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Biomedical subjects

K C Kanwar

Publications and source records attributed to K C Kanwar.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Human spermatozoal motility and lipid peroxidation.

Correlation between human spermatozoal motility and lipid peroxidation is worked out following their suspension in native seminal plasma and in Biggers, Whitten and Whittengham (BWW) medium. Spermatozoa suspended in BWW showed higher motility and lesser degree of lipid peroxidation than those suspended in seminal plasma. Further, higher activities of antioxidant enzymes are recorded in the BWW suspended spermatozoa vis a vis those suspended in native seminal plasma.

Catalase↗
PubMed1999

Effect of vitamin E on human sperm motility and lipid peroxidation in vitro.

AIM: To assess the protective efficacy of vitamin E to counteract the reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated damage on sperm motility, viability and lipid peroxidation. METHODS: Human semen samples were obtained from the local hospital. The split seminal fractions freed of seminal plasma were reconstituted in Ringer-Tyrode and subjected to varied vitamin E concentrations (0.1-2 mmol/L). RESULTS: Dose-dependent improvement in both motility and viability accompanied by concomitant decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA--an end product of lipid peroxidation) following vitamin E supplementation was noticed. CONCLUSION: Vitamin E protects against the ROS mediated damage on spermatozoa. Vitamin E supplementation could be of clinical importance for prolonged spermatozoal storage whenever needed.

Humans↗
PubMed1998

Human sperm motility and lipid peroxidation in different ascorbic acid concentrations: an in vitro analysis.

Human spermatozoal motility, viability and lipid peroxidation (LPO) have been assessed in Ringer-Tyrode supplemented with different concentrations of ascorbic acid (AA) ranging from 50 to 4000 microM. Ascorbic acid in concentrations below 1000 microM protects spermatozoa from free radical damage as evidenced from improvement in their motility and viability. Concomitantly, there is also witnessed depletion of malondialdehyde generation (an end product of LPO) following AA treatment. Ascorbic acid at 1000 microM concentration and above, however, is not protective, as evidenced by abrupt fall in sperm motility and viability and concomitant increase in LPO.

Antioxidants↗
PubMed1990

Venoruton as a radioprotector: a haematological assessment.

Efficacy of Venoruton--O-(hydroxyethyl) Rutoside--as a radioprotector has been tested on haematological profile of rats which were subjected to whole body radiation (500 rads). The results show radiation induced lesions in respect of total (TLC) and differential leukocyte counts (DLC)/and haemoglobin are significantly lessened when Venoruton was administered prior to radiation exposure.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Heavy lithium ingestion and haematological changes in rats.

Haematological lesions (viz. total leukocyte count, differential leukocyte count, RBC count, haematocrit value) have been studied in both adults and freshly weaned rat pups following heavy oral (50 mg/kg b.wt.) lithium administration for 2 months. Significant increase in the total leukocyte count/mm3 and neutrophil count/mm3 accompanied by concomitant fall in the lymphocyte count/mm3 was observed in both the adults and weaned rat pups at all the treatment intervals. Erythrocyte count and the haematocrit values were also significantly increased in both the treated adults and pups as compared to their age matched controls. Physiological significance of these haematological fluctuations has been discussed.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1984

Clearance of parenterally administered 203Hg from the mouse tissues.

Peak 203Hg levels in the liver, kidney, spleen, lungs and the heart of mouse following a single intraperitoneal administration, fell exponentially. Half-clearance time of 203Hg is the longest in the kidney (50 hr) followed by the liver (38 hr), spleen (25 hr) and the heart and lungs (16 hr).

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Immunoenzymic studies on testicular hyaluronidase from rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta).

