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J Soares

Publications and source records attributed to J Soares.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Cytogenetic and fluorescence in situ hybridization studies in a case of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma.

Cytogenetic analysis of a case of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma revealed multiple numerical and structural chromosomal changes, including a der(9) add(9)(p22)hsr(9)(p?). Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) studies performed to identify the genetic nature of this derivative chromosome showed that both the additional material and the hsr region were composed of only chromosome 9 sequences and that the C-ABL oncogene was not one of the genes harbored at the hsr region. We suggest that amplification of gene(s) located at chromosome 9, other than the C-ABL, may play a significant role in anaplastic evolution of thyroid carcinomas.

Carcinoma↗
PubMed1998

Treatment of gastric MALT lymphoma by Helicobacter pylori eradication: a study controlled by endoscopic ultrasonography.

OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have demonstrated a link between Helicobacter pylori infection and low grade B-cell gastric MALT lymphoma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication in 17 patients with low grade B-cell gastric MALT lymphoma stage EI. METHODS: For disease staging EUS and CT scan were systematically performed. Eight patients were excluded from the present series because stage EII disease was diagnosed. To demonstrate B-cell monoclonality, immunohistochemistry and polymerase chain reaction were used. H. pylori eradication was performed with triple therapy. RESULTS: H. pylori was eradicated in all patients after first (n = 15) or second line (n = 2) treatment. Histologic regression of lymphoma was observed in all patients after a median period of 2 mo. Disappearance of monoclonality according to polymerase chain reaction took significantly longer (7 mo). At the end of the study, four of 16 patients still exhibited persistent monoclonal bands. Relapse of lymphoma occurred in two patients associated with H. pylori reinfection/recrudescence. CONCLUSION: Eradication of H. pylori seems to be an effective therapy in patients with stage EI gastric MALT lymphoma, although long-term results are still uncertain. Endoscopic ultrasonography is useful for a more accurate staging of the disease. The clinical significance of detecting monoclonality by polymerase chain reaction remains to be determined.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Short segments of Barrett's epithelium and intestinal metaplasia in normal appearing oesophagogastric junctions: the same or two different entities?

BACKGROUND: Endoscopic diagnosis of short segments of Barrett's epithelium (SSBE)' is difficult and its meaning in terms of the presence of specialised columnar epithelium (SCE) has not been prospectively evaluated. AIMS: To evaluate the prevalence of SCE in patients with an endoscopic diagnosis of SSBE and in individuals with normal appearing oesophagogastric junctions, and to compare the clinical characteristics of these two groups. PATIENTS: Thirty one patients with an endoscopic diagnosis of short Barrett's oesophagus, less than 3 cm in length (group A), and 44 consecutive patients with normal appearing oesophagogastric junctions (group B). METHODS: Multiple biopsies were performed in suspicious epithelium and at the oesophagogastric junction in groups A and B, respectively. RESULTS: Age and sex distribution were similar in both groups. Reflux symptoms were more frequent in group A (p < 0.001), as were endoscopic and histological signs of oesophagitis (p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). SCE was found in 61.3% of group A patients compared with 25% in group B (p < 0.002), with men predominating in group A while women were more frequent in group B (p = 0.02). The differences in reflux symptoms and endoscopic/histological oesophagitis remained significant. CONCLUSIONS: These results show that endoscopic diagnosis of SSBE is associated with a high prevalence of SCE, significantly higher than that found in normal appearing oesophagogastric junctions. Differences between patients with SCE in the two groups suggest they may represent two different entities.

Aged↗
PubMed1998

Predictors of a healthy workplace for Swedish and English psychiatrists.

