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Biomedical subjects

K M Rahman

Publications and source records attributed to K M Rahman.

68 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1983

Incidence of cutaneous diphtheria in Bangladesh.

Corynebacterium diphtheriae (C. diphtheriae) was isolated from 23 (7%) skin ulcers out of 327 cases studied. Eight (33%) of the 23 positive cases belonged to the age group of 6 to 10 years. Of the 19 strains of C. diphtheriae typed, 18 (95%) were gravis and of which 14 (77%) were toxigenic. More than 90% of the C. diphtheriae positive ulcer cases had serum anti-toxin level at or above the protective level as against 49% of control. No diphtheria bacilli were isolated from throat of any of the skin positive cases. All the ulcers from which C. diphtheriae were isolated also harboured other definite wound pathogens. It is believed that the presence of toxigenic C. diphtheriae in skin wound might play an important role in the spread of faucial diphtheriae. It is evident from serum anti-toxin level that infected persons develop natural immunity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Resurgence of visceral leishmaniasis in Bangladesh.

Out of 218 suspected cases of kala-azar from different parts of Bangladesh, 59 could be confirmed; and out of 41 patients with suspected skin lesions, 6 were confirmed as post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis. Confirmation of diagnosis was based on the demonstration of L-D bodies in tissue specimens (spleen and liver (after puncture) or skin scrapings).The complement fixation test (CFT) and aldehyde test (AT) were positive in all but one case of kala-azar. Their usefulness in the diagnosis of the disease has been emphasized. The aldehyde test is very simple to perform and does not require any equipment or electricity; it can therefore be used as a screening test in rural areas.Failure of the organism to grow in NNN medium in 2 cases and failure to maintain organisms isolated from some other cases for more than 2-3 weeks in the culture medium indicate the possibility that different strains were involved. As the number of kala-azar cases appears to be increasing, the threat of an epidemic is real.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

A study on fasciolopsiasis in Bangladesh.

A study of infection with F. buski in children has been carried out in a rural area of Bangladesh. The rate of ova production was inversely related to the worm load. Subjects infected with F. buski had higher total leukocyte counts than the control subjects, but the two groups were not different with regard to haemoglobin level and other parameters of nutrition. These findings have been discussed. There was a high rate of infection (36.2%). Up to the age of 7 years, males and females were equally affected, but above this age the females predominated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

The treatment of fasciolopsiasis with niclosamide and dichlorophen.

Niclosamide and Dichlorophen have been tried in infection with F. buski in an endemic area of Bangladesh. Niclosamide is the commonly used agent for this condition, but was found to reduce the ova count by about 48.5% only and repeat treatment did not improve the result. Dichlorophen is advocated for tape worm, but was found to reduce the ova count by 83.3% and repeat treatment completely eradicated infection with F. buski.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Serologic differentiation of adult Toxocara and Ascaris.

The antigenic analysis of Toxocara canis a causative agent of visceral larva migrans and Ascaris suum has been carried out. Agar gel double diffusion techniques and its modifications were employed to determine whether or not crude antigens, obtained from the adult parasites: (a) contained components unique for each, (b) could be used to differentiate the parasites serologically. Adult Toxocara canis and Ascanis suum antigens used in this study were found to contain several unique antigenic components. It was shown that antisera produced in rabbits artificially immunized against adult Ascaris and Toxocara could be specifically differentiated from each other by using intragel absorption test.

Agar↗
PubMed1979

Serologic differentiation of larval Toxocara and Ascaris.

Antigenic extracts of adult and larval T. canis and A. suum have been used in microgel double diffusion technique to differentiate antibodies produced in animals, experimentally infected with these parasites. Antigenic extracts from adult Ascaris reacted with the sera from animals infected with A. suum but the extracts from adult Toxocara failed to react or reacted feebly with the sera from animals infected with T. canis. Interestingly the antigenic extract from adult Toxocara reacted with the sera from animals infected with Ascaris. The antigens extracted from embryonated eggs of both the worms reacted with anti-Toxocara larval serum but could not absorb all the specific antibodies in the interagel absorption test.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Fungus infection of ear.

