure for intracellular and extracellular microorganisms. Therefore the assay is objective, not time consuming and convenient for clinical application. After standardization of the method, in a preliminary study phagocytosis was evaluated in 44 individuals: 16 healthy controls, 13 patients with Hodgkin's disease and 15 patients with Non-Hodgkin-lymphoma before treatment. In comparison to normal controls the phagocytosis in the mononuclear cell fraction of cancer patients was increased and in granulocytes decreased. The most extensive phagocytosis activity was shown in the mononuclear cell fraction of patients with Hodgkin's disease.

Cell Separation↗
PubMed1980

[Aetiology and importance of viral diseases of the respiratory tract (author's transl)].

After discussion of the epidemiological situation of acute respiratory diseases and their economic consequences, and after a survey of clinical signs and symptoms, a review is given of the most important viral agents causing such diseases. That are influenza, parainfluenza, respiratory syncytial, adeno, corona, REO, and rhino viruses, which are prevalent in the respiratory tract. Viruses predominantly localized outside of the respiratory tract as well as bacteria and bacteria-like microorganisms are only shortly mentioned. Most weight is given to virological problems (morphology, antigenic structure), to pathogenic property and importance of viruses causing acute respiratory diseases.

Adenoviruses, Human↗
PubMed1980

[Virological diagnostics of acute respiratory diseases].

Considering mainly practical aspects, a review of available methods of virological diagnosis of acute respiratory diseases is given. The first part contains the elements of virological diagnostics, especially a description and valuation of rapid detection of virus using fluorescent antibodies, and of haemadsorption technique for rapid diagnosis. Moreover, methods of viral isolation (cell cultures, embryonated eggs), conventional serological tests (CFR, HAIT, NT), and recent, not yet generally applied serological techniques (passive haemagglutination, indirect fluorescent antibody technique, haemadsorption inhibition test, radial immunodiffusion, radial immunohaemolysis, radio immune assay, enzyme linked immune assay) are described and valued as diagnostic tools in viral diseases of respiratory system. The second part deals with the specific diagnostics of infections by influenza, parainfluenza, RS-, adeno-, corona-, and rhinoviruses. Special instructions for the application of available tests and for the interpretation of results are given.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1979

Comparison of protein and DNA synthesis assays of guinea pig spleen lymphocytes after stimulation with influenza virus antigen and phytohemagglutinin.

Two in vitro-methods for demonstration of cell-mediated immune response are compared: Protein and DNA synthesis for detection of in vitro influenza virus antigen- and mitogen-induced lymphocyte stimulation. Guinea pig spleen lymphocytes sensitized with influenza virus antigen were tested in a microadaptation of the lymphocyte transformation test using 14C- or 3H-leucine and 3H-thymidine. As a positive control for T-cell stimulation PHA-induced lymphocyte stimulation was measured. The following results were obtained: 1. Kinetics of the incorporation of 14C-leucine and 3H-thymidine in lymphocytes incubated with optimal and suboptimal PHA-doses respectively are quantitatively similar but different in time. 2. The results of the protein- and DNA-synthesis stimulation assays were correlated against influenza virus antigens, this could not be described by the comparison of cellular and single humoral parameters. 3. The administration of influenza virus antigens in CFA induced a more intensive cell-mediated reaction than injections of antigens in aqueous suspensions, but the results of both methods of CMI were correlated. 4. The optimal CMI under the experimental conditions described is induced by an administration of 30 to 50 microgram virus protein per animal and by a combined intramuscular--intraperitoneal immunization procedure. 5. The measurement of the early stimulation of protein synthesis in the PSS-test is substantially more rapid than for the classical LTT.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Cell-mediated immunity to influenza virus antigen and mitogen in guinea pigs: measurement with a semimicro protein synthesis assay.

A rapid and precise method for the assay of cell-mediated immune response basing on protein synthesis stimulation of mitogen-activated guinea pig lymphocytes is modified in a way that enables the study of virus-immunological problems. When used as a micromethod it has the following advantages over conventional methods: short-term cell culture, need of low quantities of cells and rapid preparation of great numbers of samples for radioactivity measurements. In this study we report the results of comparative experiments on measuring lymphocyte stimulation after addition of PHA and stimulation of sensitized lymphocytes following contact with homologous influenza virus antigen in vitro. The most important reaction parameters are as follows: 5-6 . 10(5) spleen lymphocytes/microculture in microtiter plates, use of Eagles's MEM cell culture medium without leucine, supplemented with HEPES buffer and 10% autologous guinea pig serum; optimum lymphocyte stimulation by addition of 0.5 microliter PHA or 0.1-1.0 microgram virus protein/ml; immuno-stimulation by PHA can be measured in vitro already after 6 h and by influenzavirus antigen already after 24 h.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

[Specificity of interactions between thymus-dependent lymphocytes and influenza viruses (author's transl)].

Destruction of influenza virus-infected target cells by cytotoxic, thymus-derived lymphocytes (CTL) and the measurement of this reaction with an 51Cr-release assay is a practicable model for studying the complicated interactions between influenza viruses and T-lymphocytes. There is abundant evidence that T-cell-mediated lysis of influenza virus-infected target cells generally requires the H-2K or H2D region histocompatibility between CTL and target cells. Two general explanation have been proposed to account the requirement of the H-2 compatibility between lymphocytes and virus-infected target cells, the "altered self" concept and the "dual recognition" hypothesis. The specificity of the cytotoxic response against influenza viruses is dependent on the viral haemaglutinin. A second, cross-reactive subpopulation of CTL recognized furthermore the M protein as the traget antigen. The role of the target cells in determining the specificity of the CTL response is therefore of special importance for the infectivity of the influenza viruses.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Immunological problems of influenza virus infections].

