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Biomedical subjects

K Honma

Publications and source records attributed to K Honma.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Hepar lobatum carcinomatosum due to metastatic breast carcinoma.

This is the first clinico-pathological report of hepar lobatum carcinomatosum (HLC), the rarest form of metastatic liver disease. The primary lesion was a scirrhous breast carcinoma. HLC closely resembles its syphilitic counterpart macroscopically, and is characterized by multifocal cancer-bearing scars and compensatory hyperplasia of the spared liver parenchyma. Multifocal carcinomatous obstruction of portal and hepatic venous vessels as well as rather slow progression of the clinical course may determine the development of HLC. In addition to the possible association of portal hypertension, the differential diagnosis from other types of unusual liver metastasis is discussed.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1987

The ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus is not essential for the prefeeding corticosterone peak in rats under restricted daily feeding.

The role of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH) in the generation of the prefeeding corticosterone peak was examined in rats under restricted daily feeding, under which daily meal supply was restricted to a fixed time in the early light period. Rats were lesioned in the VMH bilaterally and subjected to restricted daily feeding during two different post-operative phases and with two different durations of food presentation. A restricted feeding with free access to meal for 4 hr was imposed on the VMH-lesioned rats from 2 to 4 weeks after the lesion, when the daily food intake increased significantly (dynamic phase). The restricted feeding induced the prefeeding hormone peak in sham operated rats, but failed to develop it in the VMH-lesioned rats. On the other hand, the hormone peak appeared in the VMH-lesioned rats subjected to the feeding schedule from 8 to 10 weeks after the lesion, when the daily food intake was not different from the control (static phase). Moreover, the VMH-lesioned rats showed the hormone peak even in the dynamic phase when the access to meal was shortened to 1 hr. These results indicate that the VMH is not essential for the generation of the prefeeding corticosterone peak under restricted daily feeding, and suggest that a special metabolic state observed during the dynamic phase of VMH lesion prevents the development of the feeding-associated oscillation or its expression upon plasma corticosterone level.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Activity rhythms in the circadian domain appear in suprachiasmatic nuclei lesioned rats given methamphetamine.

Female rats were lesioned in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) electrolytically and treated with methamphetamine. The SCN lesions abolished the circadian locomotor rhythm completely. When methamphetamine was administered in the drinking water, robust rhythmicities in locomotor activity appeared in the SCN lesioned rats, which did not entrain to the 24 hr light cycle. The period of the activity rhythm was dose-dependent; the lower the concentration of methamphetamine was, the shorter the period of the rhythm became. When rats were treated with 0.005% methamphetamine, the mean period was 26.4 hours. In addition, activity time (alpha) became shorter, rest time (rho) longer and alpha/rho ratio lower, when methamphetamine concentration was decreased. After methamphetamine withdrawal, the rhythmicity disappeared and locomotor activity became aperiodic again. When methamphetamine was administered continuously by means of an osmotic minipump, similar rhythmicities appeared in locomotor activity of the SCN lesioned rats. It is concluded that methamphetamine manifests an activity rhythm whose period is in the circadian range. The rhythmicity is independent of the SCN and is not entrained by the light-dark cycle.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1987

Three cases of secondary leukemia. Clinicopathologic findings.

Three cases of secondary leukemia developing after chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy for myeloma, mycosis fungoides, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma are reported. The first case was a 51-year-old man with IgG-lambda myeloma, treated with melphalan and prednisolone, who developed acute myelomonocytic leukemia 54 months after the diagnosis of myeloma. The second case was a 54-year-old woman with mycosis fungoides treated with radiation, predonine, and cyclophosphamide, who developed acute megakaryoblastic leukemia 298 months after the diagnosis of mycosis fungoides. The third case was a 35-year-old woman with stage IV non-Hodgkin's lymphoma treated with VEMP who developed acute myelogenous leukemia 26 months after the diagnosis of malignant lymphoma. All cases showed pancytopenia and two of three cases had morphologic abnormality in several hemopoietic cell lineages in the leukemic stage. There is a possibility that second malignancies are an increasingly recognized complication in the patients treated with a large amount of chemo-radiotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Phase setting of circadian locomotor rhythm of infant rats.

