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Biomedical subjects

K Fujiwara

Publications and source records attributed to K Fujiwara.

At least 595 records · Page 33Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Behavior of chlorpheniramine in vivo after administration of d- and l-chlorpheniramine maleate].

A high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed for the determination of chlorpheniramine (I) in the plasma. By this method, 1 ng of I could be measured. Plasma levels of I were determined by the HPLC method after oral administration of d-chlorpheniramine maleate (II) or l-chlorpheniramine maleate (III) to healthy subjects and dogs. Plasma levels of I brought about by oral administration of II were evidently higher than those by III both in humans and dogs. On the other hand, there was no difference in plasma levels of I when II or III was injected intravenously into dogs. Therefore, it was considered that the discrepancy in plasma levels of I after oral administration of II and III to dogs was neither due to a difference in elimination rate nor a distribution volume but rather in first-pass effect in absorption process. The result observed in the human study could be also explained in the same way as that in dogs.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

The prognosis of surgery for cervical compression myelopathy. An analysis of the factors involved.

We have studied the morphometry of the spinal cord in 50 patients with cervical compression myelopathy. Computed tomographic myelography (CTM) showed that the transverse area of the cord at the site of maximum compression correlated significantly with the results of surgery. In most patients with less than 30 mm2 of spinal cord area, the results were poor; the cord was unable to survive. Several factors, such as chronicity of disease, age at surgery and multiplicity of involvement are said to influence the results of surgery, but the transverse area of the cord at the level of maximum compression provides the most reliable and comprehensive parameter for their prediction.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Rat epidermal growth factors: purification and tissue content.

Rat epidermal growth factor (rEGF) was isolated from the submaxillary gland of male rat by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography and ion exchange chromatography. The binding of purified rEGF to human carcinoma cells (A-431) and its tritiated thymidine uptake on rat epidermal fibroblast cells (FR) were almost the same as those of purified commercially available mouse EGF (mEGF). Antisera to rEGF was raised in rabbits and a radioimmunoassay (RIA) system was established. The assay range of the RIA was about 1.0 to 100 ng/ml. The within assay coefficients of variation were 5 to 10%, while the between assay coefficients of variation were 5 to 13%. The tissue content of rEGF of male rats (10 weeks old) was examined. As a result, the submaxillary gland was found to contain a very high concentration of rEGF (214 micrograms/g wet tissue) as predicted, and digestive tissues, stomach, intestine and duodenum contained 2.49, 3.57, 9.44 ng/g wet tissue, respectively. The amounts in prostate and seminal vesicle were relatively high, being 65.6 and 2,268 ng/g wet tissue, respectively. The amount in the submaxillary gland increased markedly after 7 weeks of age. These results suggest that EGF is an important factor in gonadal function.

Aging↗
PubMed1989

Intravascular coagulation in the development of massive hepatic necrosis induced by Corynebacterium parvum and endotoxin in rats.

When Escherichia coli endotoxin was intravenously injected into rats given killed Corynebacterium parvum 6 days previously, fibrin deposition and endothelial cell injury occurred in hepatic sinusoids at 1.5 h and were intensified thereafter. Serum alanine aminotransferase values were increased along with prothrombin time and decreased plasma levels of antithrombin III and coagulation factor VIII:C at 5 h. Antithrombin III concentrate (plus heparin) or superoxide dismutase infused concurrently with injection of endotoxin significantly attenuated the derangements of these variables and the histologic extent of liver injury at 5 h. Intravascular coagulation, probably developing through the action of superoxide anion, may contribute to the development of massive hepatic necrosis induced by C. parvum and endotoxin in rats.

Angiotensin III↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical evaluation of local administration of RIL-2 in head and neck cancer].

Recombinant Interleukin-2 (rIL-2) was administered locally to 20 patients with head and neck cancer. 800 thousand units of TGP-3 were injected around the tumor mass every day for about 4 weeks. Complete response (CR) was obtained in two cases with lip cancer and one with lingual cancer showed partial response (PR), and minor response (MR) in oral floor cancer. No recurrence of tumors was observed in the two cases of lip cancer. Chemotherapy was performed with rIL-2 in cases responding only insufficiently to rIL-2. It was interesting that arterial infusion of anticancer drugs subsequent to local administration of rIL-2 resulted in a dramatic decrease in tumor size in a short time. It is suggested that local administration of rIL-2 may play an important role in multimodal treatment for head and neck cancer.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma and benign hyperplasia].

