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Biomedical subjects

J T Anim

Publications and source records attributed to J T Anim.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Takayasu's arteritis in Kuwait.

The present study describes the epidemiological profile and clinical features of Takayasu's arteritis (TA) in Kuwait, as well as its association with other autoimmune diseases and primary hypercoagulable states. Thirteen patients were included from its start on 1 January 1989 till 30 June 1994. Diagnosis of TA was established by angiographic studies. Twelve patients were Arabs and 7 were Kuwaiti nationals. Five patients were males and renal disease secondary to isolated involvement of the abdominal aorta (TA, type II) was the main presentation in 4 patients. Coagulation tests were performed in 7 patients and included antiphospholipid antibody (aPL) assay as well as protein S, protein C and antithrombin III activity. Only one manifested recurrent thrombosis and laboratory tests confirmed the presence of a hypercoagulable state secondary to aPL and protein S deficiency. Serological tests of systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE) were positive in this patient. These data indicate that TA is not a rare disease in the Arabic population. In our study, female predominance was not a common feature of TA and renal disease secondary to TA type II disease was commonly encountered. The association of TA with SLE and primary hypercoagulable states was not a consistent finding in our patients with TA, and hence, the proposed role for thrombotic vasculopathy in the pathogenesis and progression of this disease was unfounded.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

The need for an orientation course on the use of clinical laboratories.

A recent study in our institution has confirmed a relationship between lack of adequate undergraduate exposure to the clinical laboratories and subsequent negative attitudes and improper use of these laboratories by medical graduates. An orientation course on the use of the clinical laboratories is here proposed, for new medical graduates, at the commencement of internship training, to help remedy this defect and improve usage of the laboratories.

Curriculum↗
PubMed1993

Breast cancer in sub-Saharan African women.

The literature on breast cancer in sub-Saharan women is reviewed. In general, breast cancer is the second most common malignancy of women in the region, after cancer of the uterine cervix. Available reports indicate that data on the disease are incomplete and mostly, of epidemiological or clinical nature. Breast cancer is less common in sub-Saharan Africa compared to the Western countries (USA or Europe), occurs in younger individuals with peak incidences about a decade younger and the majority present late, with advanced, sometimes terminal disease. Absence of health educational programmes on cancer as well as lack of screening facilities in nearly all countries in the region are contributory factors to the late presentation of the cases. The need for more in-depth studies of the disease in the black African population has been highlighted.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Differentiating medulloblastoma in adults.

We present two cases of medulloblastoma in adults patients showing extensive astrocytic differentiation. In one case, there was synchronous oligodendroglial differentiation, both changes appearing after treatment with radiotherapy. The possible role of radiotherapy in the differentiation is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Cow's-milk-induced erosive gastritis in an infant.

A 3 1/2-month-old male infant presented with hematemesis due to erosive gastritis following whole-cow's-milk feeding. The presence of eosinophilic gastritis, the disappearance of symptoms after withdrawal of whole-cow's-milk feeding, and the association with facial eczema suggest that gastritis was induced by cow's milk. Cow's-milk intolerance should be considered in the etiologic differential diagnosis of hematemesis and gastritis in infancy.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Breast cancer as seen in King Fahd University Hospital, Al-Khobar, 1983-1986.

Breast cancer is the most common female cancer in Saudi Arabia as reported in several studies based on data from specialized centres. The numbers seen in most general hospitals, however, are low, making it difficult to carry out comprehensive clinicopathological studies of the disease. We present the results of a hospital-based study which confirm the low hospital case incidence. The disease appears to be commoner in a younger age group, with a higher occurrence of medullary carcinoma compared with studies carried out elsewhere. These findings emphasize the need for a national population-based study as the best method for defining the problem of breast cancer in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗
PubMed1988

Local iatrogenic complications in nasopharyngeal rhinoscleroma.

The possible role of surgical manipulation in inducing local spread and cicatricial complications in rhinoscleroma is illustrated by the three cases discussed in this paper. This is especially so where its occasional presentation as polypoid lesions of the lower respiratory tract may mimic other more sinister lesions and lead to unwarranted invasive procedures by the unsuspecting clinician. The infective nature of the lesions must be appreciated and confirmed microbiologically for appropriate drug treatment to be used. The benefits of minimal surgical intervention are illustrated in the third case.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Angiomyolipoma of the nasal cavity.

Vascular tumours of the nasal cavity are uncommon and are either hamartomas or true neoplasms, mostly benign. We present an unusual case of angiomyolipoma of the nasal cavity. This hamartomatous lesion is often described in the kidney and may be associated with tuberous sclerosis. To our knowledge, there is no previous report of the lesion in the nasal cavity, and no association with tuberous sclerosis has been demonstrated in this case.

Hemangioma↗
PubMed1988

Primary paranasal Aspergillus granuloma in Saudi Arabia.

