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Biomedical subjects

J W Finnie

Publications and source records attributed to J W Finnie.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Multifocal cerebellar granular layer necrosis in traumatically head-injured lambs.

In a blunt, nonmissile, head impact model of traumatic brain injury in 4-5-week-old Merino lambs, multiple foci of internal granular layer necrosis were found in all 10 impacted animals. This lesion has not previously been reported after human or animal head injury. Temporal lobe impact contusions, predominantly microscopic (8/10) and contralateral contusions (2/10), parenchymal (10/10) and subarachnoid (10/10) hemorrhage, and widely distributed axonal injury were also observed. Although the precise pathogenesis of this focal granule cell necrosis and often attendant red cell change in Purkinje cells was unclear, an ischemic etiology due to trauma-related vascular damage is postulated.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

A head impact model of early axonal injury in the sheep.

Axonal injury (AI), one of the principal determinants of clinical outcome after head injury, may evolve over several hours after injury, raising the future possibility of therapeutic intervention during this period. A new head impact model of AI in sheep was developed to examine pathological and physiological changes in the brain resulting from a graded traumatic insult. In this preliminary study 10 anesthetized and ventilated Merino ewes were used. Head injury was produced by impact from a humane stunner to the temporal region of an unrestrained head. Eight sheep were studied for 1, 2, 4, or 6 h after impact. Two sham animals (no impact, 6 h survival) were also examined. Arterial blood pressure, intracranial pressure, and cerebral blood flow were monitored continuously. A physiological index of injury severity was calculated by weighting the percentage shift from preinjury values for each monitored parameter over the first hour after injury. Immunostaining with amyloid precursor protein (APP) was used as a marker of axonal damage and the distribution of APP positive axons was recorded according to a sector scoring method (APPS). Widespread AI was identified in 7 of the 8 impacted animals, around cerebral contusions and in hemispheric white matter, central gray matter, brain stem, and cerebellum, and was detected as early as 1 h after injury. The degree of axonal injury (APPS) correlated well with an index of physiological response to injury (r = 0.83, p = 0.005).

Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor↗
PubMed1995

Multiple piloleiomyomas in a cat.

The microscopical and immunohistochemical features of a rare cutaneous leiomyoma in a cat are described. The principal characteristics of this tumour were multiple bundles of smooth muscle, either discrete or conjoined, with numerous collagen fibres between the muscle cells, and osteoid metaplasia. The tumour was designated a piloleiomyoma as it was considered to have arisen from the arrector pili muscles.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Neuropathological changes produced by non-penetrating percussive captive bolt stunning of cattle.

A blunt, non-missile head injury inflicted by a non-penetrating captive bolt pistol in cattle at slaughter resulted in immediate loss of consciousness, a depressed fracture of the frontal bone and widespread subarachnoid haemorrhage, particularly beneath the impact site, in the temporal and frontal lobes, and around the brainstem. There was also invariably petechial haemorrhage in the basal ganglia and thalamus. The large concussive force applied to the cranium by the stunner was probably responsible for rendering the animal insensible and the vascular damage produced by this force and the sudden ventrocaudal acceleration of the brain after impact. These findings supported the use of this mode of stunning, followed by exsanguination, as an acceptable form of slaughter of cattle in abattoirs.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1994

Neuroradiological aspects of experimental traumatic missile injury in sheep.

Radiological assessment of ovine brains subjected to experimental gunshot injury was performed using computed tomography. This imaging procedure enabled precise localisation of the projectile and metal and bony fragments, and depicted parenchymal damage, distortion and displacement of the brain, and skull fractures. Computed tomography scanning was found to be useful in the clinical evaluation of craniocerebral missile injuries and confirmed the acceptability of the 0.22 calibre rifle and 12-gauge shotgun for the euthanasia of sheep.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1994

Lesions associated with infestation of a yellow-footed rock wallaby (Petrogale xanthopus xanthopus) with larvae of Odontacarus (Leogonius) adelaideae (Womersley) (Acarina: Trombiculidae) in South Australia.

Dermatitis associated with natural infestation of a yellow-footed rock wallaby (Petrogale xanthopus xanthopus) with larvae of the chigger mite, Odontacarus (Leogonius) adelaideae is described. This record extends the known host range of O. adelaideae and is the first from a native animal in southern Australia.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Two haemangioendotheliomas in a bovine brain.

The microscopical, ultrastructural and immunohistochemical features of an unusual type of haemangioendothelioma in the brain of a calf are described. The salient features of this tumour were an exuberant proliferation of vasoformative elements whose endothelial cells exhibited epithelioid and spindle cell features. Intracytoplasmic miniature lumen formation in endothelial cells was characteristic of this vascular neoplasm.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Pathology of experimental traumatic craniocerebral missile injury.

The neuropathological alterations in sheep associated with head wounds inflicted by a .22 calibre rifle are reported. Brain damage was manifest as a permanent haemorrhagic wound cavity produced by crushing and laceration of tissue during missile penetration, secondary tracks due to bone and bullet fragments, widely distributed stretch injuries to blood vessels, nerve fibres and neurons as a consequence of the radial forces of the temporary cavity which develops as a bullet penetrates tissue, marked subarachnoid and intraventricular haemorrhage, and distortion and displacement of the brain.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Brain damage caused by a captive bolt pistol.

The neuropathological changes produced by a captive bolt pistol are described. The primary wound track in the brain was similar to that inflicted by a weapon such as a .22 calibre rifle. However neural and vascular damage at a distance from the primary wound canal was much less severe and widespread after penetration of the low velocity captive bolt projectile due to the formation of a smaller temporary wound cavity by radial forces imparted to the parenchyma. These findings suggest that the use of a captive bolt pistol for euthanasia should be immediately followed by further actions to ensure that an animal is rendered permanently unconscious.

Animals↗