Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to K Herrmann.
In this paper the chemical composition and the known constituents of mango, pomegranate, passion fruits, papaya, guava, feijoa, litchi, cherimoya and other Annona-species, japanese persimmone, acerola, prickly pears, naranjilla, tamarillo and cape-gooseberry are reviewed. The composition of avocado and kiwi is shortly refered.
A low-passage Edmonston strain of measles virus gave on the average four-fold higher antibody titers than two high-passage strains of Edmonston virus when used in a virus plaque neutralization test. Heterologous anti-human immunoglobulin did not affect antibody titers obtained with the low-passage virus but enhanced antibody titers obtained with the high-passage viruses on the average eight-fold. These differences in virus sensitivity to neutralization and neutralization potentiation by anti-immunoglobulin were interpreted as being possibly due to differences in density or accessibility of the functional antigens of measles virus. The conventional plaque neutralization test utilizing the low-passage Edmonston virus was about 10 times more sensitive than the virus CPE-neutralization test, 60 times more sensitive than the measles hemagglutination-inhibition test and 220 times more sensitive than the measles complement-fixation antibody test.
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Three day cultures of human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) contain significant numbers of lymphoblasts binding 125I-alpha 1-AT as well as those with membrane-associated alpha 1-AT detectable by immunofluorescence. Co-cultivation of PBL with T cell mitogens leads to the appearance of lymphoblasts with membrane-associated alpha 1-AT while B cell mitogens induce lymphoblasts with a binding capacity for 125I-alpha 1-AT. It could be shown that unstimulated lymphocytes neither have membrane-associated alpha 1-AT nor possess a binding capacity for it. The highest number of lymphoblasts with membrane-associated alpha 1-AT was found in Con A stimulated cultures as revealed by indirect immunofluorescence. By contrast, PHA or PPD stimulated cultures contained much less such cells of lower fluorescence intensity. Co-cultivation of PBL with the B cell mitogens LPS and rabbit-anti-human gammaglobulin-IgG-F(ab')2 induced lymphoblasts with a clear binding capacity for 125I-alpha 1-AT, while dextran-sulphate had no effect. A possible regulative role of alpha 1-AT in the immune response is discussed.
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In polyacrylamide gel gradient electrophoresis, serum and blister fluid of patients with bullous pemphigoid showed a nearly identical protein distribution pattern except for one more concentrated fraction in the blister fluid. This fraction could be isolated by several gel chromatographic steps and then be characterized as a protein with a molecular weight of 240,000 (BFP 240,000) consisting of several subunits. Two of these subunits could be identified as C3 fragments and two other ones as basement membrane zone antigens (BMZ-Ag) by means of a modified Laurell technique. The molecular weight of the BFP 240,000 may be small enough to allow it to penetrate through the vessel wall into the blood circulation where, with the BMZ-antibodies (BMZ-Ag-BMZ-Ab-complexes can be formed. The occurrence of such immune complexes in the serum has been shown in a previous paper.
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One patient suffering from pemphigus foliaceus exhibited the typical intercellular deposits of immunoglobulins in the subcorneal layers of the affected and not affected skin by direct be detected by means of several antigensubstrates. They could only be found after splitting of the antigen-antibodies-complexes. The laboratory findings exclude a more distinct deviation of the humoral and cellular immune reactivity.
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From the leaves of dill (Anethum graveolens L.) ten flavonol glycosides have been isolated by means of polyamide, paper and thin-layer chromatography and could be identified by the usual procedures. The two major flavonoids, quercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucuronide and isorhamnetin 3-O-beta-D-glucuronide, were obtained crystalline. The minor components were found to be the 3-glucosides, 3-galactosides and 3-rhamnoglucosides of quercetin and isorhamnetin. Two other 3-glycosides of quercetin and isorhamnetin occur with the component sugars galactose, xylose, and arabinose. Besides these there are probably other two flavonoids present in trace amounts. In addition, the fruits of dill contain kaempferol 3-glucuronide as main component thought this component is completely absent in leaves.--This is probably the first time that isorhamnetin 3-O-beta-D-glucuronide has been obtained crystalline from a plant.
The development of a qualitative and quantitative method of determination for glycosides of flavones, flavonols and flavanones and their aglycones by means of high pressure liquid chromatography is described. Silicagel LiChrosorb Si 60 is used as stationary phase, as well as various eluents at different temperatures. The compounds are acetylated. An extract of plum leaves serves as example of application.
In several metasomal blood vessels of Phoronis muelleri myofilament-containing podocytes are the predominatnt cell-type. In some regions the podocytes can build a labyrinth resembling e.g. the glomerular epithelium of Enteropneusta and the axial organ of Asteroidea.
The flavonol glycosides of apple skin (Malus silvestris Mill. cv. Golden Delicious) were separated by means of cellulose column chromatography and paper chromatography, and the following compounds were obtained crystalline and identified by usual procedures: quercetin 3-O-alpha-D-galactoside, quercetin 3-O-xyloside, quercetin 3-O-alpha-L-arabinofuranoside, quercetin 3-O-rhamnoside and rutin. Quercetin 3-O-beta-D-glucoside also was identified, but could not be obtained crystallin. A comparison by TLC of 10 very different varieties of apples namely Golden Delicious, Cox Orange, Roter Berlepsch, Cortland, Ingrid Marie, Jonathan, Boskoop, Laxtons Superb, Gloster, and James Grieve demonstrated the same flavonol glycosides and thus showed no distinctions in glycosid pattern between the different varieties of these apples.
Immune function studies of healthy members of families with multiple lymphoreticular neoplasms were compared with those of healthy members of families with multiple cancers and families with no known history of cancer. The lymphoma family group had a significantly elevated serum level of IgM and diminished responses to the Candida albicans skin test antigen and the T-cell mitogen concanavalin A. Subjects with Epstein-Barr virus-viral capsid antigen titers greater than or equal to 160 had lower responses to mitogens.
No free anti-basement membrane antibodies were found in the sera of four patients with bullous pemphigoid, and no free anti-DNA antibodies in the sera of two patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. The sera treated with 3 mol/l urea and by gel chromatography to separate these antibodies from any circulating complexes, and antibodies to basement membrane were detected by immunofluorescence and to DNA by the Farr technique. The appropriate antibodies were found in all the sera, indicating that failure to detect antibodies by routine procedures may be due to binding of the antibodies to soluble antigens forming complexes in the sera.
The flavonoid constituents of carrot leaves (Daucus carota L. ssp. sativa) were separated by means of cellulose column chromatography, and the following compounds were obtained crystalline and identified by usual procedures: luteolin 7-beta-D-glucoside as the main flavon, luteolin 4'-beta-D-glucoside, luteolin 7-beta-D-glucuronide, apigenin 7-beta-D-glucoside, apigenin 7-rutinoside, chrysoeriol 7-beta-D-glucoside. Luteolin 7-rutinoside also was identified, but could not be obtained crystalline.