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Biomedical subjects

K Kan

Publications and source records attributed to K Kan.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Topical application of the hypoglycemic agent glibenclamide and changes in blood glucose, plasma insulin (IRI) levels and plasma concentration of glibenclamide in normal rats.

This study was done to determine whether an oral hypoglycemic agent would be absorbed through the skin and consequently lower blood glucose levels. We applied 250 mg or 500 mg of 5% glibenclamide ointment (GO) to the cleanly shaved dorsa (5 x 10 cm) of overnight-fasted male Wistar rats, weighing 250-300 g. Blood samples were collected at 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h after the application of GO and blood glucose, plasma insulin (IRI) and the plasma concentration of glibenclamide were determined. The plasma concentration of glibenclamide reached a high level as early as 1 h after application and the level was maintained for 24 h. The plasma concentration of glibenclamide in the 500-mg GO group was higher than in the 250-mg GO group, but even 24 h after application the 250-mg GO group showed a mean value of 206 ng/ml. Mean blood glucose levels in both GO groups at every time point after application were significantly lower than in the control group; with respect to mean IRI levels the opposite was found. Thus, glibenclamide is absorbed through the skin and reaches a level of plasma concentration which induces significant changes in blood glucose and IRI levels. This may well be a new approach to controlling blood glucose levels in patients with diabetes mellitus.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1989

Relation between mixed venous blood oxygen saturation and cardiac pumping function at the acute phase of myocardial infarction.

In this study, we monitored changes in the mixed venous blood oxygen saturation (Sv-O2) level of 45 patients with acute myocardial infarction and compared these results to the traditional parameters. The Sv-O2 level was found to correlate well with the clinical course of patients and their hemodynamic conditions. The mean Sv-O2 level of the group having congestive heart failure (53.3 +/- 8.4%) was found to be statistically lower than those without (69.8 +/- 5.6). Furthermore, patients whose Sv-O2 level was lower than 60% were found to be at greater risk for heart failure and a very high mortality rate. Patients were classified into four subsets according to Forrester's hemodynamic classification; their Sv-O2 levels were 70.7 +/- 4.1% (I: 23 cases), 54.7 +/- 6.9% (II: 8 cases), 55.8 +/- 9.4% (III: 10 cases), and 47.0 +/- 8.0 (IV: 4 cases), respectively. A severe relationship between pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and Sv-O2 having a correlation coefficient of r = -0.64 was observed, and a logarithmic curvilinear relation between cardiac index approximately Sv-O2, stroke volume index approximately Sv-O2 and left ventricular stroke work index approximately Sv-O2 was also evident. When the decrease in the Sv-O2 level was more than 5%, it always showed a significant decrease in the cardiac index. This study suggested tht continuous monitoring of the Sv-O2 level revealed simultaneous changes in the hemodynamic state, which lead to the assistance and aid for treating patients with critical conditions of acute myocardial infarction. In such circumstances, it was noted that the Sv-O2 level should be maintained above 60% in order to stabilize the hemodynamic state.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Plasma glucagon response to intravenous alanine in obese and non-obese subjects.

To investigate glucagon (IRG) and insulin (IRI) responses to alanine infusion in obesity and to assess the effect of body weight reduction with respect to hormonal balance, we compared six obese subjects with nine normal weight controls. None of the subjects were diabetic by OGTT criteria. Plasma IRI and IRG were measured following IV alanine at a rate of 0.1 g/kg over a period of 2 min. Our obese subjects had an increase in IRG response to alanine, which was due to decreased suppression of alpha-cell function due to insulin resistance. Weight reduction via calorie restriction reduced insulin demand, resulting in reduced plasma IRI by restoring beta-cell function, and the IRG response was paradoxically decreased as compared with that before weight loss. It is conceivable that improvements in insulin sensitivity after body weight reduction may re-establish the normalization of pancreatic beta-cell function and the insulin-induced inhibition of IRG secretion. Our obese subjects were characterized by decreased IRG secretion which was reflected in a change in body weight reduction.

Alanine↗
PubMed1988

Computer assisted management of a regionalized newborn screening program.

Through the use of an on-line computer system, the regionalized newborn screening program in California has been able to provide overall management, tracking of cases requiring follow-up, laboratory quality control, revenue collection, and the monitoring of program functionality. In addition, the system acts as a tool for research and epidemiological studies.

California↗
PubMed1986

Unusual apparent hyperchloremia induced by long-term abuse of bromide-containing drugs.

Recently, we have observed 8 cases showing unusually high serum chloride (Cl-) levels of 282, 279, 257, 251, 213, 169, 123 and 120 mEq/l respectively, as measured by the ion selective electrical method (ISE). All of these cases showed almost normal Cl- levels by the coulometric method. Five of the patients had been taking Bromide (Br-)-containing drugs for a long period, and were found to have high serum levels of Br- ranging from 0.6 to 11.0 mEq/l (normal level: 0.1 mEq/l greater than). The cause of this abnormal elevation in serum Cl- as measured by ISE was investigated as follows. First, normal human pooled serum was mixed with NaBr solution to give increasing concentrations of Br- ions, which was then analyzed using the ISE method. Results showed that the selective response ratio of Br- against Cl- had values as high as 15.03 with ISE in contrast to values of 1.0 obtained by coulometry. Secondly, 7 healthy volunteers were given 4 commercially obtained Br(-)-containing tablets (Sedes A; Shionogi & Co., Ltd.) every day for 8 days. Their mean serum Cl- values measured by ISE gradually increased from 108 to 112 mEq/l, paralleling increments of mean Br- value from 0.1 to 0.6 mEq/l over 9 days. From these observations, it is concluded that serum chloride values obtained by ISE are easily interfered with by Br-. Paradoxically, however, this fact is often a good indicator of Br- intoxication. The authors therefore recommend clinicians to pay more attention to the Br- intoxication that often occurs from overdosage of Br(-)-containing drugs, some of which are commercially available without prescription.

Adult↗