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J Trupl

Publications and source records attributed to J Trupl.

90 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Candidosis, aspergillosis and zygomycosis in an oncology department.

The incidence, aetiology and treatment of fungal infections in a 60-bed department of clinical oncology over 2 years is reported. During the second year, after the moving of the department from an old to a new building with an improved epidemiologic regimen, the incidence decreased rapidly, although the mortality due to systemic disseminated mycosis did not change.

Antifungal Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fluconazole in children: first experience with prophylaxis in chemotherapy-induced neutropenia in pediatric patients with cancer.

In an open multicenter, prospective study fluconazole (FLU) was administered to prevent fungal infection in 22 neutropenic, 2- to 14-year-old children. Of 4 failures, one was infected with an Aspergillus spp., one with Candida krusei and one with Candida (Torulopsis) glabrata. One failure was of bacterial origin. Those patients with mycoses who failed on fluconazole were successfully treated with other antifungals. In 4 patients transient elevation of liver enzymes was observed. This is the first reported trial using FLU in prophylaxis against fungal infection in neutropenic pediatric patients, where 18/24 children did not present any evidence of mycotic infection using FLU in daily doses of 1-4 mg/kg.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Candida glabrata, Candida krusei, non-albicans Candida spp., and other fungal organisms in a sixty-bed national cancer center in 1989-1993: no association with the use of fluconazole.

During the 5-year period 1989-1993, the incidence of Candida krusei, and other non-albicans Candida spp., was analyzed in a 60-bed cancer department. The frequency of C. krusei, before fluconazole was introduced into therapeutic protocols in 1990, was 16.5%, and after introduction of fluconazole into prophylaxis in acute leukemia in 1991, the incidence of C. krusei was 12.7%. After 3 years of using this drug in therapy and prophylaxis, the incidence of C. krusei in 1993 was 14.8%, what was lower than before this drug was introduced in our country. 97.6% of all isolated fungi were yeasts and only 2.4% were molds. Among yeasts, the most frequently isolated pathogen was Candida albicans with 64.3% in 1989 and 74.2% in 1993. The next was C. krusei with 21.2% in 1992 and 16.5% in 1989, but 14.8% in 1993, and Candida tropicalis and Candida glabrata with 9.03% in 1989 and 2.7% in 1993. Among the molds, Aspergillus spp. was the most frequently isolated genus. Analyzing the etiology of mycologically proven fungal infections confirmed by positive blood cultures or biopsies, C. albicans and Aspergillus spp. were the most common causative organisms.

Cancer Care Facilities↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Vancomycin plus imipenem ceftazidime or ciprofloxacin in second line therapy in patients with febrile neutropenia not responding to first line therapy.

137 patients with febrile neutropenia after cytotoxic therapy not responding to ceftazidime plus or ceftriaxone plus netilmicin in received additionally to the previous combination either vancomycin alone or combined with another anti-gram-negative compound: imipenem in those treated prophylactically with ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in those without prophylaxis. The addition of vancomycin to the previously ineffective combination of a third generation cephalosporin plus aminoglycoside, and replacement of ceftriaxone plus netilmicin with ceftazidime plus amikacin plus vancomycin or with ceftazidime plus vancomycin seems to be less effective (71.8-75 vs. 87.5-90.9%, p < 0.02) and more toxic (20.5-7.2 vs. 0-5%, p < 0.0005) than vancomycin in combination with a different anti-gram-negative compound as previously used: imipenem or ciprofloxacin.

Ceftazidime↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The incidence of penicillin-resistant pneumococci in the Slovak Republic. Pneumococcus Study Group.

The prevalence of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae and multiresistant strains isolated in Europe from the early 1970s has continued to rise. Twenty-four microbiology laboratories in the Slovak Republic analyzed 4,018 S. pneumoniae strains isolated from September 1, 1993, to December 31, 1993. The overall resistance rate to penicillin was 3.4% in strains isolated from outpatients and 8.5% from inpatients with considerable variation between regions. The highest regional resistance rate to penicillin was 21% from outpatients in Levice, in the western Slovakia, and ranged between 13 and 52% in strains collected from hospitalized patients in 6 regions. Rates of penicillin-resistant pneumococci were significantly higher (p < or = 0.01) in children aged < or = 3 years. Two thirds of penicillin-resistant strains had intermediate levels of resistance (MICs 0.1-1 microgram/ml) and one third was resistant (MICs 2-8 micrograms/ml). Resistance to multiple classes of agents was found in 75.9% of penicillin-resistant strains. These data support continued surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in pneumococcal infections. Standardization of susceptibility testing methods and monitoring of clinical outcomes is of critical importance to this complex problem.

Child, Preschool↗