Reference is made to results reported in literature as well as to some of the author's own findings for a summary account of specific immune responses to influenza virus infections. Some introductory comments on the correlations that exist between morphology and function of structural components of the influenza virus as well as on the pathogenesis and its relevance to the immunological responses are followed by a description of the humoral immune response. An assured correlation has been found to exist between the titres of hemagglutination-inhibiting antibodies with responses specific of subtypes and of strains for the protection against homologous influenza virus infection in terms of prevention of outbreak or mitigation of the pathological course. Anti-neuraminidase antibodies have influence upon virus expansion in the organism and in the given population as well as upon the severity of the disease. Particular importance has been attributed to the secretory immunoglobulins. Used in conjunction with interferone, they obviously had an infection-preventing function, wheras the primary role of serum anibodies was a reduction of severity. The studies into cell-mediated immune responses were much less intensive than those conducted into antibody formation. Cell-mediated immune response is thought to emanate from induction of hemagglutinin and is directed against the latter. Sufficient results have not become available as yet on the importance of cellular immune response to protection.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Relationship between aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (AAA) and cell division in temperature-sensitive filamentous mutants of Bacillus subtilis SB 19. III. Characterization of pre-incubation effect and effect of AAA-inhibitor produced by Agrostemma githago seedlings].

Further results on the correlations between the regulation of bacterial cell division and amino-acyl-tRNA synthetase are presented. Activity of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, extracted from a filamentous mutant of Bacillus subtilis SB 19, may be stimulated by preincubation of crude extracts. The mechanism of this stimulating effect has been studied by means of an inhibitor of amino-acyl-tRNA synthetases produced during the growth of Agrostemma githago-seedlings. According to preliminary results we suggest, this inhibitor can reduce the activity of subunits only, but not that of higher associates. Association of subunits to oligomers will be prevented by the inhibitor, too. Our results may be indicative of the assumption that the increase of enzyme activity during subunits with a low catalytic activity to functional oligomers. As to the verification of these hypotheses further work will still have to be done.

Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Detection of the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) in ticks in several federal "Länder" of Germany by means of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)--characterization of the virus.

The aim of the present study was to analyse the current epidemiological situation with respect to TBE in the new federal "Länder" of Germany and in Saarland through detection of the TBEV genome in unengorged ticks using an RT-PCR technique. 22,273 ticks (Ixodes ricinus) were collected in the five new "Länder" (and some in Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg) and divided into 294 pools. It was possible to detect TBEV RNA in six pools of ticks from Mecklenburg Western-Pomerania [4], Brandenburg [1], Thuringia [1] (and in three pools from Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg). The nucleotide sequence data of the PCR products were analysed and compared. In Saarland 8,780 ticks were collected in 70 habitats from all the geographic regions and analysed using the PCR in 21 pools; two pools produced positive PCR signals (Saarlouis, Perl). We cannot as a result make a general recommendation that TBE-immunization be introduced in Saarland and in the new federal Länder of Germany. In Germany, however, TBE immunoprophylaxis in Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg is very important.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The Zimmermann-Laband syndrome.

We report on two patients who exhibit the typical features of the rare Zimmermann-Laband syndrome such as gingival fibromatosis, swelling of perioral tissues, nail hypo/aplasia, and abnormalities of terminal phalanges. The older patient suffers from epileptic seizures and shows osseous mandibular hypertrophy, two maxillary mesiodentes and lumbar spondylodysplasia. In the 2nd patient, a 3 year old male, the characteristic morphological features are already present.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Survey of the hemagglutinin (HA) cleavage site sequence of H5 and H7 avian influenza viruses: amino acid sequence at the HA cleavage site as a marker of pathogenicity potential.

The deduced amino acid sequence at the hemagglutinin (HA) cleavage site of 76 avian influenza (AI) viruses, subtypes H5 and H7, was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and cycle sequencing techniques to assess pathogenicity. Eighteen of the 76 viruses were isolated in 1993 and 1994 from various sources in the United States. In addition, 34 H5 (4 highly pathogenic [HP] and 30 non-highly pathogenic [non-HP]) and 24 H7 (3 HP and 21 non-HP) repository viruses, isolated between 1927 and 1992, were sequenced and the sequences compared to those in recent isolates. All repository HP H5 and H7 viruses studied had multiple basic amino acids adjacent to the HA cleavage site and most had basic amino acids in excess of the proposed minimum motif B-X-B-R (B = basic amino acids arginine or lysine, X = nonbasic amino acid, R = arginine) that has been associated with high pathogenicity. Of the non-HP viruses studied, 35 of 38 for H5 and 30 of 31 for H7 conformed to the motif B-X-X-R and B-X-R, respectively. Two non-HP H5 viruses had the motif X-X-X-R at the cleavage site and a third had the motif B-X-X-K (K = basic amino acid lysine). One non-HP H7 (A/Pekin robin/CA/30412-5/94) had four basic amino acids (K-R-R-R) adjacent to the cleavage site. Although the Pekin robin isolate did not produce disease in chickens under the conditions of the study it did have the amino acid sequence compatible with that in HP AI viruses and, therefore, is considered potentially HP. This is the first account of an H7 virus that is non-HP in chickens but meets the molecular criterion to be classified as HP.

Amino Acid Sequence↗