Biomedical subjects

Ju Sun Kim

Publications and source records attributed to Ju Sun Kim.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

Trichotomoside: a new antioxidative phenylpropanoid glycoside from Clerodendron trichotomum.

The structure and antioxidant properties of a new natural glycoside, trichotomoside (1), isolated from Clerodendron trichotomum, were investigated. Trichotomoside was identified as 2-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl 3-O-(2,3-di-O-acetyl-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-4-O-[(2E)-3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)prop-2-enoyl]-beta-D-glucopyranoside. The compound was active towards intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and exhibited DPPH-radical-scavenging effects. The radical-scavenging activity of 1 was found to protect the viability of Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts (V79-4 cells) exposed to H2O2 and gamma-irradiation.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

Chemical constituents of the root of Dystaenia takeshimana and their anti-inflammatory activity.

In our ongoing search for bioactive compounds originating from the endemic species in Korea, we found that the hexane and EtOAc fractions of the MeOH extract from the root of Dystaenia takeshimana (Nakai) Kitagawa (Umbelliferae) showed cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) dual inhibitory activity by assessing their effects on the production of prostaglandin D2 (PGD2) and leukotriene C4 (LTC4) in mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells. By activity-guided fractionation, five coumarins, viz. psoralen (2), xanthotoxin (3), scopoletin (4), umbelliferone (5), and (+)-marmesin (6), together with beta-sitosterol (1), were isolated from the hexane fraction, and two phenethyl alcohol derivatives, viz. 2-methoxy-2-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)ethanol (7) and 2-hydroxy-2-(4'-hydroxyphenyl)ethanol (8), three flavonoids, viz. apigenin (9), luteolin (10), and cynaroside (11), as well as daucosterol (12) were isolated from the EtOAc fraction using silica gel column chromatography. In addition, D-mannitol (13) was isolated from the BuOH fraction by recrystallization. Two of the coumarins, scopoletin (4) and (+)-marmesin (6), the two phenethyl alcohol derivatives (7, 8) and the three flavonoids (9-11) were isolated for the first time from this plant. Among the compounds isolated from this plant, the five coumarins as well as the three flavonoids showed COX-2/5-LOX dual inhibitory activity. These results suggest that the anti-inflammatory activity of D. takeshimana might in part occur via the inhibition of the generation of eicosanoids.

Animals↗

PubMed2006

Constituents from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma applanatum and their aldose reductase inhibitory activity.

Eight compounds were isolated from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma applanatum, and were identified as 2-methoxyfatty acids (1), 5-dihydroergosterol (2), ergosterol peroxide (3) 3beta,7beta, 20,23xi-tetrahydroxy-11,15-dioxolanosta-8-en-26-oic acid (4), 7beta,20,23xi-trihydroxy-3,11,15-trioxolanosta-8-en-26-oic acid (5), cerevisterol (6), 7beta,23xi-dihydroxy-3,11,15-trioxolanosta-8,20E (22)-dien-26-oic acid (7), and 7beta-hydroxy-3,11,15,23-tetraoxolanosta-8,20E(22)-dien-26-oic acid methyl ester (8) by spectral analysis. All compounds were isolated for the first time from this fruiting bodies, and their effect on rat lens aldose reductase (RLAR) activity was tested. Among these eight compounds, ergosterol peroxide (3) was found to exhibit potent RLAR inhibition, its IC50 value being 15.4 microg/mL.

Aldehyde Reductase↗

PubMed2006

Alkaloids from the roots of Aconitum pseudo-laeve var. erectum.

One new quinazoline (1) and two new norditerpenoid (2 and 3) alkaloids along with 10 known compounds were isolated from the roots of Aconitum pseudo-laeve var. erectum. The new alkaloids were assigned as 2-(2-methyl-4-oxo-4H-quinazoline-3-yl)benzoic acid methyl ester (1), 18-O-2-(2-methyl-4-oxo-4H-quinazoline-3-yl)benzoyllycoctonine (2), and 14-O-acetyl-8-O-methyl-18-O-2-(2-methyl-4-oxo-4H-quinazoline-3-yl)benzoylcammaconine (3). The structures of the new alkaloids were established by spectroscopic methods. This is the first report of the 2-(2-methyl-4-oxo-4H-quinazoline-3-yl)benzoyl ester group being found as an acyl substituent in norditerpenoid alkaloids (compounds 2 and 3).

Aconitine↗

PubMed2005

Neuroprotective effects of naturally occurring biflavonoids.

We examined neuroprotective effects of naturally occurring biflavonoids on oxidative stress-induced and amyloid beta peptide-induced cell death in neuronal cells. Among the nine biflavonoids tested, amentoflavone, ginkgetin, and isoginkgetin exhibited strong neuroprotection against cytotoxic insults induced by oxidative stress and amyloid beta, suggesting their therapeutic potential against neurodegenerative diseases, including ischemic stroke and Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer Disease↗

PubMed2005

Antioxidant activity of isoacteoside from Clerodendron trichotomum.

