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Biomedical subjects

K J Wiessmann

Publications and source records attributed to K J Wiessmann.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Occupational lung disease following long-term inhalation of pancreatic extracts.

Fourteen employees of a pharmaceutical company, who had been exposed to porcine pancreatic and other organic dusts for 1-18 years were examined because of exercise dyspnea and asthmatic attacks. Airway obstruction or bronchial hyperreactivity and disturbance of oxygen diffusion were present in all cases. Two patients showed evidence of acute alveolitis and 3 had radiological signs of mild fibrosis, whilst emphysema dominated in 7 others. Skin tests and bronchial provocation revealed hyperreactivity to pancreatic extracts. Pancreatic alpha-amylase was determined as a causative allergen for Type I allergy symptoms by means of RAST. Three pathomechanisms of the lung diseases are discussed: 1) Type I allergy of the airways to pancreatic enzymes, 2) broncho-alveolar Type III reaction to porcine proteins; and 3) proteolytic damage of the lung tissue and an increase of non-specific bronchial reactivity.

Amylases↗
PubMed1984

[Enzymes are the allergenic components of inhaled pancreatin].

Pancreatic extracts had caused respiratory disease in five patients. Four of them were not atopic. In four cases alpha-amylase and in two cases trypsin could be identified as causative allergen using RAST and RAST-inhibition. In addition, demonstration of immunologic cross-reactivity between porcine and bovine pancreatin was possible. This most likely can be attributed to the structurally closely related enzymes alpha-amylase and trypsin occurring in both animal species.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Pulmonary effect of inhaling leather-impregnation sprays (author's transl)].

After inhaling a leather-impregnation spray in a confined space, coughing fits and dyspnoea occurred in a 40-year-old man and an 20-year-old woman, previously in good health. The cardinal symptoms on admission to an emergency ward were of interstitial pulmonary oedema in the X-ray but without increased pulmonary arterial pressure. Administration of corticosteroids both by aerosol and intravenously improved the acute symptoms within a few hours. Two subsequent chest X-rays demonstrated complete healing. The acute symptoms were caused by the impregnation spray producing an alveolitis or toxic lung oedema in both cases. The early topical administration of corticosteroids would appear to be the most important preventive and protective measure.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Lung disease after long-term inhalation of organic dusts in employees of a drug firm (author's transl)].

Nine patients, as employees of a drug firm exposed to pancreatin and other organic substances in dust form for long periods of time, complained of non-specific breathing disorders and exercise dyspnoea. Investigation revealed predominantly restrictive-obstructive disorders of ventilation with diffuse emphysema and evidence of abnormal oxygen diffusion. In two patients the chest X-ray revealed signs of acute alveolitis, in a third a marked pulmonary fibrosis after exposure for several years. Six of seven patients reacted positively to a prick test with pancreatin. Precipitating antibodies were demonstrated in only one patient. Immunopathological and chemical-toxic effects of pancreatin dust may be causes of the described pulmonary disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Effect of theophylline-ethylenediamine in obstructive lung disease (author's transl)].

In 12 patients with obstructive respiratory tract disease there occurred a decrease in the mean respiratory tract resistance of maximally 37% and a fall in pulmonary artery pressure of maximally 28% six hours after oral administration of 700 mg theophylline-ethylenediamine (Aminophyllin retard). The effect lasted beyond the 12 hours of observation on the first day and, after 14-day administration of twice daily 350 mg, remained nearly unchanged. After two weeks there was a clinically significant increase in vital capacity averaging 13%, the residual volume decreased by 14%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

[Bioavailability of theophylline after oral administration of a retard preparation of theophylline-ethylenediamine and the influence of 15-day ingestion on elimination kinetics after i.v. injection (author's transl)].

After the administration of 350 mg a retard preparation of theophylline-ethylenediamine (Aminophyllin retard) p.o. to 10 healthy test persons the absorption rate of theophylline amounted to an average of 84%, after which the absorption had not been fully completed in all persons after 10 h. Constant plasma levels appeared under the continuous administration of 350 mg of the retard preparation twice a day after 3-5 d; they were only a little above 5 mg/l, i.e. in the lower therapeutical range. After 15 d a clinically hardly significant increase in the theophylline clearance was found.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1979

The efficacy of four respiratory analeptics on healthy young men in a CO2 rebreathing experiment.

Four respiratory analeptics were examined in a CO2 rebreathing experiment with increase from 0--6% in the inspiratory CO2 concentration during 30 min on 24 healthy young men. The respiratory response curves (VE/pCO2) showed a parabolic shape. They were examined on parallel shift and change of slope. The "excitability ratio" is the first derivative of the response parabola and as such becomes a linear function of the actual arterial CO2 partial pressure. The following effects have been shown: 1. 150 mg amiphenazole (2.07 mg/kg) cause a small rise in the ventilation by accelerating the frequency at increased CO2 partial pressures above 45 mmHg. 2. 240 mg theophylline ethylenediamine (3.32 mg/kg) produce a nearly parallel upward-shift of the respiratory response curve, i.e., the respiratory minute volume increases independently by a deepening of the respiration. 3. 450 mg prethcamide (6.22 mg/kg) cause a slight increase of the "excitability ratio" at CO2 partial pressures above 45 mmHg. The CO2-dependent respiratory minute volume is not changed significantly but the pattern of breathing changes by accelerating the frequency and decreasing the tidal volume. 4. 40 mg fominobene (0.55 mg/kg) raise the "excitability ratio" convincingly at CO2 partial pressures above 40 mmHg. However, the total volume ventilated during the experiment does not increase because of a diminished ventilation at rest.

Adult↗