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Biomedical subjects

K Havlícek

Publications and source records attributed to K Havlícek.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Current views on pancreatic carcinoma].

The modern methods of diagnosis can detect cancer of pancreas in stage in which possibility of operation is so high. The contribution of mini-invasive surgery is to prepare patient to operate on with success and low risk. We give an account of view to surgical problems with adenocarcinoma of exocrine pancreas which is developed in course of hundred years of surgical practice. We present retrospective study (not closed) of patients with that diagnosis during the last 5 years, complications, algorithm of diagnosis, procedures results.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2000

[Yeast infections in patients in a surgical intensive care unit].

The authors evaluate importance of candida infections in a surgical ICU. They present recent survey of aetiology, pathogenesis, diagnostic methods, clinical manifestations and therapy of invasive candida infections. The aim of this article is especially to summarize risk factors of the candida infection development.

Candidiasis↗
PubMed1997

[Congenital diaphragmatic cyst in a child].

The case of 8-year-old boy with congenital diaphragmatic cyst is presented. The aspects of the origin of this anomalies, the surgical finding and the method of the reconstruction of diaphragma are described.

Child↗
PubMed1993

[Initial experience with the use of fibrin glue in clinical surgery].

The use of tissue glue has been extended to all parts of surgery. There is not much experience in its application in this country. The report deals with the first clinical results of its use on various indications in general, traumatological, thoracic, vascular and pediatric surgery. A total of 100 patients were investigated. The fibrin system was found to be reliable, effective and safe. A successful use was noted in 88%, unsuccessful in 12% and complications occurred in 4%. Differences in success were statistically important in various indications. Special attention was given to serious complications that must be avoided.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Autotransplantation of the spleen].

The authors present a report on the autotransplantation of the damaged spleen by successful use of a tissue fibrin glue to fix thin lienal slices to the greater omentum. The new method was used in 8 men and 2 women, with the exception of one man in all patients after multiple injuries. From the total number two women died from sequelae of the injuries. Complications caused by replantation of the tissue were not observed. All the other patients survive and have no complaints associated with the loss of the spleen. The function of the transplant can be tested only by scintigraphy and laboratory examination. Other examinations by means of sonography, CT, X-ray of the stomach and irrigoscopy are not conclusive. The described method of replantation is suitable as it is simple and safe. In children orthotopic replantation is more suitable.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[The appropriateness of pneumonectomy in the treatment of lung diseases].

Evaluation of results following lung surgery, with a total of 303 pulmonary resections performed at the Department of Surgery in Pardubice Municipal Hospital over the years 1981-1986, made the authors review the patients' overall status after pneumonectomy. Special attention was given to the causes of death, differences in survival rates after left and right pneumonectomy, the relationship between survival rates and preoperative values of spirometry, and the quality of life after surgery. The causes of death within one moth of surgery were identical with known complications. The other patients operated on were dying gradually of recurrence of the malignant process. The five-year survival rate was 31% of all patients undergoing surgery. Differences in survival rates following left and right pneumonectomy were not related to the site of the procedure but to the stage of the disease, evaluated using the international staging system. Preoperative values of spirometry do not provide a clue for survival rates. The quality of life after pneumonectomy is satisfactory, changing only with recurrence of the process. Pneumonectomy is fully justified in the treatment of lung neoplasms and other lung diseases.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Heterotopic autotransplantation of the spleen in piglets].

An experimental study was developed to assess the method of heterotopic autotransplantation of the spleen into the greater omentum in 11 piglets. Tissue fibrin glue was employed to fix 2-3 mm slices of the spleen, and the lower part of the omentum was glued to the grafts. While one piglet died within 3 days since surgery, the other experimental animals survived 6 months without complications and were sacrificed. A histologically viable splenic tissue in the original quantity, or a quantity increased by 1/4, was found in 80% of the piglets. Compared with the original grafts, the bulk of the regenerate shrank by 2/3 in 20% of the animals; splenic tissue was altered by necroses and scarring. The technique of glueing splenic slices into the omentum using fibrin coagulum has a future in clinical surgery.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Initial experience with use of fibrin glue in the treatment of acute gastroduodenal hemorrhage].