The antioxidant properties of isoacteoside, isolated from Clerodendron trichotomum (Verbenaceae), were investigated. This compound scavenged intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, and prevented lipid peroxidation. This radical scavenging activity of isoacteoside protected cell viability of Chinese hamster lung fibroblast (V79-4) cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Furthermore, isoacteoside reduced the apoptotic cells formation induced by H2O2, as demonstrated by the decreased number of sub-G1 hypo-diploid cells and apoptotic cell body formation. However, isoacteoside increased the activities of cellular antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Taken together, these findings suggest that isoacteoside, isolated from C. trichotomum, possesses antioxidant properties.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

Inhibitory effects of Ganoderma applanatum on rat lens aldose reductase and sorbitol accumulation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat tissues.

Aldose reductase, the key enzyme of the polyol pathway, is known to play important roles in diabetic complications. Therefore, inhibitors of aldose reductase would be potential agents for the prevention of diabetic complications. To evaluate the inhibitory potential of aldose reductase from Ganoderma applanatum (Polyporaceae), methanol (MeOH) and water extracts were tested for their effects on rat lens aldose reductase (RLAR). The effects of both extracts on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats were also investigated. The MeOH extract exhibited a potent rat lens aldose reductase (RLAR) inhibition in vitro, and showed a significant inhibition, of not only serum glucose concentrations, but also of sorbitol accumulations in the lens, red blood cells (RBC) and sciatic nerves in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Associated with a reduction in serum glucose concentration in STZ-induced diabetic rats, this extract was found to cause a significant glucose tolerance effect. These results suggested that G. applanatum might possess constituents with antidiabetic and inhibitory effects on diabetic complications.

Aldehyde Reductase↗

PubMed2005

Anti-estrogenic activity of lignans from Acanthopanax chiisanensis root.

Anti-estrogenic activity of (-)-sesamin (1), helioxanthin (2), savinin (3), taiwanin C (4), and 3-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl)-2-(3,4-methylenedioxybenzyl)butyrolactone (5) isolated from the root of Acanthopanax chiisanensis was tested using Ishikawa cells. Among them, compound 3 exhibited anti-estrogenic activity (IC50 = 4.86 microM).

Adenosine Triphosphatases↗

PubMed2005

Norditerpenoid alkaloids and other components from the processed tubers of Aconitum carmichaeli.

A new norditerpenoid and a known alkaloid were isolated from the alkaloidal fraction of the processed tubers of Aconitum carmichaeli. The structure of the new norditerpenoid alkaloid was elucidated as lipoforesaconitine (1) on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. The known norditerpenoid alkaloid was characterized as lipoyunanaconitine (2). In addition, a new flavonoid, 6"-O-acetylliquiritin (7), along with a known ceramide, (2S,3S,4R,8E)-2-[(2'R)-2'-hydroxylignoceroylamino]-8(E)-octadecene-1,3,4-triol (3), as well as a known steroid saponin, gracillin (8), and three known flavonoids, liquiritigenin (4), isoliquiritigenin (5), and liquiritin (6), were also isolated and characterized. All known compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time. The structures of the isolates were established by spectroscopic and chemical methods.

Acetylation↗

PubMed2005

Aldose reductase inhibitors from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma applanatum.

The isolation and characterization of rat lens aldose reductase (RLAR) inhibitors from the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma applanatum were conducted. Among the extracts and fractions from G. applanatum tested, the MeOH extract and EtOAc fraction were found to exhibit potent RLAR inhibition in vitro, their IC50 being 1.7 and 0.8 microg/ml, respectively. From the active EtOAc fraction, seven compounds with diverse structural moieties were isolated and identified as D-mannitol (1), 2-methoxyfatty acids (2), cerebrosides (3), daucosterol (4), 2,5-dihydroxyacetophenone (5), 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (6), and protocatechualdehyde (7). Among them, protocatechualdehyde (7) was found to be the most potent RLAR inhibitor (IC50=0.7 microg/ml), and may be useful for the prevention and/or treatment of diabetic complications.

Aldehyde Reductase↗

PubMed2005

Saponins and other constituents from the leaves of Aralia elata.

A new triterpenoid saponin, together with five known saponins, were isolated from the nonpolar n-hexane fraction of the leaves of Aralia elata. The structure of the new saponin, durupcoside C, was elucidated as hederagenin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->3)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->3)-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. The known saponins were characterized as 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl hederagenin 28-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl ester, hederagenin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->3)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside, oleanolic acid 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->3)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside, hederagenin 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside (alpha-hederin), and hederagenin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->3)-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside (collinsonidin). In addition, two known lipids, Arisaema glyceride 3 and ceramide mixtures were also isolated and characterized. Collinsonidin and two known lipids were isolated for the first time from this plant.

Aralia↗

PubMed2004

New lanostane-type triterpenoids from Ganoderma applanatum.

