1. The interaction of bradykinin and cholecystokinin preparations was investigated on the guinea-pig isolated gall bladder. Bradykinin (1-100 ng/ml) induced dose-dependent contractile effects which were considerably smaller than those produced by cholecystokinin octapeptide. Bradykinin in a low concentration (1.0 ng/ml) caused a significant increase of the contraction induced by cholecystokinin octapeptide (P less than 0.001) and natural cholecystokinin-pancreozymin (P less than 0.01), and also augmented the effects of acetylcholine on this preparation. Therefore these effects are probably not specific for cholecystokinin.

Acetylcholine↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment of the gastric stump ulcer: an open study with five drugs.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Despite a great progress in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease, the management of gastric stump ulcers still remains to be established. METHODOLOGY: Eighty-one patients with peptic ulcer developed postoperatively in the gastric remnant were treated in an open trial with 5 antiulcer drugs (cimetidine, omeprazole, sucralfate, colloidal bismuth and misoprostol) characterized by different mechanisms of action. The ulcer healing rate was evaluated endoscopically after 2, 4 and 6 weeks. RESULTS: It was found that after 2 weeks the most rapid ulcer healing was in the omeprazole and cimetidine treated groups, 67 and 43% of healing, respectively. Also after 4 weeks the antisecretors were more effective than gastroprotective drugs; ulcer healing rate for omeprazole was 87% and cimetidine 68%, while for sucralfate, colloidal bismuth and misoprostol 50%, 52%, and 33%, respectively. After 6 weeks all drugs represented very close ulcer healing rates. CONCLUSIONS: Both antisecretory and gastroprotective drugs may be useful in the management of stump ulcers, however, to initiate and accelerate the stump ulcer healing omeprazole appears to be the drug of choice.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Omeprazole therapy and salivary flow rate in duodenal ulcer patients.

BACKGROUND: Previous reports have shown that in some reflux-oesophagitis patients omeprazole therapy alters salivary secretion. The aim of the study was to examine this effect in duodenal ulcer patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty nine Helicobacter pylori positive subjects of both sexes, predominantly men, were recruited for the study. They were taking for two weeks only omeprazole (n = 17), or omeprazole in combination with either amoxycillin or amoxycillin and tinidazole (n = 22). Salivary secretion was assessed before and at the end of the treatment, both in basal conditions and during a gastric secretory test. Gastric secretion was monitored concurrently with salivary flow rate. Additionally gastritis score and serum gastrin levels were assessed. RESULTS: Basal salivary secretions remained unchanged in patients on omeprazole monotherapy, but decreased in five of eight saliva collection periods in patients on eradication regimens. During the gastric secretory test, salivary secretions fell in both groups, but only after pentagastrin stimulation (in one collection period in patients on omeprazole, and in three collection periods in patients on eradication therapy). The observed changes in salivary secretion were inversely related to the pre-treatment gastric pH values. CONCLUSION: The influence of omeprazole and omeprazole-based eradication therapies on salivary flow rate is presumably secondary to changes in gastric pH values and is likely to be related to oesophago-salivary reflex generation.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of prostaglandin E1 on reactivity of rat colon, including the role of the adrenergic system.

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Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Anatomic changes in the biliary tract and pancreas in patients with diabetes mellitus diagnosed by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography].

Structural changes in both biliary tract and pancreas have been assessed with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in 100 diabetic patients divided into subgroups depending on the type of diabetes mellitus, i.e. type I, type II and III-pancreatic. Control group included 100 randomly selected patients without diabetes mellitus in whom endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography has been performed for various indications. Structural changes in the biliary tract and pancreas have been more frequent in diabetic patients than in the control group (47 and 75% vs 32 and 30%, respectively). Cholelithiasis has been noted in 27.8% of patients with type II diabetes mellitus and in 11.3% of patients with type I diabetes mellitus; obesity has been found in 57 and 12% of patients, respectively. Other biliary tract disorders, mainly in the form of segmental stenosis or dilatation of the common bile duct, have been more frequent in patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Pancreatic disorders, assessed with the aid of Cambridge classification, have been noted in all patients with pancreatic diabetes and in 80.7% of patients with diabetes mellitus type I. Incidence of so-called doubtful and mild disorders has been more frequent (22.2 and 24.1%, respectively) in patients with diabetes mellitus type II whereas "moderate" and "severe" disorders have been significantly less frequent (7.4 and 1.9% of patients). The results indicate, that endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography is useful in the assessment of bile ducts structure and pancreatic exocrine activity in diabetic patients in whom disorders are more frequent.

Adult↗