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Biomedical subjects

K J Winzer

Publications and source records attributed to K J Winzer.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

[Stereotactic tumor biopsy and tumor excision].

Stereotactic procedures are indicated in nonpalpable breast lesions that are suspicious in mammography. Using the ABBI system all established procedures (stereotactic needle biopsy, fine needle biopsy, core needle biopsy) can be performed. Also the resection of cylindrical tissue specimen with a maximum diameter of 20 mm can be carried out, controlled by digital mammography. For the exact diagnosis of lesions with a diameter up to 15 mm, cylindrical extirpation is recommended. In several cases this can be considered as definitive lumpectomy. Neither lesions localized close to the thoracic wall nor retromamillary lesions can be treated by using the ABBI system. While digital mammography is the method of choice for the detection of microcalcifications, the visualization of opacifications may be difficult. Overall the ABBI system was used in 40.7% of our patients with nonpalpable breast lesions.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1997

Nuclear localization and increased levels of transcription factor YB-1 in primary human breast cancers are associated with intrinsic MDR1 gene expression.

Breast cancers are either primarily resistant to chemotherapy (intrinsic resistance), or respond to chemotherapy but later recur with a multidrug-resistant phenotype because of overexpression of the multidrug transporter P-glycoprotein. The MDR1 gene encoding P-glycoprotein may be transcriptionally regulated by a Y-box transcription factor. We now report that, in multidrug-resistant MCF-7 breast cancer cells, nuclear localization of YB-1 is associated with MDR-1 gene expression. In drug-sensitive MCF-7 cells, however, YB-1 was localized to the cytoplasm. Regulated overexpression of YB-1 in drug-sensitive diploid breast epithelial cells induced MDR-1 gene expression and multidrug resistance. In 27 out of 27 untreated primary breast cancers, YB-1 protein was expressed in the cytoplasm although it was undetectable in normal breast tissue of these patients. In a subgroup of tumors (9/27), however, YB-1 was also localized to the nucleus and, in these cases, high levels of P-glycoprotein were present. These results show that in a subset of untreated primary breast cancers, nuclear localization of YB-1 protein is associated with intrinsic multidrug resistance. Our data show that YB-1 has an important role in controlling MDR1 gene transcription and this finding provides a basis for the analysis of molecular mechanisms responsible for intrinsic multidrug resistance in human breast cancer.

ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Mem↗
PubMed1997

Detection of malignant and benign breast lesions with an automated US system: results in 120 cases.

PURPOSE: To evaluate clinically an automated ultrasound (US) system for detecting benign and malignant breast lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prototype automated US system was used to examine 119 patients: 38 patients with 39 proved malignant breast lesions (7-50 mm), 41 patients with 41 proved benign breast lesions (8-40 mm), and 40 patients without breast lesions. The device yields a three-dimensional set of B-mode scans and reconstructed US images comparable to mammograms. All patients had undergone mammography. Four radiologists who had not performed the examinations independently assessed the mammograms and US images to detect benign and malignant breast lesions. RESULTS: Each of the four readers did not recognize one to three detectable malignant lesions on mammograms, one to two detectable malignant lesions on US images, two to four detectable benign lesions on mammograms, and five to seven detectable benign lesions on US images. All readers identified the 39 cancers with at least one of the modalities. The 40 cases without lesions were diagnosed correctly more frequently on the US images by three readers and on the mammograms by one reader. CONCLUSION: Depiction of breast lesions at automated US is reproducible. Automated US is complementary to mammography.

Breast Diseases↗
PubMed1997

[Minimal invasive surgery in clinically occult breast carcinoma].

The ABBI (Advanced Breast Biopsy Instrumentation) system is a new method of breast surgery of nonpalpable tumors which permits intraoperative mammography. In a pilot study it was shown that a small carcinoma can be removed by a mammographically and stereotactically controlled biopsy (20 mm maximum diameter). An indicated breast-conserving therapy can be carried out when using this method.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1996

A defined chromosome 6q fragment (at D6S310) harbors a putative tumor suppressor gene for breast cancer.

Recent evidence obtained by cytogenetic and molecular studies indicates that in breast cancer chromosome 6q is often affected by genetic changes suggesting the existence of putative tumor suppressor genes (TSGs). However the function of gene(s) on this chromosome in breast cancer suppression is not understood. To substantiate further the presence of breast cancer related TSGs at 6q and to define their location, we first performed microcell-mediated transfer of chromosome 6 to CAL51 breast cancer cells for studying possible suppression of malignant phenotype and secondly, we analysed DNAs from 46 primary breast cancers for loss of constitutive heterozygosity (LOH) using 24 poly-morphic microsatellite markers. The chromosome transfer resulted in loss of tumorigenicity and reversion of other neoplastic properties of the microcell hybrids. Polymorphism analysis of single hybrids revealed that they harbored only a small donor chromosome fragment defined by the marker D6S310 (6q23.3-q25) and flanked by D6S292 and D6S311. The LOH data suggest that four tumor suppressor gene loci mapped to the central and distal portion of 6q may be independently deleted in breast cancer. One of these regions corresponds to the region identified by chromosome transfer.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1996

[Surgery of breast carcinoma in the elderly woman].

From our experience the age of the patient does not seen to be a contraindication to surgical therapy of breast cancer. There was no statistically significant difference in the tumor staging between patients younger than 75 years and patients older than 74 years. Although radical surgery was not possible in all cases of patients older than 74 years because of general risk factors, there was not statistical difference in the survival rates of patients younger than 75 years.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Assessment of prognosis in breast carcinoma by lay persons and by physicians].