Of 2,632 patients seeking medical help for symptoms pertaining to the ear, 1,264 were clinically suspected to be suffering from fungus infection. Microbiological confirmation of diagnosis was obtained in 209 cases including 82 cases with mixed infections (both fungus and bacteria). The commonest species of fungus isolated was Aspergillus (Aspergillus niger, 67%; Aspergillus fumigatus, 24%). Best results in fungus infection of the ear was obtained by daily packing of the external meatus by a wick of gauze soaked in 2% salicylic acid in alcohol (70%) for a few days after removal of the fungal mass.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Bacteriuria and urinary tract infection in pregnancy.

The incidence of bacteriuria among 300 pregnant and 100 married, non-pregnant women (control group) were studied. Clean voided mid-stream urine were collected aseptically. Significant bacteriuria was noted 15 (5%) cases among the pregnant women. Of these, only 4 had symptoms suggestive of urinary tract infection. In the control group, only one significant bacteriuria case was detected. Seven different types of microorganisms were isolated from the cases showing significant bacteriuria. The predominant organisms were Esch. coli and Kleb. pneumoniae. No distinct correlation between bacteriuria and pyuria was observed. The results have been discussed.

Bacteriuria↗
PubMed1975

Use of different saprophytic acid-fast bacilli in complement-fixation test for kala-azar.

Complement-fixation tests for kala-azar using antigenic extracts from 4 different saprophytic acid fast bacilli were carried out. It was observed that all the 4 extracts gave positive reactions with sera from kala-azar patients. However, Myco. phlei gave best results and next comes Kedrowsky's bacilli. These two are different strains of the same organism, Myco. phlei. Myco. smegmatis also gave satisfactory results but Myco. butyricum gave weak and false negative reactions in some cases. Last two organisms are the different strains of the same Myco. smegmatis.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Epidemiology of malaria in Malaysia.

Malaria is a major public health problem in Malaysia, particularly in peninsular Malaysia and the state of Sabah. An eradication program started in the states of Sabah and Sarawak in 1961 initially was remarkably successful. A similar but staged program was started in peninsular Malaysia in 1967 and was also quite successful. However, a marked upsurge in incidence in Sabah in 1975-1978 showed that malaria is still a major hazard. The disease leads to great economic losses in terms of the productivity of the labor force and the learning capacity of schoolchildren. The topography, the climate, and the migrations of the people due to increased economic activity are similar in peninsular Malaysia, Sabah, and Sarawak. However, the epidemiologic picture differs strikingly from area to area in terms of species of vectors, distribution of parasitic species, and resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine. Likewise, the problems faced by the eradication or control programs in the three regions are dissimilar. Because solutions to only some of these problems are possible, the eradication of malaria in Malaysia is not likely in the near future. However, the situation offers an excellent opportunity for further studies of antimalaria measures.

Anopheles↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Applicability of direct agglutination test (DAT) at a rural health setting in Bangladesh and feasibility of local antigen production.

As part of a large-scale sero-epidemiological survey on visceral leishmaniasis (VL) carried out in Mymensingh district of Bangladesh, applicability of DAT was assessed at the level of a rural health setting in Trishal (upazila) subdistrict. Despite the relatively less optimal conditions encountered, 5854 inhabitants from 7 villages appendant to Trishal were assessed for VL. The demographic distribution for sero-positivity obtained at the rural setting was comparable to that found by DAT as executed at the central laboratory (IEDC&R, Dhaka) on 9619 inhabitants from the same upazila. The overall sero-prevalence rate was 4.4% compared to 3.7% obtained in the population assessed at the central laboratory. In either study, similar VL prevalence rates of 2.1% were obtained in the male populations. Irrespective of sex, younger population (< 20 years) in both studies appeared to have higher VL incidence rate (2.3% and 2.6%) than others of 21- > or = 90 years (1.4% and 1.8%). Local production of DAT antigen employing an authochtonus L. donovani isolate was attempted at the central laboratory (IEDC&R) in Dhaka. By comparison with the reference antigen, titres obtained in all 33 VL sera tested were equally higher (1:6400- > or =: 51200) than in 35 out of 38 negative controls (< or = 1:400-1:1600). A comparable level of reactivity was also obtained in 53 VL and 52 negative control sera using a well characterized L. donovani strain (MHOM/IN/80/D88) from India. However, unlike the reference strain, titres obtained in 7 endemic controls were significantly higher with the authochtonous and homologous antigen (1:3200 - 1:6400) than with the reference (1:100 - 1:1600). The results signify the advantage of employing indigenous L. donovani isolates to further improve DAT sensitivity for detection of early and sub-clinical VL.

Adolescent↗