Postnatal phase setting of pup circadian rhythm by nursing mother was examined in rats by mother-pup exchange experiments. To know the effect of phase reversal of the nursing mother, pups were exchanged after birth so that a mother rat raised pups, half of which were born to her and the other half which came from a reversed mother, and activity onset and offset of pup locomotor rhythm were measured at weaning. Effects of litter size were also examined. Direct entrainment to light-dark cycles was excluded by blinding pups. In the unexchanged group, a strong positive correlation was detected between the phase of the circadian rhythm at weaning and the free-running period measured after weaning. The area covered by the 99% confidence interval of the regression line was used for the phase reference zone, and the circadian rhythm of an exchanged pup whose phase at weaning was located outside the reference zone was regarded as having been influenced by the nursing mother. The complete phase reversal occurred in two out of seven exchanged pups when litter size was relatively large (n = 5-7) and in 9 out of 11 when litter size was small (n = 2). It is concluded that the nursing mother rat is capable of phase setting the circadian locomotor rhythm of blinded pups. This maternal effect seems to be related to litter size.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Restricted daily feeding during nursing period resets circadian locomotor rhythm of infant rats.

Phase setting of the circadian rhythm by restricted daily feeding (RF) was examined in rat pups. Feeding of virgin, pregnant, and nursing rats together with pups was restricted to 4 h at a fixed time of the day. Phases of the circadian rhythm developed in neonatally blinded pups were measured on the day of weaning to evaluate the effect of RF on phase setting. The activity onset and offset of the locomotor rhythm were used for the phase reference. In blinded pups born and raised under ad libitum feeding, the phase at weaning was a function of the free-running period measured after weaning and located in a narrow range (control zone). When RF was imposed from 2 wk prior to the conception (C) until weaning (3w), the pups phases were located outside the control zone and related to the feeding time. To identify the period in which the phase setting is effective, RF was imposed during 5 different periods (C-0w, C-1w, C-2w, 2-6w, and 3-6w). The circadian rhythm of all pups in the C-2w group and some in the C-1w was phase set, but those in other groups were not affected. It is concluded that RF imposed during the early nursing period is capable of phase setting the circadian system of blinded infant rats.

Activity Cycles↗
PubMed1986

Unilateral pulmonary metastasis in a patient with osteogenic sarcoma surviving longer than 13 years after leg amputation.

A case of osteogenic sarcoma of the left fibula in a patient surviving longer than 13 years after amputation and developing an unusual pattern of late metastasis, including a unilateral pulmonary mass, is presented. Autopsy revealed unilateral pulmonary metastasis with extensive old, "burned-out" areas, in contrast to extrapulmonary metastatic deposits composed exclusively of fresh tumor tissue, suggesting secondary development of extrapulmonary metastases from the pulmonary lesion. In addition to the possibility of metastatic disease even after post-therapeutic survival of more than 10 years, unusual manifestation of late metastasis is discussed in the light of a review of the literature.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Metastasizing ectopic thymoma arising in the right thoracic cavity and mimicking diffuse pleural mesothelioma--an autopsy study of a case with review of literature.

A case of metastasizing ectopic thymoma arising in the right thoracic cavity and infiltrating the right lung and pleura in a fashion reminiscent of diffuse pleural mesothelioma is presented. An involuted, non-neoplastic thymus was demonstrated microscopically in the anterior mediastinum. No case of thymoma showing the combination of ectopic location and biological malignancy has yet been reported in the literature. The pathogenesis of ectopic thymuses and thymomas is discussed from an embryological standpoint. The discrepancy between morphology and biological behaviour of thymomas is also mentioned with a review of the literature.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1986

Food ingestion is more important to plasma corticosterone dynamics than water intake in rats under restricted daily feeding.

