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Biomedical subjects

J Trupl

Publications and source records attributed to J Trupl.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Nosocomial bacterial and fungal meningitis in cancer patients.

Five cases of nosocomial meningitis are described that occurred within 5 years in a national cancer center in neutropenic cancer patients after cytotoxic chemotherapy: one caused by the yeast Aureobasidium mansoni and four caused by bacteria (two by Enterococcus faecalis and one by Salmonella enteritis and Arcanobacterium haemolyticus. Despite the severe symptoms, all cases were cured with appropriate antimicrobial therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Bacteremia and fungemia in cancer patients with venous catheters.

In 116 cancer patients with bacteremia and fungemia and neutropenia (71%) analysis for the cause was made with regard to the presence of venous catheter, previous therapy or prophylaxis, underlying disease and immunosuppression and etiology. The incidence of bacteremia in patients with catheter was 12x higher (8.25% vs. 0.76%) in comparison to those without catheter and the mortality in respective groups was 26.3% and 15%. Among 206 isolates, 128 (63%) were grampositive aerobes, 58 (27.5%) gramnegative aerobes and 20 (9.5%) fungi. The mortality was the highest in patients with catheter and fungemia (66.6%) and relatively higher in patients with catheter and gramnegative bacteremia.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Survey of susceptibility to selected antibiotics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains isolated from patients with tumor disease and their relationship to serotype.

A total of 51 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains had been isolated over a year from patients with tumor diseases in the National Institute of Oncology in Bratislava. All strains were subjected to serotyping; in 45 strains quantitative susceptibility to selected antibiotics was determined by the microdilution method. When comparing susceptibility of individual serotypes, resistance of strains belonging to serotype O12 to a number of beta-lactam, aminoglycoside and quinolone antibiotics was found. In addition, resistant strains occurred even among serotype O4 and polyagglutinating strains. The resistant strains as causative agents of nosocomial infections may represent a serious risk particularly for patients of oncological wards.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1993

Fungal pathogens in etiology of septic shock in neutropenic patients with cancer (short communication).

During the 3 years from 1989 to 1991, we evaluated the etiology of septic shock cases and infection-associated mortality. A total number of 38 patients was included in the study, according to the criteria for septic shock (SS), (Intensive Care Medicine Society, 1989). In 1989, P. aeruginosa and Enterobacteriaceae among the pathogens prevailed. In 1990 and 1991, S. aureus, enterococci and fungi were most frequent. From 8 patients with SS in 1990, the shock was due to Candida albicans in 1 and to mucoraceae in 3 patients. In 10 patients examined in 1991, 8 cases of SS were due to Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium solani and Acremonium strictum. The decrease of the incidence of shocks and increase of fungal etiology were found to be associated with the use of quinolones in prophylaxis and cephalosporines, aminoglycosides and vancomycine in empiric therapy in febrile neutropenic patients.

Fungi↗
PubMed1993

[IgG antibodies to Gastrospirillum hominis and Helicobacter pylori].

In conjunction with an investigation extending over several years, focused on the understanding of the importance of Helicobacter pylori in inflammatory gastric disease, the authors examined a group of 1242 patients. In fifteen they detected by microscopic examination the presence of helical bacteria described in the literature as Gastrospirillum hominis. The cultivation test was not positive. In three patients in addition to these bacteria also the presence of Helicobacter pylori was detected. Sera of eight patients with Gastrospirillum hominis were investigated by the ELISA test Helico-G f. Porton Cambridge; antibodies against Helicobacter pylori were found in three patients (incl. two with the concurrent presence of G.h. and H.p.). In sera of the remaining five patients antibodies were not detected.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Netilmicin plus ceftriaxone versus amikacin plus ceftriaxone in the treatment of infections in granulocytopenic patients.

For the treatment of febrile episodes in granulocytopenic cancer patients, a combination of bactericidal and intravenously administered broad spectrum agents is recommended. An aminoglycoside plus a beta-lactame (piperacillin, azlocillin or IIIrd generation cephalosporins) are the drugs of first choice in an empiric approach. Because of frequent parenteral interventions (e.g. catheters, cannulations) in thrombopenic patients with multifactorial immunosuppression, we consider the application of once daily drugs, such as ceftriaxone, netilmicin or amikacin. For single dose treatment (1st day two applications), we used ceftriaxone in combination with netilmicin or amikacin as the first approach and retrospectively evaluated 47 patients for efficacy and safety.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Ciprofloxacin plus vancomycin versus ceftazidime plus gentamicin in the treatment of pneumonia in granulocytopenic patients with or without venous catheters. Short communication.

58 granulocytopenic patients with confirmed bronchopneumonia were divided retrospectively into two groups for this pilot study: group 1 included neutropenic patients with venous catheters who were treated with ciprofloxacin (CIP; 200-300 mg, i.v. b.i.d.) + vancomycin (VAN; 0.5-1 g, i.v. b.i.d.), and group 2, which included patients without venous catheters treated with ceftazidime (2 g, i.v. t.i.d.) + gentamicin (1 mg/kg, i.v. t.i.d.). Pneumonia was diagnosed clinically and radiologically in all patients; 92.3% in group 1 and 46.8% in group 2 were also microbially confirmed. Mixed infections were present in most patients. 3 of 26 patients (11.5%) in group 1 and 9 of 32 (20.1%) in group 2 did not recover while 88.5% in group 1 and 71.9% in group 2 recovered. CIP + VAN seems to be more effective in treating pneumonia in neutropenic patients, with only 1 patient in the group suffering an adverse effect compared with 5 in group 2.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Intravenous use of a derivative of metronidazole in abdominal surgery].

The authors give an account of a group of 11 patients with diffuse or circumscript peritonitis, treated by an intravenous derivate of metronidazol - Tiberal. Improvement was recorded in eight patients, three patients died. Based on their results, the authors recommend to administer metronidazol by the parenteral route combined with antibiotics effective against aerobic bacteria. In treatment they emphasize repeated bacteriological check-up examinations and an effective contact of the clinical and bacteriological department.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1989

[Is Campylobacter pylori the pathogenic agent in gastritis and peptic ulcer?].

The authors analyzed a group of 164 subjects where they collected during gastroduodenoscopy specimens of the gastric mucosa for histological and microbiological examination. Campylobacter pylori (CP) was detected in 37 of 41 subjects with gastritis type B (90.2%), in 36 of 45 patients with duodenal ulcers (80%) and in 15 of 24 patients with gastric ulcers (62.5%) and in one of 15 subjects with gastritis type A. In 8 patients with drug induced and reflux changes the presence of CP was not detected. In the control group of 31 subjects CP was found in 4 (13%). Gastritis type B was diagnosed in 91% of the patients with gastric ulcers and in 93% of patients with duodenal ulcers. Elimination of CP by amoxicillin was successful in 71% of the patients with duodenal ulcers, 67.5% patients with gastric ulcers and in 45% of subjects with gastritis type B. After elimination of CP in all subjects rapid regression or complete disappearance of inflammatory changes was recorded. Within 12 months after elimination of CP and healing of that ulcer a relapse was recorded in 20% of the patients. Based on their observations the authors conclude that CP appears to be the causal factor of gastritis type B and one of the causal factors of peptic ulcers. Elimination of CP improves the course of both diseases.

Campylobacter↗