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Biomedical subjects

K Kalimo

Publications and source records attributed to K Kalimo.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Leukocyte migration inhibition test in children with cow milk allergy.

The usefulness of the leukocyte migration inhibition factor (LIF) test to detect cow milk (CM) hypersensitivity was studied in 40 children with suspected allergy to CM. Hypersensitivity was carefully investigated by oral milk challenges, which gave a final confirmation of cow milk hypersensitivity in 12 subjects, and excluded it in the remaining 28 subjects. Leukocyte migration inhibition was measured using beta-lactoglobulin (BLG), alpha-lactalbumin (ALA), alpha-casein (ACA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) as antigens. IgA and IgG antibodies to these antigens were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and IgE antibodies to these antigens and to CM by radioallergosorbent test (RAST). Skin prick test with CM was performed in 38 subjects, and with BLG, ALA, ACA and BSA in 29 subjects. Leukocyte migration was more often inhibited by cow milk antigens in the CM challenge positive (CM+) subjects than in the challenge negative (CM-) subjects. Of the specific milk antigens, ALA was the most potent inhibitor, and gave a positive LIF test result in all CM+ subjects, and significantly (P less than 0.02) less often (15/24) in CM- subjects. Also in the skin prick test and RAST, ALA gave positive results more often than the other milk antigens. BLG, ACA and BSA had an inhibiting effect on leukocyte migration, but the difference between the CM+ and CM- subjects was not statistically significant. Two of the 12 CM+ subjects had no demonstrable IgE antibodies to CM proteins; both of them, however, had a positive LIF test with at least one of the CM antigens.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Do positive nickel reactions increase nonspecific patch test reactivity?

The patch test reaction pattern in nickel-positive and -negative female patients was compared. Cobalt allergy was found in 24.8% of the positive patients. However, the occurrence of allergy to other common agents, i.e., neomycin, perfume mix, balsam of Peru and bacitracin, did not differ significantly between the 2 groups. Even in patients allergic to nickel and cobalt simultaneously, the frequencies were comparable. Chromate and PPDA allergy was significantly commoner in nickel sensitive patients (p less than 0.05 and p less than 0.01). Erythematous or follicular reactions were seen most often to wood tars, propylene glycol, formaldehyde, cobalt, chromate and perfume mix. Reactions to propylene glycol and perfume mix were as frequent in both groups, whereas formaldehyde, cobalt and chromate caused reactions more often in nickel-positive patients (p less than 0.05) and wood tars in negatives (p less than 0.05). Follicular reactions developed especially in patients who were positive to nickel and cobalt. The total number of non-specific reactions was not overpresented in nickel sensitive patients, despite their multiple patch test reactivity.

Allergens↗
PubMed1985

Experimental nickel sensitization in the guinea pig: comparison of different protocols.

3 different sensitization protocols were compared for inducing delayed-type nickel contact hypersensitivity in guinea pigs. Open epicutaneous sensitization (OE) induced nickel allergy in 11/22 (50%) guinea pigs. When intradermal injections of Freund's complete adjuvant into the nickel-painted skin was added to the same protocol, 4/13 (31%) became sensitized. The guinea pig maximization protocol induced nickel allergy in only 7/31 (23%) of the animals. Compared with the 2 other methods, animals sensitized with open epicutaneous applications reacted more rapidly (maximum at 6 h) and strongly (2+ reaction in 12/22 of animals) in previous patch test sites upon systemic (i.p.) nickel challenge. Open epicutaneous sensitization of guinea pigs should be a useful model for studying cellular and immunological mechanisms in nickel contact sensitivity.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1985

Interrelationship of nickel and cobalt contact sensitization.