BACKGROUND: Few studies have attempted to analyse the organisational aspects of the workplace that may affect the well-being of psychiatrists and even fewer have offered insights into what a positive workplace might look like. This study provides an outline of such a workplace, with reference to individual and organisational factors. In addition, a comparison is made between two European cities to check for cultural differences. METHOD: Three hundred and eighty psychiatrists from Stockholm and Birmingham responded to a previously tested questionnaire on their work environment. RESULTS: Predictors of a positive workplace for psychiatrists were: high self-esteem, satisfactory support with work-related problems, lower perceived workload, positive view of leadership, low work-related exhaustion and having a sense of participation in the organisation. There were few cultural differences. CONCLUSIONS: Measures should be taken to improve leadership skills for managers, to offer more support for work-related problems, and to allow psychiatrists to participate more in the organisation.

Anxiety↗
PubMed1998

Follicular thyroid carcinoma: chromosome analysis of 19 cases.

Short-term cultures of 19 follicular thyroid carcinomas were examined cytogenetically. Clonal chromosomal changes were detected in 12 tumors. Two follicular carcinomas had only numerical alterations: one with a hyperdiploid karyotype with trisomies/polysomies of chromosomes 7 and 12, similar to the karyotypes previously identified in a sub-group of benign thyroid lesions, and the other with monosomy 20. In the remaining ten cases several structural chromosome anomalies were found. Loss of the short arm of chromosome 3 was observed in one tumor. In two widely invasive and metastasizing follicular carcinomas there was a t(7;8)(p15;q24) as the sole abnormality in one case and a der(8)t(7;8)(p15;q24) together with other cytogenetic alterations in the other case. This finding suggests that t(7;8)(p15;q24) may be related to an aggressive behavior of follicular thyroid carcinomas.

Adenocarcinoma, Follicular↗
PubMed1997

p53 protein immunoexpression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and adjacent epithelium.

BACKGROUND: Immunoreactivity for p53 tumor suppressor gene product is commonly found in human malignancies and some premalignant lesions, but its role in cancer development and its value as a marker of tumor biologic behavior is still unclear. OBJECTIVES: This study was undertaken to assess p53 immunoexpression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and attempts to determine its correlation with morphological features associated with tumor behavior. METHODS: Immunohistochemical study was performed on archival paraffin-embedded tissue of 37 esophageal squamous cell carcinomas and respective adjacent mucosa. RESULTS: Twenty-one tumors (56.8%) demonstrated specific staining for p53. Sixteen areas of dysplasia were present in 14 out of the 35 cases. p53 positivity was found in one low-grade dysplasia and in six high-grade dysplasias. By univariate analysis, p53 immunoexpression correlated positively with local invasion (P = 0.01) and perineural spread (P = 0.04). Multivariate analysis with logistic regression showed that tumor invasion was the only factor that discriminated between p53 positive and p53 negative cases (OR: 15.6, P < 0.02). No relationship was found between p53 expression and tumor grade, DNA nuclear ploidy, and S-phase fraction. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that p53 dysfunction may be implicated in early, preinvasive, stages of esophageal cancer as well as in the tumor progression related to a more invasive phenotype.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Cell proliferation in salivary gland adenocarcinomas with myoepithelial participation. A study of 78 cases.

We used three markers of cell proliferation mitotic counts, mitotic index and expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen--to assess the proliferative activity of a series of 78 low-grade salivary adenocarcinomas with myoepithelial participation classified according to: their histological type, the predominant architectural type, and the predominant cytological type. The series included adenoid cystic carcinomas (40), epithelial-myoepithelial carcinomas (19), polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinomas (12) and basal cell adenocarcinomas (7). The proliferation indicators were found to be similar in the first three groups, being significantly lower than in the last. Tumours formed by basal cells had statistically significant higher mitotic indexes than those predominantly composed of clear cells of myoepithelial type and ductal cells. Tubular tumours, irrespective of the histological classification of the neoplasm, had proliferation indexes similar to those found in cribriform neoplasms. Solid tumours, whether formed by ductal or clear myoepithelial-type cells, had higher indexes than the neoplasms with differentiated (cribriform and tubular) patterns. The highest mean values for every proliferation indicator used were found in tumours with solid organization that were predominantly formed by basal cells. These results agree with the hypothesis that cell proliferation is inversely related to neoplastic differentiation. The identification of the prevalent cell phenotype and architecture may extend our knowledge from adenoid cystic carcinoma, whose solid variant carries a worse prognosis, and supports that the usual classification of this group of salivary adenocarcinomas would benefit to be complemented with information on tumour architecture and cellular composition.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

