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Biomedical subjects

K Harano

Publications and source records attributed to K Harano.

125 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

3alpha-Hydroxy-5beta,14beta-chol-8-en-24-oic acid and its isomer, dehydration products of chenodeoxycholic acid obtained by treatment with concentrated HC1.

3alpha, 7alpha-Dihydroxy-5beta-cholan-24-oic acid in acetic acid was treated with concentrated hydrochloric acid at room temperature. Two of the dehydration products thus obtained proved to correspond to the beta- and gamma-acids reported (5). One (gamma-acid) of these was identified as 3alpha-hydroxy-5beta, 14beta-chol-8-en-24-oic acid (IIa) by means of several spectral measurements of itself and its OsO4 oxidation products. Chemical structure of the other (beta-acid) remains undetermined.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Methoxylation of 3beta,7alpha-dihydroxychol-5-en-24-oic acid, a key intermediate of chenodeoxycholic acid biogenesis, compared with that of its 7beta-epimer.

The conventional methods of gas liquid chromatography or mass spectrometry failed to be useful for the identification of the biliary 3beta,7alpha-dihydroxychol-5-en-24-oic acid, a key intermediate of chenodeoxycholic acid biogenesis. It has been preliminarily reported that this acid in human bile was successfully identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, after the methoxylation of its allyl alcohol group. Physical as well as spectral properties of the methoxylation products derived from the acid were reported, compared with those from its 7beta-epimer.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Beta 0-thalassemia due to a nonsense mutation at beta 90 (GAG----TAG) in human hemoglobin gene.

We studied a patient with severe anemia and jaundice who exhibited a high hemoglobin A1 (HbA1) level secondary to an increase in HbF despite normal glucose tolerance. The red blood cells showed anisocytosis, poikilocytosis and polychromasia; target cells, Howell-Jolly bodies, Heints bodies and punctate basophilia were observed. No defect or reduction in activity was observed in 19 red cell enzymes. A family history of similar anemia in the patient's daughter and cousins on the mother's side indicated an involvement of genetic factors. Gene cloning and DNA analysis showed that the condition is a new type of beta 0-thalassemia caused by a nonsense mutation (GAG----TAG) in codon 90 of the beta-globin gene.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevention by ulinastatin of decreased carbonic anhydrase activity induced by PMN elastase in vitro.

Disturbed carbon dioxide (CO2) elimination in adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has been considered to result from the dead space created by microthrombosis and vasoconstriction. However, another disturbance factor in CO2 elimination has been reported; the chemical dead space resulting from the inhibition of carbonic anhydrase (CA). This experiment was conducted to quantify the inhibition of CA activity by polymorphonucleocyte (PMN) elastase, which increases in ARDS. Different flasks containing solutions of CA, buffer, elastase, ulinastatin (an elastase antagonist), CA with PMN elastase, and CA with both PMN elastase and ulinastatin were prepared. Each flask was injected with sodium bicarbonate labeled with radioactive carbon (14C) and was shaken for 20 minutes; CA activity in each flask was measured by calculating the decrease in the coefficient (K) of 14C. It was observed that CA activity was inhibited dose-dependently by PMN elastase and that the inhibited activity was recovered by ulinastatin, which can inhibit PMN elastase. These findings indicate that CA activity in vitro could be inhibited by PMN elastase, which increases in ARDS, and suggests that disturbance of CO2 elimination could be reduced by using ulinastatin. It was concluded that ulinastatin could prevent the CA activity induced by PMN elastase in vitro.

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

MR imaging of idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia: correlation with non-surgical therapy.

Magnetic resonance (MR) findings in patients with idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia were evaluated and correlated with the effectiveness of non-surgical treatments. Thirty-four patients with idiopathic trigeminal neuralgia (ITN) were examined using T1- and T2-weighted spin-echo (SE) pulse sequence techniques to evaluate their trigeminal root-entry zones and the vessels contacted prior to non-surgical treatment (retrogasserian glycerol injection, peripheral nerve block, or only oral analgesics). Vascular contact at the proximal portion of the preganglionic segment (PGS) of the trigeminal nerve and deformity of the PGS on the affected side were observed in 97% and 47% of the patients, respectively. Non-surgical treatments were curative in 12 (67%) but failed in two (11%) of the 18 patients without deformed PGS. However, among 16 patients with deformed PGS, they were curative in only six (37.5%) and failed in four (25%). Results of this study suggest that MR imaging could be useful in the clinical assessment of trigeminal neuralgia prior to instituting non-surgical treatment.

Administration, Oral↗