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Biomedical subjects

K Inomata

Publications and source records attributed to K Inomata.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Zinc supplementation in ethanol-treated pregnant rats increases the metabolic activity in the fetal hippocampus.

As a possible preventative measure for brain dysfunction in the fetal alcohol syndrome, the effect of zinc supplementation together with ethanol on the fetal cerebrum, especially the hippocampus, was investigated. Female rats of an ethanol group and a control group received 30% ethanol and water, respectively. During pregnancy half of both groups received 0.01% zinc together with ethanol or water. Fetuses on gestational day 21 were examined biochemically and ultrastructurally. Administration of zinc with ethanol resulted in an increased cerebral weight and cerebral RNA content compared to administration of ethanol alone. However, these better results did not reach those of controls without ethanol. In the cytoplasm of hippocampal neurons from dams only given zinc with ethanol confronting cisternae were frequently observed between the rough endoplasmic reticulum and the rough endoplasmic reticulum or the nuclear envelope. Although the functional roles of the confronting cisternae were not definite, it is reasonable to conclude that the confronting cisternae were a repair mechanism of zinc against the inhibitory effect on RNA and protein syntheses of ethanol. This study shows evidence of prevention of the brain dysfunction on ethanol treatment.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

A cerium method for the ultracytochemical localization of monoamine oxidase activity.

A cytochemical method based on the complex formation between cerous ions and hydrogen peroxide is described for the ultrastructural localization of monoamine oxidase (MAO). First, the residual MAO activity after fixation was measured by a radiochemical assay technique and was found to be sufficiently retained for cytochemical detection. Although the Tris buffer used in the present method was found to be inhibitory to MAO, considerable activity was still retained after fixation and incubation in Tris. MAO activity, detected as precipitates of cerium perhydroxide, was observed in the mitochondrial outer compartment, mitochondrial cristae and perinuclear space of myocardial cells and endothelial cells of rat heart. MAO activity was also found along the plasma membrane of capillary endothelia. Omission of substrate from the incubation medium or pre-incubation with pargyline, a specific MAO inhibitor, drastically reduced the amount of deposits. The present cerium method seems promising because of its reproducibility and the high electron density of the reaction products.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Axoplasmic transport of microtubule-associated proteins in the rat sciatic nerve.

32P-ATP was injected into the L5 dorsal root ganglion and axoplasmic transport of the phosphorylate MA proteins 2, microtubule-associated proteins 2, was observed. After the injection of 32P-ATP, the nerve was dissected out at prescribed time intervals and sliced into 5-mm pieces. Each segment was electrophoresed on an SDS-polyacrylamide slab gel and subjected to autoradiography. A protein of 310,000 dalton was transported at a velocity of 6.6-10.6 mm/day in the axon with the electrophoretic mobility identical to that of MA proteins 2, one of the key components associated with the microtubules.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1981

Constant AMP synthesis in aqueous solution by electric discharges.

An electric discharge was made through a gas mixture of N2 (7 cm Hg), H2 (14 cm Hg) and CO2 (14 cm Hg) over an aqueous solution (100 ml, pH 7.6) of adenosine (0.02 M) and phosphate (0.2 M) in a 5 liter vessel simulating primitive earth conditions. AMP was produced at a constant rate in the solution, and the yield reached about 2% in two months.

Adenosine Monophosphate↗
PubMed1981

Amino acids derivatives synthesis from nitrogen, carbon and water by electric discharges.

Electric discharges between a pair of carbon electrodes were continued for 50 days in a vessel of 5 liters in volume which initially contained nitrogen at a pressure of 15 cm Hg and 200 ml of water. The pressure in the vessel was gradually increased to 60 cm Hg at the end of the run. Gas chromatographic analysis showed that the increase of the pressure mainly results from the production of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The concentration of ammonia in the aqueous sample was increased to 0.05 M in 50 days of the discharge. After hydrolysis, glycine and serine were detected at the concentrations of 3.4 x 10(-3) M and 0.057 x 10(-3) M in the final solution, respectively, though glycine was found only at the concentration of 6 x 10(-6) M before hydrolysis. TLC analysis indicated the presence of hydantoic acid, N-formylglycine, diketopiperazine, and polymers of glycine.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1981

[Oblongata in the spinal trigeminal nucleus of the adult rat (author's transl)].