The roles of food and/or water ingestion in the regulation of plasma corticosterone level were examined in rats under restricted daily feeding. When the time of food-pellets and water supply was restricted to 2 hours in the early light period (meal feeding) for 2 weeks, the corticosterone level increased prior to meal (prefeeding peak). A similar prefeeding hormone peak was observed when supply of food-pellets was restricted to 2 hours with free-access to water (food restriction). In contrast, when water supply was restricted to 2 hours with free-access to food-pellets (water restriction), the hormone level before water supply did not increase as much as that under meal feeding or food restriction. Shortening of an available time for water under water restriction or prolongation of the restriction schedule failed to elevate the hormone level furthermore. On the other hand, the high prefeeding corticosterone level before meal decreased subsequently to meal feeding (prandial fall), which was not observed when rats were kept fasting during the meal time. This prandial fall of the hormone level was not observed by water intake alone, and closely related to food-pellets ingestion. It is concluded that food ingestion is more important than water intake to the formation of the prefeeding corticosterone peak and to the prandial fall of the hormone level under restricted daily feeding.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1986

Disorganization of the rat activity rhythm by chronic treatment with methamphetamine.

Remarkable changes in the circadian activity rhythm of rats were observed when they were chronically treated with methamphetamine dissolved in drinking water. The circadian rhythm was phase-delayed with respect to the light-dark (LD) cycle, and showed signs of relative coordination. In some rats, the circadian organization was disturbed and two activity components appeared, with one component free-running and the other entrained by the LD cycle. After methamphetamine withdrawal, these changes disappeared rapidly but there were transient periods of 2-3 days before establishment of a stable entrainment to the LD cycle. The changes in the circadian rhythm persisted even in constant darkness (DD). The period around 24 hr in DD was significantly shorter during methamphetamine treatment than after the drug withdrawal. These results indicate that neither alteration of the sensitivity to light nor lengthening of the intrinsic period is involved in the methamphetamine induced disorganization of the circadian rhythm. Possible mechanisms are discussed in terms of a multi-oscillatory system.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Characterization of the prandial plasma corticosterone peak in the freely moving rat.

To characterize the prandial plasma corticosterone peak, three experiments were done on adult male Wistar rats: (1) the prandial hormone peak was followed at three different times of day, 0800 h, 1900 h, and 0100 h, in starved rats; (2) a 20% glucose solution was infused into the jugular vein or was given as a drinking solution after a 24-h starvation; (3) in order to determine the role of vagal proprioceptive inputs, the hormone peak was examined at two times of day, 0800 h and 0100 h, in starved vagotomized rats. The prandial hormone peak was more conspicuous at midnight than in the daytime. Exposure to food pellets without feeding failed to induce a hormone rise. The peak appeared after oral ingestion, but not after intravenous infusion, of glucose solution. Ingestion of water alone was without effect. The peak was not affected by bilateral vagotomy. Thus, as far as glucose as a metabolite is concerned, the possibility that glucose per se works directly on the brain or indirectly through glucoreceptors in the gut was excluded. Possible modes of action of glucose ingestion are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Effects of methamphetamine on development of circadian rhythms in rats.

To determine the effect of continuous methamphetamine treatment on development of the circadian system, the daily courses of spontaneous locomotor activity and plasma corticosterone level were determined in infant rats. Methamphetamine was dissolved in drinking water at a concentration of 0.005%, and administered to rats from postnatal day 14. The circadian locomotor rhythm in methamphetamine treated rats was not significantly different from that in non-treated rats for the first 4 weeks of drug treatment. Then the rhythm began to show signs of relative coordination and finally split into two activity components. One component entrained to the light-dark cycle, whereas the other free-ran in spite of the light cycle. The rhythm of plasma corticosterone in the methamphetamine treated group was not different from that in the control group at 4 weeks after birth, but was significantly phase-delayed at 8 weeks. Splitting was not observed for the corticosterone rhythm. It is concluded that continuous administration of methamphetamine to infant rats affects the circadian rhythms for spontaneous locomotor activity and plasma corticosterone level. Possible mechanisms of methamphetamine effects were discussed in terms of the circadian system underlying these rhythms.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1986

[Sensitivity of esophageal cancer to anticancer agents and supplementary chemotherapy combined with surgical treatment].

