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Biomedical subjects

J Scheinar

Publications and source records attributed to J Scheinar.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Personal experience in treatment of urolithiasis using the MEDILIT M6 extracorporeal lithotriptor].

The authors report on their experience with the destruction of kidney stones with the lithotriptor MEDELIT M6 of Medipo Co. BRNO on the development of which they participated. They checked 878 patients where the instrument was used and where the condition of a half-year interval after the operation had been met. In these patients 119 operations were made 87% of which were successful. No serious complications occurred; after operation they observed in 17% of the patients complications ensuing from a block of the ureter by the passing stones. The extracorporeal lithotriptor MEDELIT M6 is a reliable instrument with a low rate of defects and cheap operation which makes accurate X-ray and sonographic focusing on the stone possible as well as adequate disintegration of the concrement without damaging surrounding tissues. It is comparable with instruments of the same generation manufactured abroad.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

[Transvaginal urethrovesicopexy].

The authors present their own modification of Stamey's operation of female stress incontinence. Using a two-needle applicator of their own design, they introduce by transvaginal punction fibres next to the cervix of the bladder into the epigastrium. By tightening the fibres they elevate the cervix of the bladder. The elevation is checked by endoscopy. Using this method they operated 25 women. They did not observe any serious complications of the operation. Previous operations in the pelvis minor did not affect the duration of the operation.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

A comparison of various methods for cooling the kidney.

Various methods for achieving preoperative renal hypothermia were tested and evaluated. A kidney immersed in an oil bath solution at 4 degrees C resulted in the highest rate of contact hyperthermia at a determined safe temperature of cooling medium. The acquired basic temperature curve served as a model for the comparison of other methods tested. The results showed that perfusion hypothermia is most rapid but this method is limited by the number and state of the renal arteries and displays all the risks associated with cannulation of arteries. Covering the kidney with crushed ice led to a sufficiently rapid decrease in temperature but lack of regulation carries the danger of renal damage caused by excessive temperature reduction. The disadvantages of these methods were eliminated using a device developed and tested by the authors.

Humans↗
PubMed1994

Kidney temperature measurement. Thermistors for temperature measurement.

During a study of the protective effects of cold on kidney cells under conditions of interrupted blood circulation, it was found that attention must be paid to the temperature of kidney tissue in order to prevent cell damage caused by an excessively reduced temperature. The authors correspondingly developed an instrument for the measurement of kidney tissue temperature where thermal sensors located in a needle are able to measure deep temperature in live tissue under conditions of external hypothermia. Thermal sensors were also placed in a hypothermal coil for contact measurement of surface temperature of a cooled kidney and in a duct for supply of cooling medium into a coil. Construction of these devices is described and basic the characteristics of the thermistor and thermocouple sensors for temperature measurement are presented. After evaluation of advantages of the tested sensors, indications regarding their application are given.

Body Temperature↗
PubMed1994

A revised instrument for the regulated external cooling of the kidney.

The authors describe the instrument they have developed for the regulated external cooling of the kidney. This consists of a cooling thermostat fitted with a circulating pump, coils of their own construction for the surface cooling of the kidney and equipped with sensors for the measurement of kidney surface temperature, tube connectors, and a sensor for the measurement of the cooling medium temperature. A cooling liquid is supplied by means of a circulating pump from a thermostat through elastic tubes into the flow channels of the cooling coils. The temperature of the coolant is recorded by means of a thermistor sensor built into the system of tubes while the temperature of the kidney surface itself is monitored by a sensor installed in a coil. This permits the regulation of both the rate and depth of temperature reduction in order to prevent possible damage to the kidney caused by excessive temperature reduction. The efficiency and safety of this instrument were verified both experimentally and clinically.

Body Temperature↗
PubMed1994

A revised coil for the external cooling of the kidney.

The authors describe a coil they have developed for contact peroperative hypothermia of the kidney. This new type of coil eliminates the disadvantages of existing cooling coils, namely slow thermal transfer from kidney to cooling agent due to imperfect contact between the coil and the concave surface of the kidney, use of an inadequately conductive material and thermal losses from the outer surface of the coil. Special features of the coil described here include its construction to match the contours of the kidney, isolation of external shell to reduce thermal losses and continuous monitoring of renal tissue to reduce the danger of overcooling.

Body Temperature↗
PubMed1994

Protection of kidney cell against ischaemic damage by decreased kidney temperature.

At normal body temperature, kidney cells are highly sensitive to hypoxia. However, a bloodless operative field is advantageous in some interventions on the kidney. Kidney cells can be protected against the damage that might occur once blood flow has been interrupted pharmacologically or physically by reducing their temperature. The authors compare several methods for achieving renal hypothermia, including a method based on a device they developed themselves to eliminate defects found in existing equipment. The thermal curve obtained when the kidney is immersed in an oil bath cooled to 5 degrees C served as a model for other methods. Using the revised coil developed by the authors, renal hypothermia was achieved safely and efficiently. A combination of pharmacological and physiological methods is preferrable however in order to potentiate the effect of decreased temperature. This method was tested experimentally and then successfully applied in clinical practice.