Flow cytometric DNA ploidy and S-phase fraction correlate with histopathologic indicators of tumor behavior in colorectal carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: The clinical behavior of colorectal carcinoma is highly variable without reliable predictive biomarkers. Previous reports have shown that flow cytometric DNA analysis may provide valuable prognostic information in these tumors. PURPOSE AND METHODS: This study evaluates the DNA ploidy and the S-phase fraction (SPF) on frozen samples obtained from 61 patients with colorectal carcinoma by using flow cytometry, and it correlates the data with histopathologic features known to affect disease prognosis. Tumors were classified using the World Health Organization's histologic criteria and were staged according the American Joint Committee on Cancer's classification system. Grade of the neoplasm, vascular invasion, and perineural tumor spread were evaluated in every case. RESULTS: Fifty-nine percent of tumors were aneuploid and showed statistically significant higher S-phase values than diploid tumors (22.5 vs. 11.2 percent; P < 0.00001). Mean SPF of the whole series was 17.9 (range, 4.2-44.2) percent. A statistically significant association was found between SPF values and histologic grade (P < 0.0016), nodal status (P < 0.0007), distant metastasis (P < 0.0001), tumor stage (P < 0.0001), venous invasion (P < 0.0002), and lymphatic permeation (P < 0.01) but not with perineural growth and infiltration of the neoplasm through the bowel wall (T). DNA ploidy correlated positively with tumor stage (P < 0.03), and the association between aneuploidy and advanced stages of the disease was statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: These findings showed that flow cytometric DNA ploidy and SPF, evaluated in fresh samples, are potentially useful parameters to estimate colorectal carcinoma biopathology. Aneuploidy and high replicative neoplastic activity correlated with histopathologic features that are commonly associated with the prognosis of colorectal carcinoma, being SPF-related to disease dissemination and, therefore, an indicator of clinical relevance.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Cytogenetic characterisation of Warthin's tumour.

Warthin's tumour is a peculiar subtype of monomorphic adenomas of the salivary glands, frequently cystic, and that characteristically associates an epithelial glandular cell component to a dense lymphoid infiltrate. Short-term cultures from 12 Warthin's tumours of salivary glands, including 5 previously reported cases were successfully karyotyped and clonal numerical and/or structural changes were detected in 7 of them (58%). 3 cases showed numerical abnormalities with loss of chromosomes Y (2 cases) and X (1 case). The remaining 4 abnormal cases presented the following structural changes: complex translocation t(11;19;16)(q21;p12;p13.3); reciprocal translocations t(6;8)(p23;q22) and t(6;15)(p21;q15) (2 cases); and 1p22, 3p26, 11p13 changes. In 1 case, clonal numerical deviations (+ 7 and -Y) were concurrent with the structural rearrangement t(6;8). Two of these aberrations are suggested to be Warthin's tumour-associated: 11q;19p translocation has already been described in 3 cases, and structural rearrangements of 6p23 have also been reported in another case. Our study extends the cytogenetic information about Warthin's tumour and identifies two recurrent abnormalities --6p rearrangements and t(11;19)--specific for this salivary neoplasm.

Adenolymphoma↗
PubMed1997

Flow cytometric DNA hypertetraploidy is associated with unfavourable prognostic features in breast cancer.

