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K Blazek

Publications and source records attributed to K Blazek.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Contribution to the symptomatology of experimental bovine cysticercosis.

Results of clinical and laboratory examination of animals experimentally infected with Taenia saginata eggs are described. At the early stage of infection, increased temperature, cough, muscle shaking and unstable pace were observed. The locomotive disorders disappeared only on day 50 p.i. Leukocytosis and peripheric eosinophilia were found at the early stage of infection. On days 14-28 p.i. the activity of serum creatine-kinase (CK) significantly increased. The activity of other enzymes (AST, ALT, LD, ALP and ALD) examined was increased only slightly and irregularly. The lipid content in blood serum markedly increased on days 9-16 p.i.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1984

Ultrastructure of Taenia saginata oncospheres cultivated in artificial media.

Oncospheres of Taenia saginata cultivated in Leibovitz's medium on a cell monolayer from calf kidney developed up to 10th day of in vitro cultivation. Fine and often branched microvilli were observed on their surface. On day 5 of cultivation, the muscle system of hooks turned to a granular matter and on day 7 neither hooks nor their muscle system were found. The tegumental cytoplasm was not formed in the period of 7-60 days of cultivation. On days 7 and 10 of cultivation, a contact of oncospheres with the cells of monolayer was visible. On day 10 of cultivation, an extrusion of a portion of cytoplasm of surface cells filled with minute vesicles occurred. The bonds among cells, particularly in the centre of the oncosphere, were loosened in a 30-day-old culture and the cells were interconnected by long cytoplasmic bridges. Degenerative changes occurred on about day 40 of cultivation. The oncospheres cultivated in pure Leibovitz's medium lost the microvilli on their surface and the original tegumental cytoplasm turned to a fibrous layer already on day 5 of cultivation. Dystrophic changes in cells occurred from day 7 of cultivation and gradually increased.

Aging↗
PubMed1984

Tissue reaction after subcutaneous injection of Taenia saginata oncospheres.

After subcutaneous injection of T. saginata oncospheres, a slight swelling is visible at the site of injection first after 13 days. Conspicuous projecting nodes appear after 3-4 weeks. Histological examinations of the site of injection revealed the following changes: On days 3 and 4 p.i.--edema, focal necrosis and haemorrhage, exudation of leukocytes, activation of monocytes and fibroblasts. On day 7 p.i.--in addition to edema and foci of eosinophiles, a striking activation of monocytes and fibroblasts, focal accumulation of macrophages, proliferation of blood capillaries and formation of collagen. On day 10 p.i.--eosinophiles and light macrophages around the larvae, fibroplastic granulation tissue at the periphery and collagenous connective tissue abundant. Hyperplasia of lymphoid tissue starts to appear at this time. On days 13-14 p.i.--a large amount of newly formed connective tissue in granulation tissue, diffuse infiltration of eosinophiles and hyperplasia of lymphatic tissue. On days 19-34 p.i.--haemorrhage around the cysticerci, activation of macrophages, phagocytizing erythrocytes. Endothelia of blood capillaries proliferate; lymphatic follicles are formed at the periphery of nodular affection which appears after inoculation of oncospheres. On day 34 p.i.--distinct formation of a pseudocyst. At the period from 53th to 61st day after injection, there is a mature collagenous connective tissue among the cysts, but still strongly infiltrated with cells. Clusters of siderophages are visible in connective tissue septa between the cysts.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Some aspects of histochemical studies on the parasite and tissue reaction in bovine cysticercosis.

Histochemical studies on the cysticercus and surrounding tissue reaction were performed at various intervals after experimental infection. It was found that acid mucosubstances and proteins with SH- and SS-groups appeared first in the granulation tissue around the cysticercus (on about day 14 p.i.) and only later (on day 28 p.i.) in the tegument of the cysticercus where they were localized in the rim of microtriches. This envelope consisting of mucosubstances and proteins seems to be identical with the electron-dense substance found on the surface of developing cysticercus during electron-microscopical studies. It is considered to be a mimicry enabling the cysticerci to survive even in an immunologically unfavourable environment. Phospholipids were found in activated fibroblasts and in some cells of macrophage type on days 21 and 30 p.i. and in a large number in subtegumental cells of cysticercus on days 28-34 p.i. This phenomenon seems to be correlated with the increased activity of subtegumental cells of the larva in this period. In morphologically fully differentiated cysticerci, the reaction for phospholipids in subtegumental cells and distal cytoplasm was only feebly positive. Phospholipids were not detected in the rim of microtriches at any time after infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Morphology of Cysticercus bovis during its development.