The substantia gelationsa has been noted as a region of central pain control, In 1979, we reported that an intense thiamine monophosphatase (TMPase) activity was specifically localized on the plasma membrane of the synaptic glomeruli, especially dense sinusoid axon terminals (DSA). In the present investigation, the ultracytochemical localization of TMPase activity was studied in the spinal trigeminal nucleus of the adult rat. Vibratome sections of aldehyde-fixed specimens were incubated in the incubation medium (veronal-acetate buffer, pH 5. 8, 27 mM, thiamine monophosphoric acid chloride 2mM, lead nitrate 2.7 mM, sucrose 146 mM, final pH 5.4) for 30 min at 37 degrees C, and processed for light as well as electron microscopy. At the light microscopic level, the reaction products, lead sulfide, were observed to be localized in the substantia gelatinosa of the caudal medulla oblongata in the spinal trigeminal nucleus. At the electron microscopic level, the TMPase activity was positive on the plasma membrane of DSA in the region where is particularly concerned with the relay of thermal and noxious stimuli. It has been suggested by us previously that there may be some relationship between the TMPase activity and pain, mechanism in the spinal cord, and the results that the situation seems to be hold true in the spinal trigeminal nucleus, also.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Oligo-glycine synthesis in an aqueous solution of glycine under oxidative conditions.

Di- and tri-glycine were synthesized in 1M aqueous solution of glycine by bubbling for 90 hr with oxygen discharged in the path from an oxygen cylinder. The peptides were also produced by an incubation at 37 degrees C of 2M glycine solution prepared with 75% hydrogen peroxide, and the yields were traced for 200 days. The final yields were about 0.25% and 0.01% for di- and tri-glycine, respectively. The solution at 166 days of incubation was applied to a Sephadex G10 column, and the fractions around the top of the chromatogram were found to increase the intensity of ninhydrin color about 4 approximately 5 times after hydrolysis, indicating an existence of oligo-glycine. The solutions of 1M glycine and 0.5M diglycine prepared with 30% hydrogen peroxide were incubated at 37 degrees C for 38 days, and di- and tetra-glycine were detected in the yields of 0.12% and 0.33%, respectively.

Dipeptides↗
PubMed1980

Ultrastructural study on myelination in rat spinal cord during the early postnatal stage.

The progress of myelination and the appearance of myelinated fibers in the anterior funiculus of the lumbar spinal cord of newborn rats were examined by electron microscopy. Myelin was seen only in the relatively larger axons on the first postnatal day, and the number of myelinated axons increased in number with age, but no tract-specific development in myelination could be observed in the anterior funiculus. During the early development of the white matter in the spinal cord, active immature oligodendrocytes, whose cytological characteristics differed from those of mature oligodendrocytes, were seen. The cytoplasmic processes of these immature oligodendrocytes possessed electron dense material, which might be contributive to oligodendrocytic phagocytosis. This element might play a significant role in the myelination mechanism.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

A case of suspected congenital rubella encephalopathy.

A case of suspected congenital rubella syndrome was reported. The patient, a 3-month-old female, was admitted because of irregular respiration. She was diagnosed as suspected congenital encephalodysplasia by CT-scan. Her condition deteriorated and she died 11 days after admission. From postmortem findings it was speculated that neuropathological findings were caused by rubella virus infection in uterus and the injury on delivery.

Brain↗
PubMed1980

Influence of different preparatory sets on reaction time and arm-movement time.

The effect of three different preparatory sets on reaction time (RT), movement time (MT) and reaction time-movement time (RT-MT) relationship was examined. All 15 subjects were required to perform under the three conditions regarding the relative payoff of stimulus and speed of movement. No significant effect of RT was found, while the significant difference between MT under MT-payoff condition and MT under RT-payoff condition was found. The correlations between RT and MT under MT-payoff condition and RT-MT payoff condition are significant (p less than .05). Also high canonical correlation between RTs and MTs was found. Results suggested that the motor program in the simple task may be executed more effectively under MT-payoff condition than RT-payoff conditions and also that a certain amount of generality between RT and MT under the payoff conditions might exist in multivariate domains.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Phosphorylation of adenosine in aqueous solution by electric discharges.

Dehydration reactions involving condensing reagents in aqueous solution have been studied as models of chemical evolution, and one such reagent has been found to be produced in the supposed primitive Earth conditions. We assumed that the dehydration condensation in aqueous solution could occur if the condensing reagents, which appear to be produced by electric discharges in the gas phase, could be carried to the aqueous solution through the recycling of water washing the wall of the vessel. We present here an experimental study of the dehydration condensation between phosphate and adenosine in aqueous solution using a new discharge apparatus (Fig. 1) which simulates prebiotic chemical evolution. The apparatus was designed so that water recycles in a vessel containing a solution at a relatively low temperature (approximately 30 degrees C), achieved by showering water at 18 degrees C from above the vessel. This is a simulation of the recycling system of water on the Earth, depending on a large difference in temperature between the ocean surface and the sky.

Adenosine↗