Body Temperature↗
PubMed1994

The initial experience with doppler diagnosis of scrotum disease abstract.

Blood flow parameters in the scrota of 83 men with acute and chronic infra scrotal disease were compared with values from a sample of 70 healthy controls, using doppler ultrasonography. The results confirm the validity of this method in the diagnoses of scrotum disease when combined with other methods of examination. Technical difficulties are discussed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1994

Contribution to the clarification of heterogeneous foci within the prostate.

The determination of the nature of heterogeneous foci within the prostate is up till now insufficient. With the help of a standard method using a scanner with a changeable plane of cut and frequency of 7.0 MHz, 292 patients were examined with an enlarged or standard size of prostate and with morphologically proved prostate cancer. A high level of sensitivity and quite a low specification of examinations were found out. To distinguish the kind of heterogeneous foci within the prostate is of decisive importance for the carcinoma diagnostics. In 152 patients, the following characteristics were evaluated: the size, shape and contour of the focus, its localisation, echogenicity and homogeneity of echostructure. 70 patients were examined using a method evaluating the vascularisation of a tumour with CFM and the frequency analysis according to Furier. The results of examinations performed with the help of the above mentioned methods yielded some new experience, however, they did not contribute to the qualitative determination of heterogeneous intracapsular foci within the prostate. Their character can be defined only by punctual or aspirational biopsy.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

[Hypophysectomy as a possible therapy in prostatic carcinoma].

Hypophysectomy had been introduced in the therapy of advanced stages of prostatic carcinoma at the Clinic of Urology, University Hospital in Olomouc, in collaboration with the Research Institute of Higher Nervous Activity, 10 years ago. The tissue of the hypophysis is disintegrated thermodynamically which was performed in 19 patients. At the time of indication for this intervention, three patients had tumor in the stage T3, others in the stage T4. Metastatic spread to regional lymph nodes and skeleton was encountered in all cases. In 2 patients the grade of tumor activity was G2, in others G3. The intervention was indicated due to patient's permanent pains resistant to pharmacological alleviation. The life-span after intervention was 1 month up to 4 years. Remission was recorded in 70% of patients. Changes in serum levels of some hormones after various types of hormone therapy and hypophysectomy are compared.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Triorchidism.

Polyorchidism is a rare congenital abnormality. This is a case of triorchidism that was suggested preoperatively by scrotal sonography.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Bilateral testicular tumors].

Bilateral testicular tumours account for cca 2-4% of all testicular tumours. In 1975-1989 at the Urological Clinic of the Faculty Hospital with Policlinic in Olomouc a total of 272 patients with testicular tumours were treated, incl. 6 with bilateral tumours which developed successively. The interval between the development of the tumours was on average 5.8 years. All patients survive 1-9 years after the diagnosis of the contralateral tumour.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Comparison of digital and sonographic rectal examination in the diagnosis of carcinoma of the prostate].

Comparison of results of digital and sonographic rectal examination with morphological examination revealed a high percentage of agreement in prostate glands enlarged as a result of benign or malignant process, however, only in 50% in case of intraparenchymatous foci. It is possible to detect these foci sonographically even when the finding on palpation is normal. From the different echogenity conclusions cannot be drawn on the nature of the pathological process. Rectal sonography is a certain asset in the diagnosis of diseases of the prostate, the diagnosis of carcinoma of the prostate must be, however, proved by morphological examination.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

[Late complications after transvesical prostatectomy].

The authors critically estimate the long-term results of transvesical prostatectomies mainly from the view of the late complications. They focus their attention to the disturbance of the continence and the micturition, to the complications of the surgical wound healing and bladder stones created after the operation. They compare the late results of transvesical prostatectomy performed in two great groups of patients (524 and 864) during two periods of ten years through different technique. On the conclusion they discuss the reason of mentioned complications.

Humans↗
PubMed1990

Contribution of transurethral sonographic examination in diagnostics and treatment of superficial urinary bladder tumours.

For the determination of the operation treatment tactics concerning urinary bladder tumours, the state of the disease stage has the principal importance. Sonography introduction has reflected in more accurate diagnostics. The authors carried out the determination of the stage with the accuracy of 89.3% at 214 patients, having superficial tumours of the urinary bladder, who were treated by transurethral resection. The authors believe, that the most remarkable contribution consists in better possibility of the T2 and T3 stages differentiation.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

[Pyeloureterostomy in necrosis of the ureter in a transplanted kidney with a low ureteral fissure].

Duplication of the urinary pathways of a transplanted kidney makes the localization of the ureteral defect and its repair more difficult. The authors describe difficulties associated with detection of the site where urine escapes and with restoration of the continuity of the urinary pathways by pyelopyeloureterostomy in a female patient with transplantation of a kidney with low fissure of the ureter.

Female↗