The authors examined the sensitivities of esophageal cancer to Bleomycin (BLM), Peplomycin (PEP), Cisplatin (CDDP) and 5-FU by the INAS method using 3H-thymidine or 14C-formate as labeled precursors, and determined the concentrations of anticancer agents in cancer lesions by the Band Culture method. On the other hand, the authors investigated the superiority or inferiority of various methods of BLM administration by observing the prevention effect of BLM on the development of experimental esophageal cancer in rats. Forty-three cases out of 76, 57%, showed a sensitivity to BLM, 60% to PEP, 38% to CDDP and 56% to 5-FU. As to the types of roentgenological findings, the superficial and tumorous types showed a high sensitivity rate. As to the types of macroscopical findings, the protruded and superficial types showed a high sensitivity rate. As to the types of histological findings, well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma showed a high sensitivity rate. Sensitivity was higher in metastatic lymph nodes than in main cancer lesions. Tumor tissues which had undergone previous hyperthermic management (at 42 degrees C) showed a higher sensitivity than those which had not. PEP at a half dose brought about the same grade of anticancer effect as BLM. The sensitivities of esophageal cancer to various anticancer agents showed individual differences among clinical cases. Therefore, combination chemotherapy for esophageal cancer was thought to be an effective administration method. The divided administration of small doses of BLM was thought to be more superior than the one-shot administration of a large dose for esophageal cancer. The results of the INAS sensitivity test were perfectly coincident with the effects of chemotherapy in clinical cases of esophageal cancer.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Blast crisis of chronic myelogenous leukemia. Morphologic and immunological features.

The morphological and immunological features of 22 patients with transformation of Philadelphia chromosome (Ph1) positive chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) were evaluated. Patterns of differentiation in blast crisis were as follows: myeloblastic 5 cases, lymphoblastic 6 cases, basophil differentiation 4 cases, monoblastic 3 cases, megakaryoblastic 1 case, and mixed 3 cases (myeloblastic and lymphoblastic, monoblastic and lymphoblastic and panmyelosis). Three cases were diagnosed as acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in early stage. After complete remission was achieved rapidly with vincristine and prednisolone, the hematological findings showed CML features. The immunological phenotype of lymphoblasts in lymphoid crisis was Ia+, CALLA+, surface and intracytoplasmic immunoglobulin negative. It was suggested that the neoplastic cells in two cases had B cell differentiation because of B1 or B4 positive. The terminal deoxynucleodidyl transferase (TdT) activity was examined by immunoperoxidase and immunofluorescence techniques on 11 cases. All TdT+ cells were the small lymphoid cells in 5 cases of lymphoid crisis and one case in mixed type. Heterogeneity of the terminal phase of CML was recognized. It was thus suggested that blast crisis of CML occurred in the pluripotent stem cell.

Blast Crisis↗
PubMed1985

Response curve, free-running period, and activity time in circadian locomotor rhythm of rats.

Phase response curves (PRC) for the spontaneous locomotor rhythm were constructed by applying short light pulses to rats in constant darkness (DD). The offset of locomotor activity as well as the onset was taken as a phase reference (offset PRC vs. onset PRC). The amount of phase shift yielded by light pulses was evaluated on the next day of pulse treatment (immediate PRC) and also after completion of a new steady state (steady state PRC). Significant differences in shape were observed between the onset and offset PRCs as well as between the immediate and steady state PRCs. In the immediate onset PRC, an area under the phase advance part (A) was absent, while it was present in the immediate offset PRC. In contrast, the steady state PRCs for activity onset and offset were essentially the same. The shape of steady state PRC depended on the free-running period in DD (tau). In the PRCs of long tau rhythms, the range covered by the phase delay area (D) was lengthened without changing its amplitude, resulting in a larger D/A ratio. A strong positive correlation was detected between tau and activity time (alpha). The steady state PRC shapes also depended on alpha; the D/A ratio was larger in a long alpha rhythm than in a short alpha. These results are in good agreement with the hypothesis that the circadian locomotor rhythm of nocturnal rodents is regulated by two coupled oscillators.

Animals↗