The possible modulating effect of previous nickel sensitization on subsequent cobalt sensitization, and vice versa, was studied in a guinea pig model, using an open epicutanous induction protocol. Challenge tests were made by both topical and systemic routes. Controls included animals sensitized to only one of the metals. Animals sensitized with both metals seemed to react more readily in patch testing to either allergen, as compared to mono-sensitized animals. Systemic challenge with cobalt revealed a significantly (p less than 0.05) higher reaction rate (70%) in animals originally sensitized to cobalt and subsequently to nickel, as compared to the reaction rate (20%) in cobalt mono-sensitized animals. The reverse order of double-sensitization (nickel first, cobalt subsequently) led to an intermediate cobalt sensitization rate (50%). These experimental data corroborate clinical findings which have indicated a mutual enhancing effect of nickel and cobalt contact sensitization in man, and provide an animal model for studying the underlying immunological processes.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Antigliadin antibodies and gluten-free diet in dermatitis herpetiformis.

IgA and IgG class antigliadin antibodies (AGA) were analysed with ELISA technique from serum samples of 30 dermatitis herpetiformis patients. Jejunal biopsies were performed to all patients before any treatment and high levels of IgA class AGA were found to be associated with subtotal villous atrophy. Fourteen patients started gluten-free diet (GFD) which caused a significant decrease in both IgA and IgG class AGA. The decrease of IgA AGA was faster than that of IgG AGA and IgA antibody levels fell to normal range during the GFD treatment in all but one patient. In contrast, 5 out of 8 patients followed on normal died showed increasing IgA AGA levels and all of them had a rise in IgG AGA. IgA and IgG class antibodies to cow's milk were also measured in these patients but in contrast to AGA the diets had no clearcut effect on these antibodies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Sensitivity to rubber. Study with rubber mixes and individual rubber chemicals.

During a 3-year period 3332 patients were patch tested with ICDRG standard series including 4 rubber mixes. Additional tests were performed with individual rubber chemicals and suspected solid rubber products. Rubber sensitivity was detected in 158 (4.7%) patients. Thiuram mix caused most of the positive reactions (73) followed by carba mix (51), PPD mix (40) and mercapto mix (19). From the individual rubber chemicals TMTM, TETD and IPPD caused allergic reactions most frequently. Rubber mixes, especially thiuram and PPD mix appeared to be better screening agents than any individual chemical to detect rubber allergy. However, MBT is recommended to be tested separately. Carba mix caused several irritant reactions. Three immediate type rubber reactions were seen. Gloves were the most common individual sources of rubber sensitivity.

Dermatitis, Contact↗
PubMed1984

24 and 48 h allergen exposure in patch testing. Comparative study with 11 common contact allergens and NiCl2.

Patch test reactions to 11 common contact allergens were studied after 24 h and 48 h occlusion with Finn Chambers in 390 patients. Concordant allergic results were found in 96 cases (74%). In 22 patients (17%), the reaction was positive only after 48 h and in 11 cases (8.5%) only after 24 h exposure. Most of the discordant reactions were to nickel, cobalt, neomycin, formaldehyde and perfume mix. Irritant reactions were found in 55 cases, the majority occurring after 48 h occlusion. Nickel chloride tested in parallel with 48 h exposure lead to more positive allergic and toxic reactions than nickel sulphate.

Allergens↗
PubMed1984

Cross-reactivity of IgE antibodies with allergens in birch pollen, fruits and vegetables.

Allergens extracted from apple, carrot, celery tuber and orange were coupled to radioallergosorbent test (RAST) discs. These and commercial birch, mugwort and timothy pollen discs were used to study sera from 90 patients for the presence of IgE antibodies which react with the allergens in question. Individual sera frequently gave positive results with several discs - in particular with birch pollen, apple, carrot and celery tuber discs. If IgE antibodies to birch pollen or apple allergens were detected, there was a 90% chance of antibodies being found also to the second one of these two source materials. Skin tests and patient histories indicated similar clustering of allergies. RAST inhibition experiments showed that the clustering phenomenon was due to cross-reactivity. All immunological determinants in fruits and vegetables appeared to be present also in birch pollen, but all birch pollen determinants were not present in fruits and vegetables. 45 children with atopic dermatitis were studied to establish whether a positive orange RAST would correlate with a history of atopic dermatitis aggravated by orange. The results were negative.

Adolescent↗