Four new lanostane-type triterpenes were isolated from the MeOH extract of the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma applanatum. Their structures were established as 3beta,7beta,20,23xi-tetrahydroxy-11,15-dioxolanosta-8-en-26-oic acid (1), 7beta,20,23xi-trihydroxy-3,11,15-trioxolanosta-8-en-26-oic acid (2), 7beta,23xi-dihydroxy-3,11,15-trioxolanosta-8,20E(22)-dien-26-oic acid (3), and 7beta-hydroxy-3,11,15,23-tetraoxolanosta-8,20E(22)-dien-26-oic acid methyl ester (4), respectively, by extensive spectroscopic analyses.

Canada↗

PubMed2004

Antioxidant activity of jionoside D from Clerodendron trichotomum.

The antioxidant property of jionoside D, isolated from Clerodendron trichotomum (Verbenaceae), was investigated. This compound showed scavenging activity of intracellular reactive oxygen species and of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, as well as lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity. This radical scavenging activity of jionoside D protected the cell viability of Chinese hamster lung fibroblast (V79-4) cells exposed H2O2. Furthermore, jionoside D reduced the apoptotic cells induced by H2O2, as demonstrated by the decreased number of sub G1 hypo-diploid cells and apoptotic body formation. However, it increased the activities of cellular antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase and catalase. Taken together, these findings suggest that jionoside D, isolated from C. trichotomum, exhibits antioxidant properties.

Animals↗

PubMed2004

Phenolic glycosides from Pyrola japonica.

Five new phenolic glycosides, 2-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy-5-hydroxyphenylacetic acid methyl ester (4), 4-hydroxy-2-[3-hydroxy-3-methylbutyl]-5-methylphenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside (5), 4-hydroxy-2-[(E)-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butenyl]-5-methylphenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside (7), 4-hydroxy-2-[(2E,6Z)-8-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl]-5-methylphenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside (8), and 2,7-dimethyl-1,4-dihydronaphthalene-5,8-diol 5-O-beta-D-xylopyranosyl(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (10), were isolated from the whole plants of Pyrola japonica (Pyrolaceae), together with androsin, (-)-syringaresinol glucoside, homoarbutin, pirolatin, hyperin, monotropein and chimaphilin.

Glycosides↗

PubMed2004

Triterpenoid saponins from the roots of Sophora koreensis.

From the roots of Sophora koreensis (Fabaceae), three new oleanene-type triterpene glycosides, echinosophorosides A(1) (1) and B (2), and acetyl-subproside II (5), were isolated as their methyl esters, together with the four known ones sophoraflavoside I, kudzusaponin SA(3), subproside II, and azukisaponin V. The structures of the new saponins were elucidated to be 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl kudzusapogenol A 22-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside (1), 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl abrisapogenol C 22-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside (2), and 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl(1-->2)-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D-glucuronopyranosyl kudzusapogenol A 22-O-acetate (5), respectively. It is noteworthy that two arabinopyranosyl moieties in the same molecule, echinosophoroside B (2), have different conformations. The conformation of the arabinopyranosyl moiety existing in the trisaccharide moiety was determined to be (1)C(4), whereas that of the arabinopyranosyl unit at C-22 was identified as (4)C(1).

Plant Extracts↗

PubMed2003

Cerebrosides from Longan Arillus.

From the pulp of Euphoria longana (Longan Arillus), three cerebroside molecular species have been isolated. Six known cerebrosides, soyacerebrosides I and II, 1-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(2S,3R,4E,8E)-2-(2'-lignoceroylamino)-4,8-octadecadiene-1,3-diol (longan cerebroside I) and its 8Z isomer (longan cerebroside II), momor-cerebroside I, and phytolacca cerebroside, were identified as major components of these cerebroside molecular species. All the cerebrosides were shown to be a mixture of geometrical isomers (8E and 8Z) of sphingosine-type or phytosphingosine-type glucocerebrosides possessing 2-hydroxy fatty acids. The structures of these cerebrosides have been determined on the basis of chemical and spectroscopic evidence.

Cerebrosides↗

PubMed2003

Alkaloidal constituents from Aconitum jaluense.

Aconitum jaluense Komar. (Ranunculaceae) is one of the Aconitum plants growing in Korean peninsula. An investigation of the alkaloidal constituents of this species led to the isolation of seven C19-norditerpenoid and a C20-diterpenoid alkaloid. Three of them have been identified as neoline, mesaconitine, and hypaconitine, which were isolated from this plant collected from Mt. Bultasan in the north part. The other five alkaloids were determined as lipomesaconitine, lipohypaconitine, 15alpha-hydroxyneoline, hokbusine A, and napelline, which have not been found in this plant. Structures of those alkaloids were determined on the basis of their spectral data. It is of interest to note that a comparison of the present work and the previous report showed some differences in the alkaloidal contents.

Aconitine↗

PubMed2003

Antibacterial coumarins from Angelica gigas roots.

Systematic fractionation of Angelica gigas roots led to the isolation of linear furano(pyrano)coumarins such as bergapten (1), decursinol angelate (2), decursin (3), nodakenetin (4) and nodakenin (5). The antibacterial activities of those compounds against pathogenic bacteria were investigated. Among the compounds tested, decursinol angelate (2) and decursin (3) exhibited significant antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis with the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 50 and 12.5 microg/mL, respectively.

Angelica↗