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Biomedical subjects

K I Eller

Publications and source records attributed to K I Eller.

31 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[The contamination of the 1986-1988 wheat harvests with deoxynivalenol (vomitoxin)].

The authors used high-performance liquid chromatography to estimate the content of deoxynivalenol (vomitoxin) trichothecene mycotoxin in 175 samples of wheat harvested in the Krasnodar Territory in 1986-1988. High incidence rates and levels of wheat intoxication have been recorded: 42.8% in 1986, 25% in 1987, and 80.28% of wheat samples in 1988 contained deoxynivalenol in concentrations exceeding MPC (1 mg/kg). A correlation was noted between the degree of wheat affection with Fusarium and the level of its intoxication with deoxynivalenol. A conclusion has been made on the necessity of using the criteria of the degree of wheat affection with Fusarium and the level of its intoxication with deoxynivalenol in hygienic recommendations for safe utilization of fusarial grain for food purposes.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The antagonism of the natural microflora of grain as a regulating factor in Fusarium sporotrichiella toxin formation].

The ability of 32 fungi species of 9 genera that belong to field grain microflora to inhibit the growth of F. sporotrichiella strain 53315 producing T2 toxin has been studied. Antagonistic properties have been found in representatives of Epicoccum and Drechslera genera. Estimation of T2 toxin in grain by microbiological method and by thin layer chromatography yielded similar results.

Antibiosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Biogenic amine contents in fish and fish preserves].

A method developed on the basis of highly efficient liquid chromatography of dansyl derivatives was used to study the content of biogenic amines (tyramine, histamine, cadaverine, putrescine, spermine and spermidine) in fish and canned fish. It was found that only 7 out of 149 samples contained histamine levels exceeding maximum permissible concentration (salted herring, smoked sardines, and salted Siberian salmon). No correlation was recorded between the increase of spermine content and spermidine.

Amphetamine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Contamination of food products with patulin].

Based on the method for patulin determination designed by the authors the rate and level of contamination of fruit, vegetables and foods manufactured from them (juices, purees, jams) with this mycotoxin were studied. Patulin was found in 8 out of 160 samples of fruit and vegetables, the highest concentration of patulin was identified in the berries of sea buckthorn (up to 54 000 micrograms/kg). Patulin was found in 28 out of 185 samples of foods manufactured from fruit. The concentration of patulin in juices did not exceed the allowable concentrations on the average. Patulin was largely identified in apple, sea buckthorn and plum juices.

Beverages↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Carbohydrates of the chicken egg yolk].

In the yolk of the eggs of hens receiving traditional feeding hydrocarbon mixtures contained in trace amounts therein were analyzed by a specially elaborated method. For identification and quantification the data of the gas liquid chromatography, chromato-mass-spectrometry and ultraviolet spectrophometry were used. In a complex hydrocarbon mixture chromato-mass-spectrometry helped identify the alkanes of the normal and isoprenoid structure, cycloalkanes, of terpene and sterene types. The alkanes and cycloalkanes fraction content was found to comprise 15-30 per 1 mg of the raw mass of the yolk, of the p-alkanes--1-3 mg, squalene--15-17 mg and of monocyclic arenes--about 1 mg.

Alkanes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Method of determining and the makeup of the aliphatic hydrocarbon fractions of sunflower, cottonseed and soya oils and of oil cakes].

To determine the content and composition of aliphatic carbohydrates in vegetable oils and oil cakes a method including alkaline hydrolysis, partition and thin-lower chromatography, gas-liquid chromatography and chromate-mass-spectrometry was devised. The content of n-isoalkans, isoprenoids, monocycloparaffins, bi-and tricyclic naphthenes, steranes and terpenes, olifines, squalene and other polyenes in sunflower, cotton, soya oils and oilcakes was measured.

Chromatography, Gas↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Improved method of determining the aflatoxin content in different food products of plant origin].

The authors offer an improved method for detection, identification and quantitation of aflatoxins, fit for series analyses. The method includes extract purification by means of two-dimensional thin-layer chromatography and quantitative determination of aflatoxin from their specific fluorescence. Combination of the techniques included in the method enables one to separate aflatoxin from interfering substances in extracts of any products of plant origin and excludes the attainment of pseudopositive results. The method was made use of for studying contamination of 145 samples of foods. Aflatoxin B1 was found in some of the samples. The maximal content of the aflatoxin was detected in corn and peanut. Apart from aflatoxin B1, the corn samples were demonstrated to contain aflatoxins B2, G1, and G2.

Aflatoxins↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Method of isolating, identifying and quantitatively determining alkanes, cycloalkanes, monocyclic arenes and squalene in animal organs and tissues].

A method for analyzing hydrocarbons in animal organs and tissues has been developed. This is made up of the following stages: decomposition of the biological material through alkaline hydrolysis; extraction of non-saponifiable lipids fraction; separation by using preparative thin-layer chromatography of the alkanes and cycloalkanes, monocylic arenes and squalene from the non-saponifiable lipids fractions; determining the content of the alkanes and cycloakanes fraction and also ascertaining the alkanes of normal and isoprenoid structure, by means of gas-liquid chromatography, and, finally, quantification of monocyclic arenes, based on the UV spectra findings. The statistical characteristics obtained through a mathematical processing of the analyses results bear evidence to a sufficient accuracy and good reproducibility of the method stages.

Alkanes↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Development of a method of analysis for 46 pesticides in fruits and vegetables by supercritical fluid extraction and gas chromatography/ion trap mass spectrometry.

A multiresidue method using supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) and gas chromatography/ion trap mass spectrometry (GC/ITMS) was developed for analysis of 46 pesticides in fruits and vegetables. The SFE procedure used 2 commercial instruments that trapped the extracts on solid-phase material. Silica gel chemically bound to octadecylsilane (ODS) collected the extracted pesticides efficiently, and elution of the trap with acetonitrile gave high recoveries. Extracts thus obtained were sufficiently clean for subsequent GC/ITMS analysis. The SFE conditions were 320 atm and 60 degrees C (0.85 g/mL CO2 density) and 1.6 mL/min CO2 flow rate for 6 extraction vessel volumes. Trapping on 1 mL ODS occurred at 10 degrees C, and a 0.4 mL/min flow rate of acetonitrile at 40 degrees-50 degrees C was used to elute the pesticides. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of the 46 pesticides were performed simultaneously by GC/ITMS. Studies of fortified samples gave > 80% recoveries for 39 pesticides, and recoveries of > 50% for the other pesticides, except methamidophos and omethoate. Grapes, carrots, potatoes, and broccoli were used as samples during method development, and a blind experiment involving incurred and fortified samples was used to test the approach. Results of the blind study compared satisfactorily with results from 7 laboratories using traditional GC detectors and solvent-based extractions.

Fruit↗