A new therapeutic method of acute haemorrhage into the upper gastrointestinal tract is the application of fibrin sealants to the bleeding site. The authors present their own experience with the method of endoscopic haemostasis of haemorrhage into the upper gastrointestinal tract in a total of 56 patients with haemorrhage into the gastrointestinal tract. Five patients with oesophageal varices were treated by the injection technique--Polidocanol was used for sclerotization. In 35 patients with haemorrhage Forrest I haemostasis was ensured by use of a fibrin sealant. In 28 patients this was preceded by electrocoagulation or thermocoagulation. In these 35 patients fibrin sealing had to be repeated in three patients and only one of the patients was operated. Another patient was operated on account of a relapse of haemorrhage without repeated endoscopic intervention. From the total number of 35 patients only four were operated--two patients because of local permanent haemostasis after endoscopic treatment, two patients on account of relapse of haemorrhage. Both died during the postoperative period. One man committed suicide--complete haemostasis after endoscopic treatment was confirmed on autopsy. In a total of 35 patients in 33 permanent haemostasis was achieved incl. 30 were the lesion healed completely.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

[Reinforcement anastomoses in the small intestine with fibrin glue (experimental study)].

In an experiment on baby pigs the authors tested the strength of an end-to-end anastomosis of the small intestine by atraumatic inverted silon stitches in one layer reinforced by a fibrin film along the circumference of the suture. Intraluminal pressure was increased 15 minutes after application of the glue and completion of the anastomosis. The differences in the strength of the simple suture and that reinforced by the fibrin coagulum are statistically significant. The fibrin-reinforced anastomosis is more resistant against increased intraluminal pressure. After resection of the damaged portion the passage was restored by a new anastomosis in one layer and reinforced by fibrin glue. Five minutes after the fibrin film had dried, the loop was returned into the peritoneal cavity. All experimental animals survived without damage for a period of six months. Histological examination of the preparation confirmed satisfactory healing by a smooth scar without reaction of the tissue to alien material.

Anastomosis, Surgical↗
PubMed1992

[The fibrin glue system in the care of experimental injuries of the spleen and liver].

In experiments on 28 rabbits and 28 baby pigs the authors tested the effectiveness of a fibrin glue mixture prepared from locally available components in a fatal injury of the liver and spleen. The authors used an original system of application "Duplojekt" for simultaneous application. Using the technique of digital compression of the margins of the wound and simple application of the fibrin glue, they repaired extensive tissue injury. They investigated the time needed for haemostasis, for adequate adherence of the coagulum to the wound and adequate hardness of the coagulum. They recorded the total time of the operation and amound of glue used. They used two different concentrations of fibrinogen with a low and high value and a standard concentration of thrombin for rapid reaction and formation of the coagulum. The authors found equal haemostatic effects of the two systems and different times of the mixtures with a high and low fibrinogen value. The glue with the high fibrinogen concentration was more effective. Both systems with the low and high fibrinogen concentration are, however, effective and reliable. Treatment of an extensive injury was safe in all instances. All experimental animals survived the operation, and the postoperative period and were killed at the defined times. The selected method and elaborated technique are useful for clinical surgery.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Early diagnosis and therapy of jejunoileal atresia].

Clinical symptoms of atresia of the small intestine with dramatic symptoms are manifested soon after delivery by severe emesis with the risk of aspiration of the intestinal contents. This malformation is manifested by an increased volume of amniotic fluid and it is possible to diagnose it from this symptom and dilated intestinal loops by ultrasound a long time before delivery. In the described case the authors confirmed the thus revealed obstacle by X-ray examination of the abdomen in a suspended position and by irrigoscopy. On operation they had to eliminate on account of atresia of several separate segments more than half the small intestine. By parenteral nutrition, antibiotics and permanent paediatric care the authors controlled all complications and after eight and a half months the operated infant could be discharged. Gradually it compensated the initial deficit of body weight. The psychomotor development was accelerated.

Female↗
PubMed1992

[Present possibilities of surgical treatment in splenic injuries].

Surgical treatment of the spleen has changed fundamentally in recent years--Splenectomy is indicated unequivocally only in systemic diseases. Isolated lienal disease is treated by partial or segmental resection. Ruptures of the healthy spleen caused by injury with minor haemorrhage are treated conservatively with permanent clinical monitoring, laboratory control, control by CT, scintigraphy, angiography and sonography. Conservative treatment is suitable only in isolated lienal injury with the patient in a stable haemodynamic state. The diagnosis can be made accurate by abdominal puncture or peritoneal lavage. Persisting haemorrhage suggesting major injury of the parenchyma must be resolved by urgent laparotomy. After evaluation of the type of injury it is necessary to select treatment which preserves a maximum of lienal tissue. In addition to conventional procedures physical methods of treatment are enforced to an increasing extent. Infra red, hot air, microwave and laser coagulation that the department possesses equipment uncommon in this country equipment which is not easy to obtain. Among modern highly effective methods tissue glues should be mentioned made from highly concentrated fibrinogen and thrombin. Using this method it is possible to treat even deep injuries of the lienal parenchyma as well as tissue after partial or segmental resection. Fibrin glue can be combined with other conventional and physical therapeutic methods. At present the surgeon is faced in case of an injured spleen with the unequivocal task to preserve the spleen, if at all possible. In case the spleen has to be removed because of a major injury its replantation should be ensured; in children orthotopic, in adults heterotopic transplantation into the omentum. By complete removal of a spleen which can be treated and preserved the patient is damaged and exposed to the risk of possible complications threatening the patient's health and possible his life.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

[Fibrin glue and wound healing].

