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Biomedical subjects

K Haber

Publications and source records attributed to K Haber.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1984

Ultrasonic evaluation of the infant head.

Prior to the late 1970s, ultrasonic examination of the intracranial contents in infants and young children was limited to A-mode presentations. With the advent of the Octoson and of sector-format real-time ultrasonic instruments, two-dimensional imaging of infant heads became a reality. Resolution and image display is equal to that obtained with computerized tomography and in some cases appears to be superior. The technique is now in widespread use, particularly in centers with neonatal intensive care units. Its non-invasive, rapid nature makes ultrasonographic examination the procedure of choice. Sedation is not necessary. The diagnostic uses of ultrasound in evaluating intracranial pathology range from evaluation of response to ventriculo-peritoneal shunting in hydrocephalic patients to initial diagnosis of germinal matrix hemorrhage, neoplasms, and congenital malformations.

Brain↗
PubMed1983

Breast tissue classification using diagnostic ultrasound and pattern recognition techniques: II. Experimental results.

The methods of statistical pattern recognition have been applied to the problem of in vivo ultrasonic characterization of breast disease in humans. Backscattered A-mode signals obtained from a commercial pulse imaging system were used to generate a large set of potentially useful features. Using statistical tests, a small subset of discriminatory features was selected to design a Bayes decision rule for each of two tissue classification schemes: malignant disease vs. benign disease, and malignant disease vs. (benign disease + normal tissue). Classification results obtained by the rotation method included sensitivities of 88 percent and 76 percent for the two schemes, based on data obtained from 32 women. These results are encouraging, though a definitive statement concerning the extrapolation of these numbers to the general population should only be made after obtaining results with a large data base.

Breast Diseases↗
PubMed1983

The silent abdominal abscess: role of the radiologist.

An abdominal abscess usually causes severe distress with fever, leukocytosis, pain, and toxicity. However, a small but significant proportion of patients with abdominal abscess may appear entirely well with no elevated temperature or white blood cell count. Fifteen patients are reported whose initial clinical presentation was unremarkable but who had significant abscess formation that was well documented by radiographic methods. Both the radiologist and the patient's primary physician must be aware of the not infrequent presentation of abdominal abscess in a clinically innocuous manner. The lack of fever, elevated white blood cell count, or patient complaint should in no way rule out the diagnosis of abscess when positive radiographic evidence is found.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1982

Ultrasonic evaluation of postventricular shunt dynamics in infants and young children.

Two-dimensional echoencephalography provides a noninvasive method of monitoring the response of hydrocephalus to shunting in young children and of detecting complications of shunting. In this study an average of 74% of the decrease of ventricular size seen within the first six postoperative days had occurred by the first postoperative day. An average of 49% of the eventual decrease in ventriculography size occurred within the first postoperative week. The most helpful scans in the early postoperative period were obtained on the first postoperative day and again in the latter half of the first week. A clear departure from the usual pattern may indicate children at particular risk for significant shunt-related problems. While shunt failure was the most common complication, others such as mantle collapse with subdural hygromas, subgaleal fluid collections, loculations secondary to fibrous adhesions, and arachnoid cysts can be clearly defined.

Cerebral Ventricles↗
PubMed1982

Phlegmon of the pancreas.

One of the significant complications of pancreatitis is the development of a pancreatic phlegmon, a noninfected solid mass of inflamed pancreatic and retroperitoneal tissues. Clinically, a phlegmon may be confused with other pancreatic masses, especially a pseudocyst. Phlegmons typically present as palpable epigastric masses which are solid on sonography and computerized tomography. They usually resolve in a few weeks with nonsurgical conservative therapy. This report discusses the radiographic and clinical picture of pancreatic phlegmons as illustrated by four cases.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1981

Recognition of bladder tumors by excretory urography.

Bladder tumors initially may be diagnosed by excretory urography in patients undergoing the examination because of specific symptoms or unrelated complaints. Among seven strategies tested by six experienced readers, the combination of early, full-bladder, and postvoiding anteroposterior radiographs was most successful in identifying bladder tumors in a series including 20 cases of biopsy-proved bladder tumor and 19 cases of cystoscopically normal bladders. The postvoiding radiograph, when viewed alone, was the single most valuable projection, and resulted in the correct diagnosis of 14 cancers that were not appreciated on any other single radiograph for a given case. The addition of oblique projections to the other three views did not significantly increase diagnostic sensitivity.

Carcinoma, Transitional Cell↗
PubMed1980

Echographic characteristics of malignant lymph nodes.

We retrospectively reviewed the sonograms of 42 sequential patients for whom there was sonographic evidence of malignant lymphadenopathy. Twenty-three patients were known to have lymphoma, whereas 19 patients had lymph nodes involved with metastases. Each case was categorized according to the sonographic "texture" of the masses and the extent of sound transmission. Sonolucent masses were observed in 83% of the lymphoma cases and in 53% of patients with soft-tissue tumors. Nonetheless, a mixture of patterns was observed in nearly one-third of the cases. In 5 lymphoma patients there were enlarged lymph nodes that had all of the echographic qualities of simple cysts. Aside from this pattern, no correlation could be made between sonographic pattern and histologic diagnosis.

Humans↗
PubMed1980

Ultrasonic evaluation of intracranial pathology in infants: a new technique.

A prospective study had demonstrated the clinical usefulness of water-delay ultrasound as a means of routinely imaging the intracranial contents in infants younger than one year of age. Correlation between ultrasound and CT images was excellent, showing both normal and pathological anatomy. This technique is most helpful in the detection of hydrocephalus and other "fluid lesions" (subdural hygroma or hematoma, Dandy-Walker cyst, porencephalic cyst) and in evaluation of response to therapy. Because small amounts of intraventricular and subependymal hemorrhage cannot be detected by ultrasound, CT remains the procedure of choice when these conditions are suspected. The water-delay method is accurate and inexpensive, rarely requires patient sedation, and avoids exposure to ionizing radiations.

Dandy-Walker Syndrome↗
PubMed1980

Increased echogenicity of the spleen in benign and malignant disease.

Infiltration of the spleen in hematopoietic malignancy can produce diffusely increased parenchymal echo return on gray scale ultrasonography. In 13 patients with splenomegaly and an increased splenic echo pattern, nine had diagnoses of hematopoietic malignancy. Contrary to previous reports describing low-level echo return and increased anechoic conditions with infiltrating malignancy of the spleen, the patients in this report show that increased splenic echogenicity can be associated with malignant involvement.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Two-dimensional echocardiography and B-mode ultrasonography for the diagnosis of loculated pericardial effusion.

Two cases of loculated pericardial effusion resulting in cardiac tamponade are presented. The loculated nature and extent of the effusion was best defined by two-dimensional echocardiography or B- mode ultrasonography. Cross-sectional images should probably be obtained in all cases of suspected loculated pericardial effusion and in patients in whom the interpretation of the M-mode echocardiogram is equivocal as to the presence or absence of pericardial effusion.

Adult↗