Using a 0.5 tesla superconducting magnetic system, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies were performed in 42 patients (27 prostatic carcinoma and 15 benign prostatic hyperplasia) and 2 healthy volunteers. Spin echo images were produced in the transverse, coronal and sagittal directions. T1 and T2 relaxation times were calculated from these images. The images of 2 normal prostates showed 2 separate zones: an internal zone and an external zone. The images of 8 of the 15 prostates with benign prostatic hyperplasia showed 3 zones: an internal zone, a band of low intensity and an external zone. Most of the cases of prostatic carcinoma showed extracapsular extension, so we could not detect zonal distinction of the images in 25 cases out of the 27 prostates with prostatic carcinoma. Most of the images of prostates with prostatic carcinoma showed irregular and asymmetric shape and inhomogeneous signal intensity. MRI had an accuracy of 85.7% in differentiating prostatic carcinoma from benign prostatic hyperplasia. A good correlation (r = 0.936) was observed between the weight of the whole prostate as predicted by MRI and the actual weight of the adenoma enucleated by retropubic prostatectomy. The change in volume of the prostate after hormone therapy was well evaluated by MRI. We were not able to differentiate prostatic carcinoma from benign prostatic hyperplasia on the basis of the T1 and T2 relaxation times alone. The serial measurements of the T1 and T2 relaxation times might be value in following therapeutic response of prostatic carcinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[A case of chemotherapy induced necrosis of primary mediastinal germ cell tumor].

A 17 year old male with mediastinal yolk sac tumor is herein reported. His chief complaint was anterior chest pain. Chest X-ray and chest CT indicated a 8 cm diameter mass in the anterior mediastinum. Laboratory analysis revealed 2,578 ng/ml for AFP and 54% for LDH I. HCG and CEA values were normal. Yolk sac tumor was cytologically suspected on needle aspiration specimen. Combined chemotherapy with CDDP, VP16, and PEP brought the AFP and LDH 1 values down to 10 ng/ml and 27%, respectively. The diameter of the mass decreased to 6 cm. The mass was removed together with the thymus and the right upper lobe of the lung. A post operative histological examination of the mass revealed total necrosis. Nine months after the initiation of the therapy, his AFP level was within normal limits. The patient is doing well.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Coalignment of microtubules, cytokeratin intermediate filaments, and collagen fibrils in a collagen-secreting cell system.

The distribution of microtubules and intermediate filaments in the collagen-secreting scleroblasts of the goldfish scale was investigated by immunofluorescence and electron microscopy. Many of the microtubules and cytokeratin type intermediate filaments formed bundles that were aligned with the underlying, parallel collagen fibrils. The intermediate filament bundles were evenly spaced and located adjacent to the basal plasma membrane. The microtubules, on the other hand, were located further away from the membrane, although many were found very close to the intermediate filament bundles. No detectable change was observed in scleroblast microtubules when cells on scales were treated with colchicine or cooled (greater than or equal to 0 degrees C) for up to 1 h. Cells had to be cooled overnight before the microtubules were affected. The final number and length of the microtubules in the cell depended only on the final steady-state temperature and not the temperature history of the scale cell, and steady state was reached more slowly at colder temperatures. The microtubules but not the intermediate filaments rapidly (within 5 min) and reversibly depolymerized when cells were chilled to -2 approximately -4 degrees C. When chilled cells were warmed, the microtubules polymerized back, within 15 min at room temperature, to the same pattern of parallel coalignment with the underlying collagen. They appeared to repolymerize via two different pathways: (1) a radial growth outwards from the microtubule organizing center followed by a progressive realignment with the underlying collagen and (2) a gradual and simultaneous polymerization along cold-stable, antitubulin staining fibers. These fibers were also aligned with the collagen fibrils and may be related to the aligned intermediate filaments.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Changes in (a-ET) PCO2 produced by acetazolamide in red cells, not in plasma].