AIM: Breast tumours with a DNA content higher than 4N (hypertetraploidy) are not well characterised. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and biological characteristics of 51 hypertetraploid breast carcinomas selected from a series of 860 consecutive cases analysed by flow cytometry. METHODS: The clinicopathological characteristics of the hypertetraploid group were compared with those of a control group of 138 non-hypertetraploid breast carcinomas. Breast tumours from patients submitted to surgery as primary therapeutic approach (15 hypertetraploid and the 138 non-hypertetraploid) were TNM staged and classified according to the histological type and grade. The remaining 36 patients had advanced neoplastic disease at presentation and were classified by cytological criteria only. DNA flow cytometric analysis was performed on fresh-frozen samples stained with propidium iodide. Hormone receptors were analysed by immunocytochemistry. RESULTS: The incidence of hypertetraploid breast tumours was 5.9% (51 of 860). All the patients were women and the mean age at diagnosis was 65 years. There was a family history of breast cancer in 21.6% of cases. In the group of operated patients, 33.3% had pT3 tumours and 53.3% had axillary lymph node metastases. All but one tumour were invasive ductal carcinomas; the remaining was an invasive papillary carcinoma. Ten (66.7%) tumours were classified as poorly differentiated carcinomas. Oestrogen and progesterone receptors were negative in 33 (64.7%) and 38 (74.5%) tumours, respectively. At last follow up, 35 (72.9%) patients were alive, while 13 (27.1%) died of disease within three years of diagnosis. Statistical comparison of the clinicopathological features of hypertetraploid v non-hypertetraploid breast carcinomas yielded a significant difference in tumour size (p < 0.001), histological grade (p < 0.001), hormone receptor status (p < 0.001), and overall survival (p < 0.001) between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Flow cytometric DNA hypertetraploidy is related to clinicopathological features of breast cancer usually associated with unfavourable prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Immunoexpression of c-erbB-2 and p53 in benign and malignant salivary neoplasms with myoepithelial differentiation.

AIM: To evaluate whether the immunoexpression of c-erbB-2 and p53 is involved in the pathogenesis and progression of salivary tumours with myoepithelial differentiation. METHODS: 233 tumours from 211 patients were studied. These included 76 primary and 24 recurrent adenocarcinomas (polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma, 13; epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma, 19; adenoid cystic carcinoma, 56; and basal cell adenocarcinoma, 12) and 133 pleomorphic adenomas and myoepitheliomas, 96 being primary and the remaining recurrent tumours. All cases were formalin fixed and paraffin wax embedded. A StrepABC peroxidase method and polyclonal c-erbB-2 and p53 specific antisera were used. RESULTS: Cell membrane staining of c-erbB-2 was not found in any benign or malignant tumour. There was p53 protein accumulation in one primary and one recurrent pleomorphic adenoma and in 10 adenocarcinomas (polymorphous low grade adenocarcinoma, one; epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma, one; adenoid cystic carcinoma, five; and basal cell adenocarcinoma, three), three of them being recurrences. CONCLUSIONS: The c-erbB-2 and p53 proteins are not involved in the pathogenesis of pleomorphic adenoma and myoepithelioma and do not constitute biomarkers in assessing the risk of recurrence. c-erbB-2 is not involved in the genesis of low grade salivary neoplasia with myoepithelial differentiation. The percentage of this type of neoplasia with p53 accumulation is low (10%) and does not appear to be related to tumour recurrence.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

[Cytogenetic changes in benign thyroid gland hyperplasias and adenomas correlated with histology].