Hyaluronidase from rhesus monkey testes was purified by detergent extraction, ammonium sulphate fractionation, Sephadex G-200 column chromatography and concanavalin A-Sepharose affinity chromatography. The purified hyaluronidase showed one protein band on acrylamide gel electrophoresis. Antibodies to the purified hyaluronidase were raised in rabbits and showed a single precipitin line by Ouchterlony gel diffusion. The enzyme had a molecular weight of 62,000. The Km was 0.5 mg/ml for hydrolysis of hyaluronic acid at 37 degrees C. The optimum pH for the enzyme was 5.0 but activity was present over a broad pH range. The hyaluronidase was inhibited by HgCl2, CuSO4, FeSO4 and p-chloromercuribenzoate all at a concentration of 2 x 10(-4) M. Cysteine protected the enzyme against HgCl2 inhibition.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Zinc, copper and manganese levels in various tissues following fluoride administration.

Distribution of zinc, copper and manganese has been studied in liver, kidney and bone of rats subjected for 10 months to varied fluoride concentrations in drinking-water. In the liver a significant fall in the levels of Mn, Cu and Zn was registered. In the kidney, the Mn level fell whereas the zinc level increased. In the bone, the copper content fell, whereas the manganese content increased.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Zinc Depletion following experimental fluorosis in mice.

The effect of fluoride administration on zinc levels in liver, kidney and bone, and on protein content (microgram/mg tissue wt) in liver and kidney was investigated by subjecting albino mice for 16 weeks to different concentrations of fluoride (0 ppm - control; 10 ppm - group I; 25 ppm - group II; 50 ppm - group III; 100 ppm - group IV; and 200 ppm- group V) in drinking water. Zinc levels decreased significantly in liver and bone of groups III, IV and V; the decrease being 17%, 25% and 44% (P less than 0.005) in the case of liver, and 14% (p less than 0.01), 24% (p less than 0.005), and 39% (p less than 0.005) in the case of bone in groups III, IV and V respectively. Zinc depletion in the kidney of the fluoridated animals was only statistically significant (p less than 0.005) in groups IV and V. Similarly the protein content also decreased in liver and kidney (in liver significant at p less than 0.005, p less than 0.01, and p less than 0.005; in kidney significant at p less than 0.005, p less than 0.05 and p less than 0.005 in groups III, IV and V respectively). The experimental animals, especially in groups IV (100 ppm F) and V (250 ppm F), also exhibited retardation in growth.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Clearance of orally administered 115mCd from rat tissues.

Peak 115Cd levels in the liver, kidneys, spleen and duodenum of the rat, following a single oral dose, fell exponentially. Half-clearance time for 115mCd is highest in the kidney (30 days) followed by the liver (6.8 days), the spleen (5.5 days) and the duodenum (3.5 days).

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1980

203Hg binding in the liver and kidney of the frog, Rana tigrina.

Following a single i.p. dose of the radioisotope, 203Hg was found to accumulate in both the high and low molecular weight (MW) fractions of the kidney and liver of the frog. The course of 203Hg appearance in the 2 fractions varied in the liver; 203Hg was exclusively associated with the higher MW fractions at 2 days whereas the radiotracer appeared in both low and high MW fractions at 4 and 7 days after administration. In the kidneys, however, 203Hg was associated with high and low MW fractions at all the intervals studied. Low MW 203Hg binding fraction appeared to be a metallothionein-like substance.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Biochemical changes resulting from the intraperitoneal administration of mercuric chloride and methylmercuric chloride to mice.

I.p. administration of mercuric chloride (HgCl2) and methylmercuric chloride (MeHgCl) at 1 mg/kg body wt./day for 10 consecutive days markedly influenced the phospholipid, DNA, RNA and protein of various tissues of mice. HgCl2 led to a significant increase (42%) in the liver phospholipid content but to a similar decrease in kidney phospholipid. MeHgCl reduced the phospholipid content of the brain and kidney. Kidney DNA decreased following administration of both HgCl2 and MeHgCl. MeHgCl resulted in the depleted rates of 32P uptake in the DNA fraction of all tissues studied. Both compounds increased liver and testis RNA and reduced the protein content and the 32P uptake from the protein fraction in all tissues studied.

Animals↗