Between 1986 and 1988 five hundred women with suspicion of breast cancer were asked for private prognosis. 29% did not answer. In the end 43.2% had a breast cancer. 47 of the patients had worked in Public Health. 54.4% of all had seen the possibility of cure chance in more than 50%, but only 39.4% with a medical job respectively 0% of patients with a diploma of a medical university have seen this chance.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1991

[S-phase fraction of benign mastopathies and breast carcinomas].

The S phase fraction of breast biopsies of 110 patients determined in vitro using 3H-thymidine. In fibrocystic lesions the 3H-thymidine labeling index (3H-TMI) increases parallel to the degree of dysplasia. In our opinion proliferating mastopathies are only those with a 3H-TMI of more than 1%. Invasive ductal mammary carcinomas with the histological structure demonstrate a strong variable proliferative activity histoautoradiographically as expression of their different growth dynamics.

Autoradiography↗
PubMed1991

[Significance of interdisciplinary cooperation in surgical therapy of noninvasive breast carcinoma].

Non-invasive mammary carcinoma can be surgically treated with preservation of the breast even without adjuvant radiotherapy, if all necessary conditions are provided, such as accurate indication, absence of multicentricity, no involvement of mamillae except of Paget's disease, tumour diameter not more than 20 mm as well as efficient and systematic performance of intraoperative diagnostic histology. An analysis of the author's own surgical findings revealed multicentricity in 16% of all cases of intraductal carcinoma. Breast-preserving operations could be performed on 63% of the patients. Local recurrences were recorded from 13% of all cases reviewed. The rate of breast-preserving operations with lowest possible rate of recurrence, by all accounts of experience, can be enhanced only by close interdisciplinary cooperation among radiologists, surgeons, and pathologists.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1991

[Frequency distribution, microscopic image analysis and grading of mammary carcinoma].

The frequency of diagnoses of breast diseases in 1685 patients was examined on the basis of biopsy material at the Institute of Pathology of Charité Hospital in Berlin, during 1984-1987, with particular consideration of histological types of mammary carcinomas. Breast cancer was detected in 562 patients of whom 429 had undergone operations according to standardized recommendations by the Charité Department of Surgery. Histological tumor classification, postoperative staging and, in cases of invasive ductal carcinoma, also histological grading were part of the pathologico-anatomic investigation. Reproducibility of grading was 72.7% for intra-observer examination and 63.3% for evaluation by different pathologists. A group of 20 premenopausal patients with tumors staged as pT1, pN0 was selected for morphometric studies and objectivation of tumor grading. HE-stained paraffin sections were made for conventional grading according to Bloom and Richardson (1957), whereas Feulgen reaction in 4 microns thick sections was used for quantitative examination by means of a microscopic image analysis system (Robotron A6471 with AMBA/R software). The measuring program used was based mainly on evaluation of karyometric features. Measurements were concentrated on analysis of the chromatin structure of tumor cell nuclei. Correlations with histological grading were found to exist for 16 features out of 28 parameters selected for statistical analysis. Some new parameters of the texture of tumor cells nuclei were demonstrated to be strongly correlated with the degree of tumor differentiation. The prognostic significance of nuclear texture features has to be proved by further studies in which clinical data of the course of the tumor disease must be included.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Which surgical methods are justified in breast cancer?].

Between 1978 and 1987, operations were performed for primary mammary carcinoma on 1,112 patients, 59.2 years in average age. One pre-menopausal and one post-menopausal peak were revealed by subdivision by age groups. General five-year survival rates were 72.95 per cent for all patients who had undergone surgery between 1978 and 1983 (n = 593) and 88.18 per cent for those with a tumour up to 20 mm in size (n = 220). Modified radical mastectomy is recommended as standard therapy, while small tumours should be tackled by lumpectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Lumpectomy with axillary lymph node excision and subsequent irradiation of the small breast cancer].

The technique of lumpectomy with axillary lymphonodectomy and postoperative irradiation is discussed in this paper and is compared to quadrantectomy or bilaterally restricted subcutaneous mastectomy in cases of small-size mammary carcinoma. A critical appraisal is made of the authors' own concept of indication, with reference being also made to the problem of the non-invasive form.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1989

[Automated microscopic image analysis and the prognosis of preneoplasms and carcinomas of the mammary gland].

Studies of preneoplasias and carcinomas of the mammary gland have been conducted by means of automated microscopic image analysis, on the basis of previous results as well as with references to the international literature, for 2 purposes: 1. Determination in the context of a clinical follow-up study of the individual carcinoma risk for patients with proliferative fibrocystic breast disease (mastopathy) and 2. Preparation of an objective automated grading of ductal breast carcinomas for better assessment of prognosis. Against the background of the assumption that the majority of carcinomas and precancerous lesions of the breast originate from the terminal ductal lobular unit, an effort is made to determine, independent severity of the mastopathy, the biological valence of solid, cribriform, and papillary ductal epithelial proliferations (no, possible or inevitable preneoplasia). Proliferation patterns without and with atypical features are checked for their similarity with intraductal and invasive carcinomas (similarity principle) and are additionally examined for differences, depending on localization and distance from tumour (topological principle). Automated histological tumour grading is to distinguish with greater subtlety within the large heterogeneous group of moderately differentiated carcinomas and is to objectify and thus facilitate the difficult task of delimitation of moderately and poorly differentiated carcinomas. Nuclear grading will be the major basis for classification along these lines. Objectified and reproducible tumour grading is believed to be extremely helpful in better prognostication of breast cancer.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1987

[Cytochemical determination of estrogen receptors in breast tumors].

An account is given in this paper of results obtained from determination of oestrogen receptors in cases of mammary tumours, using the FITC conjugate of Lee's cytochemical procedure. Minimum hardware input is required for the approach which is applicable also to smaller tumours and to cases of poor specificity. Carcinomas were positively recorded from 92 in 173 women, with 82.5 per cent of them exhibiting positive responses to oestrogen.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