In order to elucidate cytogenetic changes associated with the development of benign growth of follicular epithelial cells of the thyroid, cytogenetic analyses were performed on 340 follicular thyroid adenomas and goiters after short-term culture. Clonal chromosome changes were found in 67 cases. Trisomy 7 as the sole abnormality or along with other trisomies was the most frequent type of aberration (19 cases). Other recurrent numerical changes were loss of chromosome 22 (4 cases) and the second X or the Y chromosome (5 cases). Translocations involving 19q13 (12 cases) were frequent structural chromosome changes. After a histopathological classification of all cases, we have correlated the cytogenetic findings with the histology of the tumors. Only 8.4% of the goiters showed clonal abnormalities whereas 44.9% of the adenomas revealed clonal abnormalities. Furthermore, simple clonal changes were predominantly found in goiters and complex changes in adenomas. The most impressive correlation was found in the group of lesions with trisomy 7: Whereas all but one lesion with one or two additional trisomies were goiters, those having three or more additional trisomies were all adenomas or adenomatous goiters.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1996

DNA hypomethylation and proliferative activity are increased in the rectal mucosa of patients with long-standing ulcerative colitis.

BACKGROUND: DNA methylation and DNA cytometric parameters were evaluated in the rectal mucosa from patients with extensive and long-standing ulcerative colitis. METHODS: Twenty-six patients with extensive disease for more than 7 years and 11 healthy controls were included. Global DNA methylation was assessed as the capacity of the DNA test to incorporate [3H]methyl groups from [3H]-S-adenosyl-methionine in the presence of Sss1 methylase. A higher incorporation reflects a lower state of intrinsic methylation. DNA ploidy, S-phase fraction, and proliferative index (PI = S + G2M) of the cell cycle were analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: Incorporation of the [3H]methyl groups into DNA was 10-fold higher in patients compared with controls (P < 0.001) and was significantly higher in patients with histologically active disease (P = 0.02). With regard to flow cytometry, all samples showed a diploid pattern, but S-phase fraction and the proliferative index values were significantly increased in patients compared with controls (P = 0.0007 and P = 0.003, respectively). A positive correlation was found between S-phase fraction and proliferative index and the number of exacerbations of the disease (P < 0.005), and there was a trend among those patients who had disease for longer than 20 years to present with increased cellular proliferation compared with those with a shorter evolution of disease (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: DNA hypomethylation and proliferative activity are increased in this group of patients, supporting the concept that their colonic mucosa undergoes epigenetic and kinetic changes that might predispose these individuals to develop colorectal neoplasms. However, it cannot be ruled out that these markers solely reflect hyperproliferation associated with active inflammation.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

A nonbalanced translocation (10;16) demonstrated by FISH analysis in a case of alveolar adenoma of the lung.

Short-term cultures from an alveolar adenoma of the lung were cytogenetically examined. Of the 54 metaphases studied, 44 were characterized by an apparently normal karyotype and 10 showed a pseudodiploid karyotype: 46,XX,add(16)(q24). Fluorescence in situ hybridization studies permitted identification of the add(16)(q24) as a der(16)t(10;16)(q23;q24). This is the first report of a chromosomal aberration in an alveolar adenoma of the lung.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1996

Malignant salivary gland neoplasms: a cytogenetic study of 19 cases.

A group of 19 malignant salivary gland neoplasms of various histological types (mucoepidermoid carcinoma, acinic cell carcinoma, adenoid cystic carcinoma, epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma, myoepithelial carcinoma, basal cell adenocarcinoma, carcinoma ex-pleomorphic adenoma, ductal carcinoma, adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified and undifferentiated carcinoma) were cytogenetically investigated. Previous karyotypic information revealed deletion of the long arm of chromosome 6, loss of chromosome Y and the gain of chromosome 8 as the most recurrent deviations found in these neoplasms. Clonal chromosome aberrations were detected in 11 cases of this series. In 7 of them there were only numerical deviations (gain of chromosomes 2, 7, 8, 10 and X and loss of chromosomes 18, 21 and Y) without concomitant structural anomalies. Structural rearrangements such as t(2;7), t(6;16), t(6;9) and t(1;1) translocations were found in two mucoepidermoid carcinomas, one adenoid cystic carcinoma and one ductal carcinoma, respectively. The wide spectrum of changes found in this group of neoplasms may reflect the diversity in their histogenesis and differentiation phenotypes.

Adolescent↗