The changes in (a-ET) PCO2, concentration of acetazolamide and inhibition rate of carbonic anhydrase in blood were measured for 3 hours after administration of acetazolamide to anesthetized dogs, in order to find whether the changes in (a-ET) PCO2 was in response to the concentration of acetazolamide in red cells or plasma. 1. The increase in (a-ET) PCO2 was stable for 3 hours after administration of acetazolamide (5-30 mg/kg). 2. According to the concentration of acetazolamide measured by HPLC, the concentration in erythrocytes increased quickly but decreased more slowly than in plasma. The concentration of acetazolamide in erythrocytes became higher than in plasma after 3 hours. 3. The change in the inhibition rate of CA activity in red cells and in plasma paralleled to the concentration of acetazolamide in red cells and in plasma. 4. (a-ET) PCO2 levels could be raised by low CA activity inhibited by acetazolamide in red cells, not in plasma. 5. Remaining in higher concentration of acetazolamide in erythrocytes might be occurred by the reason that acetazolamide combines with protein, especially CA, in erythrocytes to be unable to pass through the erythrocytes membrane smoothly.

Acetazolamide↗
PubMed1989

[DS-bronchial arteriography; demonstration of metastasized lymphnodes of lung cancer--with special reference to the primary effect in BAI].

We analysed the 44 DS-Bronchial arteriograms (DSBAG) of lung cancer with an attention to the demonstration of metastasized mediastinal lymphnodes. The stain of lymphnode is well demonstrated in the pericarinal region, such as station #7, #R4 along the course of bronchial arteries. The swollen nodes with stains on DSBAG show the good reduction rates (37.5%) after BAI that is analogous to the primary lesion (38.9%), in contrast to the nodes without stains (24.5%). DSBAG with excellent contrast resolution contributes to the BAI as verifying the infused area.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

[Familial spontaneous pneumothorax in three siblings including identical twins].

Two identical twin brothers and their sister who suffered from spontaneous pneumothorax (ages at onset, 18, 22 and 20 years) were admitted to our hospital. Their symptoms and clinical courses were similar and all three were finally treated by thoracotomy. No other members of their family had any history of spontaneous pneumothorax. None of these cases presented any abnormal level of serum ACE or alpha 1-antitrypsin. In order to establish the monozygosity of the brothers more accurately, we examined restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) which were shown as the band patterns of hypervariable minisatellite regions in human genomes. However there have been few reports of spontaneous pneumothorax in identical twins, but the onset of the disease tends to be the same as in our cases, suggesting a genetical background of spontaneous pneumothorax.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Follow-up study of benign breast diseases].

Follow-up study after surgery of the benign breast disease revealed that rates of the recurrence were 50%, 6%, 4%, 3.5% in those who had phyllodes tumor, duct ectasia, intraductal papillary lesion, and multiple fibroadenoma, respectively. Incidences of the subsequent breast cancer development were 14.3% after ADH, 11.7% after ALH, 1.5% after PDWA, respectively. However no difference was found statistically among those diseases(X2 = 2.89). The longest interval between time of the first surgery and time of detection of subsequently developing cancer was 68 months. Accordingly, checks at three times of postoperative third, fifth and eighth year were required for early detection of such subsequent breast cancer, using image diagnostic methods.

Breast Diseases↗
PubMed1989

[Clinical examination of serum bile acids for the diagnosis of hepatobiliary diseases].

There are four major clinical methods for determination of serum total bile acids (TBA) levels. The first is fasting TBA (FTBA), which increases specifically in liver disorders. It increased more sensitively and normalized faster than transaminases in acute hepatic injury. Secondly, the bile acid loading test is useful to examine the degree of liver cell damage. This test improved the detection rate of FTBA for the liver dysfunction and reflects the severity of the diseases. The third is the profiles and dynamic changes of individual bile acids (IBA). In liver cirrhosis synthesis of cholic acid (CA) was lowered and the ratio of CA + deoxycholic acid (DCA)/chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) + lithocholic acid (LCA) was less than 1. On the other hand in cholestasis, secondary bile acids were reduced and CA increased markedly due to the regulation of bile acid metabolism, so that the ratio of CA + DCA/CDCA + LCA was more than 1. This phenomenon can be used for the differential diagnosis of liver cell damage and cholestasis. The last is the detection of unusual bile acids, such as 3 beta-hydroxy-5-cholenoic acid is useful for the marker of hepatic cell carcinoma and the screening of congenital biliary atresia.

Bile Acids and Salts↗