Bioadhesive systems used in medicine must meet certain prerequisites on which their application depends. A very important relationship is that of glue and tissue, irritability, the influence on regeneration of tissue cells and histotoxicity. The authors evaluated in an experimental study the necroptic appearance of the peritoneal cavity, the microscopic character of the scar and histological appearance of tissue after treatment of an induced hepatic and lienal rupture in 28 rabbits and 28 baby pigs, using fibrin tissue glue. The typical properties of the adhesive fibrin system ensue from its physiological properties. Filling the wound enhances natural biological processes of healing. The tissue reaction to the applied tissue fibrin coagulum is favourable. The treated parenchymatous organs, liver and spleen, healed by a smooth scar. The number of adhesions in the peritoneal cavity in all thus treated experimental animals after treatment of the spleen was similar. Fewer adhesions were observed when using glue for repairing liver injuries in rabbits. The macroscopic appearance of the scar was similar, the scar was less visible in the liver parenchyma. The histological appearance was similar. The glue did not damage the tissue surrounding the parenchyma and did not act as a foreign body. The assessed results confirm the harmlessness of the fibrin glue, tissue tolerance and satisfactory healing with out a reaction to alien material. After healing the fibrin glue replaced by natural fibrous tissue.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Fibrin tissue glue, its preparation and methods of application].

Fibrin glues used abroad are not imported to this country. Experience assembled abroad confirms the great possibilities to use them in the treatment of various tissues in all surgical disciplines. Attempts to apply this method must start by the elaboration of a similar system of glues from local raw materials. The effectiveness depends on the quality and concentration of individual components. The authors present a report on the possibility to elaborate a tissue glue from local resources using fibrinogen obtained from homologous blood or the patient's own blood. Fibrinogen USOL, Antilysin Spofa, Trombin Imuna and Calcium chloratum Spofa are readily available. The authors mention methods of the most suitable dilution of fibrinogen and methods how to obtain concentrated fibrinogen from autologous blood. They describe the preparation of both constituents of the glue for application and different methods of application. They evaluate advantages of different methods of administration. The authors describe also their own experience with the preparation and use of fibrin glue and experience with his own system of application. The advantages of fibrin tissue glue were proved by its use in different areas of surgery. Its particular importance was described in the treatment of injuries of parenchymatous organs.

Drug Compounding↗
PubMed1991

[Hemostatic and adhesive properties of fibrin tissue glue in an experiment].

The authors compared in experiments the adhesive properties and haemostatic action of the foreign preparation Tissucol with a gluing system elaborated from locally produced constituents. The lack of availability of foreign fibrin tissue glues leads to their inadequate use in our departments. Readily available local preparations can reduce this shortcoming. They are, however, not adequately used so far. The objective of the present work was to test the adhesive and haemostatic action of several gluing systems, which differ by their fibrinogen concentration. The gluing systems were created by a similar composition and concentration as Tissucol. Experiments were performed on 22 rabbits under general i.v. and i.m. anaesthesia. The adhesive properties were tested by the firmness of a glued skin autotransplant, the haemostatic action by gluing a bleeding piercing wound of the liver. The authors proved the effectiveness of all used fibrin systems which have different qualities. The properties of Tissucol were matched only by a glue with a high fibrinogen and thrombin concentration. Our presentations can reliably replace foreign fibrin glues.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Tissue glues and the fibrin glue system].

The authors submit a report on the present state of development of tissue glues and their use in medicine. They characterize synthetic glues and the fibrin gluing system. They draw attention to the advantages and shortcomings of both systems. The composition of the fibrin glue is analyzed and its properties are analyzed, incl. the relation to treated tissue. Attention is drawn to the favourable properties of fibrin tissue glue in the treatment of tissues, the authors evaluate its sole use as well as its use in combination with traditional suture. They also mention preparations used in the production of the glue and compare the costs of their preparation. Principles for the production of the two components and prerequisites of their wider use in future are emphasized.

Fibrin Tissue Adhesive↗