Respiratory aspergillosis has been described in many parts of the world; but primary paranasal aspergillus granuloma (PPAG), a recognised, distinct entity, has been described almost exclusively in Africa--specifically in the Sudan. The first case of PPAG in Saudi Arabia with bilateral involvement of paranasal sinuses is described. In view of the geographical similarities between Northern Sudan and Saudi Arabia, it is suggested that some of the granulomatous inflammatory conditions occurring in Saudi Arabia for which no definite aetiological agent has been ascribed may fall into this category. Increased awareness of the condition, together with the use of serological methods currently in use in the Sudan may help in defining the condition properly in this locality.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Morphological alterations in the nasal mucosa in heat stroke.

A preliminary histomorphological examination of the nasal mucosa of 8 heatstroke patients who presented without epistaxis, showed stromal vascular damage and degenerative changes in the basal lamina of the overlying epithelium, severe enough in two cases to indicate impending epistaxis, even in the absence of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). It is suggested that direct damage by the extreme heat to mucosal structures, especially the prominent, thin-walled blood vessels, plays an important role in the genesis of epistaxis in heatstroke even in the absence of DIC.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Pattern of atherosclerosis in a Ghanaian adult population: an autopsy study.

A qualitative assessment of the degree of atherosclerotic involvement of six major arteries in 310 autopsies of Ghanaian adults revealed that atherosclerosis is less severe in Ghanaians compared to Caucasians. Atherosclerosis increases with age, more so in hypertensives, but severe lesions are not common in cerebral vessels in spite of the high mortality from haemorrhagic stroke in the adult Ghanaian. Severe atherosclerosis is, therefore, not important in the causation of cerebral haemorrhage. The small number of cerebral infarcts (six) is in keeping with the absence of severe atherosclerotic lesions in both extra cranial and intracranial large arteries. Absence of severe coronary lesions also parallels the low incidence of myocardial infarction and ischaemic heart disease is Ghanaians. Diabetes mellitus in combination with hypertension results in more severe atherosclerosis of the aorta and coronary arteries but the effect of diabetes mellitus alone requires further study.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Mycetoma of the scalp: report of a case.

Mycetoma of the scalp in a 10-year-old boy is reported. This is the first report of this infection in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. The causative agent, Actinomadura madurae, has already been described in the Kingdom and shown by other workers to affect other parts of the body. The probable pathogenesis is discussed and the need to increase clinical awareness of the condition stressed.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Cerebral macroaneurysms in a Ghanaian adult population. An autopsy study.

An autopsy study of cerebral vessels in 310 Ghanaian adults showed an incidence of macro(berry)aneurysms of 16.6% among 181 hypertensives and 8.5% among 129 normotensives. Hypertension increased the formation and development of intracranial aneurysms. Severe atherosclerosis (Grade 3) was not a common association with aneurysms and there was no increase in aneurysm formation in subjects dying from cerebral haemorrhage. This may be a reflection of the observed low incidence of severe cerebral atherosclerosis in Ghanaians compared to whites and an indication of differences between ethnic groups in the relative importance of the factors that contribute to the formation of aneurysms. Mortality from ruptured aneurysms could not be determined from this study, perhaps because the aneurysms seen were small in size (less than 10 mm diameter) and less likely to rupture and bleed. Multiple aneurysms were an uncommon finding compared to figures quoted in other studies, but in agreement with them the sites of predilection were in the anterior parts of the Circle of Willis; notably the anterior cerebral and anterior communicating arteries.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Abdominal tuberculosis: a frequent diagnostic challenge.

In recent years, abdominal tuberculosis has become rare in many countries even where pulmonary tuberculosis still exists. A case of abdominal tuberculosis is described in a young male who presented with non-specific symptoms together with CT scan findings that simulated abdominal lymphoma. Diagnosis was established during abdominal exploration. The frequency of various presenting manifestations of abdominal tuberculosis are discussed. The report emphasizes the need for a high index of suspicion to save patients unnecessary exploratory laparatomy.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1984

Hypertension, cerebral vascular changes and stroke in Ghana. 1. Microaneurysm formation and stroke.

A modification of the post-mortem arteriographic technique of Ross Russell was used to study the brains of 284 consecutive autopsy cases dying from non-traumatic causes; and made up of 159 hypertensives and 125 normotensives. Microaneurysms were demonstrated in 30.8 per cent of the hypertensives compared with 9.6 per cent normotensives. Haemorrhagic stroke was the cause of death in 37.6 per cent of the hypertensives, the majority of which were in younger age groups compared with hypertensive strokes in whites. The much lower incidence of microaneurysms in the brain of black hypertensives (even those with haemorrhagic strokes) compared with that found by workers among white hypertensives further emphasized the different nature of hypertension in blacks. It is suggested that, in the absence of significant structural differences in the cerebral vasculature between blacks and whites, the high incidence of haemorrhagic strokes occurring in the relatively younger subjects in Ghana may be due to the direct effect of high blood pressures on small intracerebral vessels and that microaneurysm formation may not be as important as in the much older white subjects dying of haemorrhagic strokes.

Adult↗