On day 14 p.i., C. bovis is a spherical formation without cavity (in neonatally infected calves, the cavity already starts to form). On day 21 p.i., a conical anlage of the scolex is formed and on day 23 p.i., it bears a conspicuous invagination of the tegument. On day 28 p.i., the scolex with spiral canal, sucker anlages and single calcareous bodies is developed. On day 42 p.i., the suckers are fully differentiated and the calcareous bodies in scolex parenchyma are distributed up to below the level of suckers. On day 55 p.i., the calcareous bodies are present in the morphologically differentiated scolex even below the suckers. The authors assume that at that time the larva is already infective and if its infectivity is assessed on the basis of morphological criteria, the presence, number and distribution of calcareous bodies should be considered.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Tissue reaction in experimental cysticercosis of sheep and goats caused by infection with Taenia saginata eggs.

In experimental infection of sheep with Taenia saginata eggs the intensity of infection may be influenced by the age of the animal at the time of infection, the height of the infection dose and the mode of infection (perorally in capsules or by means of an oesophagus tube). In non-adequate intermediate hosts of T. saginata (sheep, goats), the cellular reaction around the young cysticercus is very strong, but it differs from the reaction known in bovine cysticercosis: large macrophages, which migrate to the larva at the early phase of infection in cattle, are lacking in sheep and goats. Neither the new formation of collagen in the granulation tissue was observed in these hosts, but the demarcation of the mode was formed by a wide zone of connective tissue at the periphery. The development of the cysticercus was markedly retarded and already four weeks after infection a majority of cysticerci were dead. Nodular changes persisted still 40 days p.i., when the cysts are transparent in cattle. Neither cysticerci nor their remnants were found at that time. The results of indirect haemagglutination reaction are not constant in inadequate intermediate hosts (particularly in sheep) and only low titres of antibodies can be detected even in strong infections.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Contribution to the knowledge of the reliability of some serological tests in detecting spontaneous bovine cysticercosis.

A total of 110 bulls coming from a farm where cysticercosis repeatedly occurred were examined by means of indirect haemagglutination (IHA), microprecipitation in agar (MPA), and indirect immunofluorescence reaction (IFR). Cysticercosis (isolated cysts with live or dead cysticerci) was detected in 29 of them at post-mortem examination. Among the 29 infected animals, positive reactions were obtained in 37.9% with IHA, 51.7% with MPA and 10.3% with IFR. The remaining animals were negative. Of 82 animals giving negative reactions with IHA, 22% harboured cysticerci at post-mortem examination. Of 70 animals negative with MPA, 20% were infected with cysticerci and of 71 animals negative with IFR, 29.5% were positive at the slaughter. Consequently, none of the used serological methods is reliable for the detection of a very light spontaneous infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Pathology and neonatal infection of calves with Cysticercus bovis.

It was demonstrated that the tissue reaction around the developing C. bovis in neonatally infected calves (4 days after birth) differs quantitatively and partly also qualitatively from the reaction in calves infected at the age of several months. In neonatal infection, the foci caused by cysticerci were 3-4-times smaller on day 14 p.i., and after 34 days, the cysts were quite transparent and similar to those occurring in older calves not before 42-50 days p.i. The tissue eosinophilia was lacking and the activation of fibroblasts and collagen formation was markedly weak. There was a surprisingly low number of cells of lymphoid type. The growth of the cysticercus and its morphological differentiation was only insignificantly more rapid. The serological tests (IHA, MPA, IFR) repeated four times (10-34 days p.i.). were negative in one calf, whereas in the other one, slaughtered on day 14 p.i., positive results were obtained only in IFR (1:40).

Aging↗
PubMed1982

Ultrastructure of the hatched and unhatched oncospheres of Taenia saginata.

The ultrastructure of the oncospheres of Taenia saginata after treatment with artificial gastric juice is described. After the treatment with the gastric juice, the oncosphere remains in the embryophore. Finger-like processes are formed on the membrane separating the granular layer of embryophore from the oncospheral membrane and micropores arise in the outer unit membrane of the oncospheral membrane. After the treatment with the intestinal juice, the embryophore disintegrates. The oncospheral membrane is again without pores and it is shed off after induction of active movement of the oncosphere. The activity of penetration glands increases: in the first phase, the secretion accumulates beneath the oncospheral membrane and after its shedding there appear granules of other type in the glands. This second phase of secretion seems to be important for the penetration of the oncosphere through the mucosa of the small intestine into the processes. The functional importance of the structural changes observed, the two types of secretion of penetration glands and their relation to pathological changes in the infected organ, and immune reactions are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

The activity of alkaline and acid phosphatase and non-specific esterase in experimental bovine cysticercosis at different stages of development.

The activity of alkaline and acid phosphatase and non-specific esterase was detected both in the parasite and in the tissue reaction on days 21, 23, 42, 168 and 261 after experimental infection. A very high activity of all enzymes was found in 21- and 23-day-old C. bovis in the tegument of whole bladder. In 42, 168 and 261 days old cysticerci the activity of alkaline acid phosphatase was limited only to a part of bladder surrounding the opening of the spinal canal, whereas the activity of non-specific esterase was present in the whole bladder. The activity of non-specific esterase was localized in subtegumental cells of the bladder wall and in small bodies in the bladder and scolex. These bodies increased in number with the age of the cysticercus. In the tissue reaction, a high activity of alkaline phosphatase was detected only in the period of about 20 days after infection in the layer of activated fibroblasts. The activity of acid phosphatase was demonstrated in the tissue reaction in all time periods and was localized in the histiocytes, macrophages, necrotic exudate, necrotic foci and pigment cells at the periphery of tissue reaction. These cells exhibited also the activity of non-specific esterase.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1981

Ultrastructure of the bladder tegument of Cysticercus bovis in various stages of its development.

Early developmental stages of C. bovis possess microvilli on the tegument. The differentiation of microtriches occurs at the time of scolex formation. The distal cytoplasm contains rod-shaped bodies and vesicles of various sizes. Both organelles originate from subtegumental cells. During the development of the bladder wall, three types of cells differing in their structure and organization of granular endoplasmic reticulum are present in the subtegumental layer. After formation of the scolex the cells in which the glycogen is formed sink into the region of parenchyma. The distal cytoplasm contains sensory endings of only one type, which do not penetrate on the surface of the tegument and remain under the plasmatic membrane covering the distal cytoplasm.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Morphological changes after treatment of bovine cysticercosis with droncit and oxichloron.

Droncit and Oxichloron in total doses of 100 (50 mg/kg for two days) and 300 mg/kg (100 mg/kg for three days) of body weight were applied for the treatment of cysticercosis 12 (Droncit) and 6 (Oxichloron) weeks after experimental infection. Four or six weeks after the treatment dead cysticerci or their remnants were found. There occurred a striking vacuolization of the larval tegument, but even six weeks after the treatment, muscles, portions of subtegumental cells and remnants of excretory canalicular system and microtriches were discernible. The structure of microtriches was still well preserved in some cases. The dominating component of tissue reaction around the dead larvae was the hyperplasia of lymphoid tissue forming sometimes folliculoid structures, and blastic transformation of lymphocytes. Nodules with dead larvae were separated from the surrounding tissue by connective tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Organ reaction and antibody response in experimental bovine cysticercosis].

Antibody response in the course of experimental invasion of calves with the eggs of tapeworm (Taenia saginata) was studied with the use of indirect haemagglutination reaction and microprecipitation in relation to tissue reaction. Indirect haemagglutination was positive for the first time the 21st day, microprecipitation between the 16th and 21st day, at the time of acute pathological changes induced by the developing larvae. In the period of the morphological rest of cysts, beginning about the 50th day p.i., the level of titres stabilized in the haemagglutination reaction which remained positive throughout the time of serological study (250 days p.i.). Precipitation was detectable in our set the 70th and 85th day after invasion at the latest.

Animals↗